人文湖南 | 慢品社区老房子 · 李白旧居
长乐路339弄18号（李白旧居）
李白旧居位于长乐路339弄18号底楼。339弄1至44号蒲石村，新式里弄，以蒲石路（今长乐路）命名。
长乐路339弄18号建于1934年，占地面积4080平方米，建筑面积7376平方米，共有砖木结构三层楼房42幢，二层楼房1幢，平房1间。入口上有轻薄雨篷，右侧开一小圆窗，二层局部有大转角窗，水泥拉毛外墙，坡顶，钢窗，硬木地板。
经联系李白烈士的儿子李恒胜，烈士曾在此处设立秘密电台，央视记者也到此处进行过拍摄。此外，经虹口区文史馆的同志介绍，此处还经烈士遗属裘慧英老人生前确认。
长乐路339弄18号现已列入上海市第三次全国文物普查不可移动文物名录。
李白简介
李白（1910—1949），湖南浏阳人。1925年参加农民运动。后加入中国共产党。1930年参加中国工农红军，到中央根据地举办的电讯训练班第二期学习。后在红一方面军从事电台通讯工作。1934年随中央红军参加长征。抗日战争期间，到上海设立秘密电台。曾被日军逮捕入狱。抗战胜利后继续从事秘密电台工作。1948年12月被捕后，在酷刑下仍严守党的机密。1949年5月7日在浦东被秘密杀害。
李白
永不消逝的电波
1937年10月10日，李白受党中央委派，化名李霞从延安抵达上海，担任秘密电台报务员。为掩护地下电台，党组织安排23岁的绸厂女工、共产党员裘兰芬（改名裘慧英）与李白假扮夫妻，协助工作。
1938年4月，两人以“夫妻”名义住进法租界内环境幽静的蒲石路蒲石村（今长乐路399弄）。白天李白外出打短工维持生活，晚上便去房后的小灶间工作。每天深夜十二时至凌晨四时，是李白与延安约定的通报时间。当人们酣睡时，李白挂上双层深色窗帘，将5瓦小支光灯泡蒙上黑布，戴上耳机，按动电键，通过电波架起空中桥梁，及时把延安党中央的指示传达给上海地下党，上报党中央。
盛夏酷暑，门窗紧闭，李白伏身在狭小的如同蒸笼般的灶间通宵达旦工作，衬衣湿透，便光着膀子，裘慧英边擦汗边替他打扇。寒冬腊月，不能生火取暖，就在收发报机旁放杯开水御寒，李白按电键的手指冻得僵硬肿大，每次发完报裘慧英都给他揉搓至发热。在为共同事业奋斗的岁月中，两人萌生了纯洁的爱情。1940年秋，经组织批准，两人结为正式伴侣。
1946年1月19日，李白全家合影于上海
太平洋战争爆发后，日寇占领租界，李白的电台曾数度转移。1942年9月、1945年3月，李白两次被捕，后经党组织营救保释出狱。
抗战胜利后，李白夫妇从浙江回到上海，继续从事党的秘密电台工作。1948年12月30日凌晨，国民党淞沪警备司令部稽查处侦察到秘密电台的方位，大批军警包围了他家所在的黄渡路107弄。正在15号三楼拍发一份标注“十万火急”情报的李白发现动静后，并不慌乱，他首先冷静地将情报报送完，随后用电台发出一组“8873”（我已被敌发现）电码，最后将电码稿撕毁吞下。
被捕后，在敌人严刑拷打下，李白始终严守党的秘密。
1949年5月7日，裘慧英带着不满四岁的儿子在警局见了李白最后一面，当晚，淞沪警备司令部将李白等人秘密押至浦东杀害。这一天恰是李白39岁生日。1958年，以李白为原型的电影《永不消逝的电波》上映后，在全国观众中引起巨大反响。
李白 （忻秉勇画）
Introduction of former residence of LI Bai
The former residence of LI Bai is situated on the ground floor of Building 18 in Alley 339 on Changle Road. Buildings from No.1 to No. 44 in Pushi Village in Alley 339 are of a new alley style named after Pushi Road (now Changle Road).
Built in 1934, it covers an area of 4,080 square meters with a construction area of 7,376 square meters. Totally there are 42 buildings of a three-story structure of brick and wood with one building of two stories and one bungalow. There’s a light awning on the upper of the entrance and a small round window on the right. On the second floor, there are stuccoed exterior walls, pitched roofs, steel windows, hardwood floors and partly large corner windows. The Martyr LI Bai once set up a secret radio station here before, which his son LI Hengsheng confirmed on the phone.
He also recalled that “I used to bring the reporters from CCTV here to shoot a documentary”. According to a staff member in Hongkou District Research Institute of Culture and History, the martyr’s wife QIU Huiying confirmed this place before her death.
Now the residence has been included in the third census list of national cultural relics in Shanghai.
LI Bai (1910-1949) has his ancestral family from Liuyang in Hunan province. In 1925, he participated in the Peasant Movement and then joined the Communist Party of China. In 1930 he joined the Red Army of the Chinese Workers and Farmers and attended the second phase of the telecommunications training courses organized by the Central Revolutionary Base. After that he was engaged in the radio communications work for the Red Army. In 1934, he took part in the Long March as a member of the Central Red Army. During the War against Japanese Invasion, he went to Shanghai and set up a secret radio station. He was once arrested and put to prison by the Japanese invaders. After the victory of the War, he continued to work for the secret radio. He kept secrets of the Party despite the torture after he was arrested in December, 1948. Unfortunately, he was secretly killed in Pudong in Shanghai on May 7, 1949.
On October 10, 1937, LI Bai, with the assumed name LI Xia, arrived in Shanghai from Yan’an to act as a secret radio operator under the appointment of the Central Committee of the CPC. To protect the underground radio station, the CPC arranged QIU Lanfen (renamed QIU Huiying), a 23-year-old silk factory worker and a communist, to disguise herself as LI Bai’s wife in order to support his revolutionary work.
In April 1938, they settled in a quiet place on Pushi Road in Pushi Village in the French Concession (now named Alley 399 on Changle Road) as a “couple”. During the daytime, LI Bai went out and did part-time job to earn a living. As night came, he would go to a tiny kitchen behind the cottage to work. Every day the period from midnight to four o’clock in the morning was the time for him to intercommunicate with Yan’an. When people were in deep sleep, he pulled down double-layer dark curtains and muffled the 5-watt small light bulb with black cloth. Then he put on headphones and pressed the button, transmitting the instructions from Yan’an Central Committee to the Shanghai underground party and passing the important information of Japanese invaders and the puppet government to the CPC through the air bridge set up by radio waves.
It was unbelievably torrid in summer. With doors and windows closed, he worked day and night in the narrow steamer-like kitchen. He would take off shirt since it was all wet and the wife would wipe off the sweat from his face and wave a fan by his side. Since they could not set fire to keep warm even in cold winter, they put a cup of hot water by the transmitter to keep warm. His fingers became frozen and swollen on account of pressing the key for a long term. Each time he finished reporting, she would rub his hands till they became warm. In the years of struggle for the common ideal, the two fell in love for each other. In the fall of 1940, they got married with the approval of the Party organization.
After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese occupied the Concessions. LI Bai moved several times with his radio station. He was arrested twice in September 1942 and March 1945 and later he was bailed out by the CPC.
After the victory of the War against Japanese Invasion, LI Bai and his wife came back to Shanghai from Zhejiang, continuously engaged in Party’s secret radio work. On the early morning of December 30, 1948, the inspection office of the KMT Shanghai Garrison Headquarters detected the location of the secret radio and a large number of police quickly surrounded his home in Alley 107 on Huangdu Road. At that time, LI Bai was sending a message marked “urgent” on the 15th floor. After finding himself in an emergent condition, he persisted in finishing the telegram and finally issued a set of code “8873” (meaning I have been found by the enemy). Then he tore up the pieces of paper and swallowed them before he was arrested.
LI Bai endured great torture, temptation and other tests in prison but he never yielded, which ensured that the Party’s standby radio could be quickly actuated.
On May 7, 1949, the husband and wife met in the police station for the last time with their nearly four years old son. During that night, the Shanghai Garrison Headquarters frog-marched LI Bai and others secretly to Pudong and slaughtered them cruelly. That day happened to be his birthday. In 1958, the film The Eternal Radio Waves based on the life story of LI Bai became a nationwide sensation after hitting the big screen.
信息来源：《200031——一个历史街区的文化记忆》