Python之pip：Python语言中的pip的简介、安装、使用方法之详细攻略
Python之pip：Python语言中的pip的简介、入门、使用方法之详细攻略
pip的简介
pip 是 Python 包管理工具，该工具提供了对Python 包的查找、下载、安装、卸载的功能。目前如果你在 python.org 下载最新版本的安装包，则是已经自带了该工具。 Python 3.4+ 以上版本都自带 pip 工具。pip这个工具，可以很方便的线上安装依赖库，并且，pip还有很多参数都可以帮我们去查询一些库信息
pip官网：https://pypi.org/project/pip/
pip的安装
1、Linux之Ubuntu系统安装pip3
sudo apt install python3-pip
pip的使用方法
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pip：成功解决pip下载时速度超慢的几种方法
1、Find pre-release and development versions, in addition to stable versions. By default, pip only finds stable versions.
$ pip install --pre SomePackage
2、超级权限下载或更新库
pip install --upgrade scipy --use
1、pip命令集合
Usage:
pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
list List installed packages.
show Show information about installed packages.
check Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
config Manage local and global configuration.
search Search PyPI for packages.
wheel Build wheels from your requirements.
hash Compute hashes of package archives.
completion A helper command used for command completion.
help Show help for commands.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort).
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output2、pip参数解释
Options
-r, --requirement <file>
Install from the given requirements file. This option can be used multiple times.
-c, --constraint <file>
Constrain versions using the given constraints file. This option can be used multiple times.
--no-deps
Don't install package dependencies.
--pre
Include pre-release and development versions. By default, pip only finds stable versions.
-e, --editable <path/url>
Install a project in editable mode (i.e. setuptools "develop mode") from a local project path or a VCS url.
-t, --target <dir>
Install packages into <dir>. By default this will not replace existing files/folders in <dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> with new versions.
--user
Install to the Python user install directory for your platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%Python on Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE for full details.)
--root <dir>
Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.
--prefix <dir>
Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level folders are placed
-b, --build <dir>
Directory to unpack packages into and build in. Note that an initial build still takes place in a temporary directory. The location of temporary directories can be controlled by setting the TMPDIR environment variable (TEMP on Windows) appropriately. When passed, build directories are not cleaned in case of failures.
--src <dir>
Directory to check out editable projects into. The default in a virtualenv is "<venv path>/src". The default for global installs is "<current dir>/src".
-U, --upgrade
Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available version. The handling of dependencies depends on the upgrade-strategy used.
--upgrade-strategy <upgrade_strategy>
Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled [default: only-if-needed]. "eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of whether the currently installed version satisfies the requirements of the upgraded package(s). "only-if-needed" - are upgraded only when they do not satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s).
--force-reinstall
Reinstall all packages even if they are already up-to-date.
-I, --ignore-installed
Ignore the installed packages (reinstalling instead).
--ignore-requires-python
Ignore the Requires-Python information.
--no-build-isolation
Disable isolation when building a modern source distribution. Build dependencies specified by PEP 518 must be already installed if this option is used.
--install-option <options>
Extra arguments to be supplied to the setup.py install command (use like --install-option="--install-scripts=/usr/local/bin"). Use multiple --install-option options to pass multiple options to setup.py install. If you are using an option with a directory path, be sure to use absolute path.
--global-option <options>
Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py call before the install command.
--compile
Compile Python source files to bytecode
--no-compile
Do not compile Python source files to bytecode
--no-warn-script-location
Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH
--no-warn-conflicts
Do not warn about broken dependencies
--no-binary <format_control>
Do not use binary packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either :all: to disable all binary packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or more package names with commas between them. Note that some packages are tricky to compile and may fail to install when this option is used on them.
--only-binary <format_control>
Do not use source packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either :all: to disable all source packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or more package names with commas between them. Packages without binary distributions will fail to install when this option is used on them.
--no-clean
Don't clean up build directories).
--require-hashes
Require a hash to check each requirement against, for repeatable installs. This option is implied when any package in a requirements file has a --hash option.
--progress-bar <progress_bar>
Specify type of progress to be displayed [on|ascii|off|pretty|emoji] (default: on)
-i, --index-url <url>
Base URL of Python Package Index (default https://pypi.org/simple). This should point to a repository compliant with PEP 503 (the simple repository API) or a local directory laid out in the same format.
--extra-index-url <url>
Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to --index-url. Should follow the same rules as --index-url.
--no-index
Ignore package index (only looking at --find-links URLs instead).
-f, --find-links <url>
If a url or path to an html file, then parse for links to archives. If a local path or file:// url that's a directory, then look for archives in the directory listing.
--process-dependency-links
Enable the processing of dependency links.3、Anaconda需要用Prompt进行安装库pip
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