超全的!高考英语常考词根词缀汇总,强烈建议收藏

1

后 缀

  • 变名词

(1)-ence,-ance结尾名词:

存在exist-existence

发生occur-occurrence

查阅/参考refer-reference

更喜欢/偏好prefer-preference

不同differ-difference

接受accept-acceptance

出现/外表appear-appearance

履行perform-performance

抵制resist-resistance

指导guide-guidance

进入enter-entrance

保险insure-insurance

帮助assist-assistance

忍受endure-endurance/tolerate-tolerance

(2)-tion,-sion结尾的名词:

生产produce-production

介绍introduce-introduction

消费consume-consumption

减少reduce-reduction

认为/假设assume-assumption/suppose-supposition

毁灭destroy-destruction

描写describe-description

打断interrupt-interruption

采纳/收养adopt-adoption

防止prevent-prevention

接收/接待处receive-reception

解决solve-solution

进化evolve-evolution

建议suggest-suggestion

编辑/版本edit-edition

展览exhibit-exhibition

打算/意图intend-intention

认出recognize-recognition

解释/定义define-definition

保护protect-protection

方向/指导direct-direction

指令instruct-instruction

建设construct-construction

注射inject-injection

感染infect-infection

驳斥reject-rejection

反对object-objection/oppose-opposition

连接connect-connection

收集collect-collection

纠正correct-correction

视察inspect-inspection

挨饿starve-starvation

组织organize-organization

文明civilize-civilization

认知realize-realization

考试examine-examination

决定determine-determination

形成form-formation

通知inform-information

想象imagine-imagination

运输transport-transportation

邀请invite-invitation

期待expect-expectation

诱惑tempt-temptation

改编/适应adapt-adaptation

移民immigrate-immigration

模仿imitate-imitation

准备prepare-preparation

探索explore-exploration

考虑consider-consideration

宣布declare-declaration

装饰decorate-decoration

激发/灵感inspire-inspiration

放松/休闲relax-relaxation

交流communicate-communication

占用/职业occupy-occupation

满足satisfy-satisfaction

申请、应用apply-application

暗示imply-implication

推荐recommend-recommendation

口译、理解interpret-interpretation

结合combine-combination

操作、手术operate-operation

犹豫hesitate-hesitation

教育educate-education

定位locate-location

指出indicate-indication

参加participate-participation

计算calculate-calculation

欣赏、感激appreciate-appreciation

联想、协会associate-association

分离separate-separation

冬眠hibernate-hibernation

赔偿compensate-compensation

调查investigate-investigation

庆祝celebrate-celebration

祝贺congratulate-congratulation

翻译translate-translation

积累accumulate-accumulation

加速accelerate-acceleration

捐赠donate-donation

解放liberate-liberation

动力motivate-motivation

革新innovate-innovation

集中concentrate-concentration

游行、示威demonstrate-demonstration

贡献contribute-contribution

分发distribute-distribution

促进promote-promotion

致力devote-devotion/dedicate-dedication

沮丧frustrate-frustration/depress-depression

印象impress-impression

表达express-expression

拥有、财产possess-possession

讨论discuss-discussion

扩大expand-expansion

延伸extend-extension

承认admit-admission

允许permit-permission

排放emit-emission

爆炸explode-explosion

结论conclude-conclusion

决定decide-decision

划分divide-division

迷惑confuse-confusion

(3)–ment结尾的名词:

广告advertise-advertisement

同意agree-agreement

惊奇amaze-amazement

吃惊astonish-astonishment

通告announce-announcement

安排arrange-arrangement

评估assess-assessment

发展develop-development

失望disappoint-disappointment

雇佣、就业employ-employment

鼓舞encourage-encouragement

款待、娱乐entertain-entertainment

装备equip-equipment

统治、政府govern-government

改进improve-improvement

投资invest-investment

卷入involve-involvement

管理manage-management

惩罚punish-punishment

要求require-requirement

退休retire-retirement

定居settle-settlement

陈述state-statement

对待、招待、治疗treat-treatment

以…….为基础base-basement

人行道pave-pavement

完成

achieve-achievement

accomplish-accomplishment

(4)–ness结尾的名词:

adj.-n.

意识aware-awareness/conscious-consciousness

苦bitter-bitterness

盲目blind-blindness

冷静calm-calmness

聪明clever-cleverness

疯狂crazy-craziness

渴望eager-eagerness

公平fair-fairness

愚蠢foolish-foolishness

适合fit-fitness

幸福、愉快happy-happiness

疾病ill-illness

友好kind-kindness

懒惰lazy-laziness

孤独lonely-loneliness

宁静quiet-quietness

悲伤sad-sadness

严重性serious-seriousness

甜美sweet-sweetness

稳定steady-steadiness

厚度thick-thickness

累tired-tiredness

弱点weak-weakness

冷cold-coldness

紧张nervous-nervousness

思乡homesick-homesickness

粗心careless-carelessness

自私selfish-selfishness

无私selfless-selflessness/unselfish-unselfishness

无助helpless-helplessness

无望hopeless-hopelessness

(5)–age结尾的名词:

婚姻marry-marriage

短缺short-shortage

储存store-storage

包裹pack-package

车厢carry-carriage

通道pass-passage

(6)–th结尾的名词:

温暖warm-warmth

真理true-truth

死亡dead-death

成长grow-growth

(7)–ure结尾的名词:

快乐please-pleasure

离开depart-departure

暴露expose-exposure

压力press-pressure

失败fail-failure

混合mix-mixture

签名sign-signature

(8)–ce结尾的名词:

adj.-n.

缺席absent-absence

出席present-presence

信心confident-confidence

方便convenient-convenience

不同different-difference

勤奋diligent-diligence

远的、距离distant-distance

明显的、证据evident-evidence

优秀excellent-excellence

重要important-importance

独立independent-independence

天真innocent-innocence

智力intelligent-intelligence

公正just-justice

耐心patient-patience

浪漫romantic-romance

沉默silent-silence

暴力violent-violence

v.-n.

冒犯offend-offence

防御defend-defense/defence

建议advise-advice

设施devise-device

(9)–dom结尾的名词:

自由free-freedom

王国king-kingdom

智慧wise-wisdom

(10)–hood结尾的名词

孩童时代childhood

男孩时代boyhood

邻里neighborhood

(11)–ship结尾的名词:

所有权ownership

锦标赛championship

友谊friendship

手艺craftsmanship

奖学金scholarship

领导力leadership

艰难hardship

关系relationship

(12)–ing结尾的名词:

农业farming

变暖warming

园艺gardening

学业schooling

绘画painting

意思meaning

绘画drawing

训练training

录音tape-recording

衣物clothing

感觉feeling

十字路口crossing

工资earnings

问候greeting

储蓄savings

发生的事happenings

发现findings

财产belongings

痛苦sufferings

贡品offerings

环境surroundings

保龄球bowling

举重weight-lifting

射击shooting

摔跤wrestling

  • 变形容词

(1)–y结尾的形容词:

n.-adj.

阳光灿烂的sun-sunny

多雨的rain-rainy

被雪覆盖的snow-snowy

有风的wind-windy

有暴风雪的storm-stormy

寒冷的chill-chilly

多雾的fog-foggy

有霜的frost-frosty

冰冷的ice-icy

阴沉的gloom-gloomy

布满星辰的star-starry

泥泞的mud-muddy

布满灰尘的dust-dusty

脏的dirt-dirty

健康的health-healthy

富有的wealth-wealthy

霸道的boss-bossy

臭的smell-smelly

美味的taste-tasty

咸的salt-salty

皮包骨的skin-skinny

贪婪的greed-greedy

迅速的speed-speedy

棘手的、狡猾的trick-tricky

v.-adj.

爱挑剔的choose-choosy/pick-picky

黏的stick-sticky

悦耳易记的catch-catchy

害怕的scare-scary

滑溜的slip-slippery

(2)-al,-ial结尾的形容词

全球的globe-global

文化的culture-cultural

农业的agriculture-agricultural

情景的situation-situational

有条件的condition-conditional

环境的environment-environmental

化学的chemistry-chemical

医学的medicine-medical

原始的origin-original

政治的politics-political

实际的practice-practical

理论的theory-theoretical

音乐的music-musical

感情的emotion-emotional

国家的nation-national

自然的nature-natural

个人的person-personal

偶尔的occasion-occasional

精神上的mind-mental

身体上的physics-physical

偶然的accident-accidental

教育的education-educational

技术上的technique-technical

心理上的psychology-psychological

沿海的coast-coastal

种族的race-racial

面部的face-facial

工业的industry-industrial

金融的finance-financial

商业的commerce-commercial

官方的office-official

有益的benefit-beneficial

典型的type-typical

有影响的influence-influential

(3)-ful,-less结尾的形容词

感激的thank-thankful=grateful

充足的plenty-plentiful

美丽的beauty-beautiful

成功的success-successful

可怕的awe-awful

忠实的faith-faithful

和平的peace-peaceful

高兴的joy-joyful/cheer-cheerful=enjoyable

非常干净的spot-spotless

无休止的end-endless

无家可归的home-homeless

无工作的job-jobless=unemployed

身无分文的penny-penniless

无私的self-selfless=unselfish

无目标的aim-aimless

无线的wire-wireless

无限的limit-limitless

珍贵的/无价的price-priceless=invaluable

毫无价值的value-valueless/worth-worthless

无语的speech-speechless

上气不接下气的breath-breathless

小心的,粗心的care-careful,careless

多彩的,无色的color-colorful,colorless

有用的,无用的use-useful,useless

成果丰硕的,无成效的fruit-fruitful,fruitless

强大的,无能力的power-powerful,powerless

有意义的,无意义的 meaning-meaningful

meaningless=pointless=senseless

痛苦的,不痛的pain-painful,painless

后悔的,无悔的 regret-regretful,regretless

有害的,无害的harm-harmful,harmless

闲适宁静的,躁动不安的 rest-restful,restless

优雅的,粗鲁的grace-graceful,graceless

抱有希望的,无望的 hope-hopeful,hopeless

有帮助的/愿意帮忙的,无助的 help-helpful,helpless

考虑周到的/不周到的 thought-thoughtful,thoughtless

(4)-(i)ous结尾的形容词

n.-adj.

许多的number-numerous

多山的mountain-mountainous

冒险的adventure-adventurous

紧张的nerve-nervous

有毒的poison-poisonous

危险的danger-dangerous

灾难的disaster-disastrous

小心的caution-cautious

营养的nutrition-nutritious

宗教的religion-religious

宽敞的space-spacious

有抱负的ambition-ambitious

神秘的mystery-mysterious

(5)-able,-(s)ible结尾的形容词

(不)可预见的predict-(un)predictable

(不)可避免的avoid-(un)avoidable

(不)可忘的forget-(un)forgettable

(不)想要的desire-(un)desirable

(不)舒服的comfort-(un)comfortable

有(不)利的favor-(un)favorable

(不)合适的suit-(un)suitable

(不)可忍受的bear-(un)bearable

(不)可忍受的endure-(un)endurable

(不)可信的believe-(un)believable

(不)可信的credit-(in)credible

(不)可接近的access-(in)accessible

看(不)见的view-(in)visible

(不)可治愈的cure-(in)curable

支付得起的afford-affordable

适应力强的adapt-adaptable

可更新的renew-renewable

便携的port-portable

多变的change-changeable

可吃的eat-eatable

可依靠的rely-reliable

可行的work-workable

有价值的value-valuable

合理的reason-reasonable

高兴的enjoy-enjoyable

流行的fashion-fashionable

(6)-tive结尾的形容词:

v.-adj

多产的produce-productive

迷人的attract-attractive

有创造力的create-creative

保护的protect-protective

预防性的prevent-preventive

健谈的talk—talkative

可共替代的alter-alternative

相关的relate-relative

有教育意义的instruct-instructive

有竞争力的compete-competitive

n.-adj

有效的effect-effective

贵的expense-expensive

(7)-tic,-fic结尾的形容词

系统的system-systematic

科学的science-scientific

戏剧般的drama-dramatic

浪漫的romance-romantic

有同情心的sympathy-sympathetic

精力充沛的energy-energetic

(8)-en结尾的形容词:

羊毛的wool-woolen

金色的gold-golden

木制的wood-wooden

(9)以-some结尾的形容词

英俊的hand—handsome

令人惊叹的awe-awesome

令人烦恼的trouble-troublesome

烦人的tire-tiresome

(10)-ly结尾的形容词:

致命的dead-deadly

活跃的live-lively

友好的friend-friendly

兄弟般的brother-brotherly

有次序的order-orderly

昂贵的cost-costly

每月的month-monthly

每天的day-daily

  • 变动词

(1)-fy结尾的动词:

净化pure-purify

简化simple-simplify

美化beautiful-beautify

使合理化just-justify

使恐惧terrible-terrify

使震惊horrible-horrify

合格化quality-qualify

分类class—classify

认出identity-identify

adj.-v.

认识到real-realize

使现代化modern-modernize

使工业化industrial-industrialize

使普及popular-popularize

集权central-centralize

使全球化global-globalize

使理想化ideal-idealize

使稳定stable-stabilize

使正常化normal-normalize

社会化social-socialize

使专门化special-specialize

n.-v.

使物质化material-materialize

总结summary-summarize

记忆memory-memorize

(2)-en结尾的动词:

变暗dark-darken

加快quick-quicken

削尖sharp-sharpen

削弱weak-weaken

松开loose-loosen

变紧tight-tighten

软化soft-soften

使更明亮bright-brighten

恶化bad-worsen

减少little-lessen

减轻/变亮light-lighten

变黑black-blacken

加宽broad-broaden

缩短short-shorten

Adj.-n….-v.

加深deep-depth-deepen

加长long-length-lengthen

加宽wide-width-widen

加高high-height-heighten

加强strong-strength-strengthen

(3)—e结尾的动词(注意发音变化):

n.-v.

洗澡bath-bathe

呼吸breath-breathe

给……穿衣cloth-clothe

2

前缀

超过over-

无意中听到overhear

超过overtake

睡过头oversleep

推翻overthrow/overturn

人口过剩overpopulation

克服overcome

忽略/俯视overlook

重新re-

康复/找回recover

脱(衣服等)/移开remove

续借/更换/续签renew

回收利用recycle

替代replace

使恢复精力refresh

改革reform

复习review

前的pre-

前提precondition

预告predict

战前的prewar

幼儿园preschool

预演preview

前的ex-

前妻ex-wife

前总统ex-president

后的post-

战后的post-war

研究生postgraduate

多的multi-

多媒体multimedia

多元文化的multicultural

多项选择的multiple-choice

远的tele-

电话telephone

电视television

电报telegram

电信telecommunications

望远镜telescope

相互的inter-

面试interview

国际的international

互联网internet

相互作用interact

微小的micro-

麦克风microphone

微波microwave

微软microsoft

显微镜microscope

自动的auto-

汽车automobile

自传autobiography

亲笔签名autograph

自动地automatically

副的vice-

副总统vice-president

副总理vice-premier

生态的eco-

生态学ecology

生态系统ecosystem

生态友好的eco-friendly

潜/次一级sub-

潜意识subconscious

亚热带的subtropical

地铁subway

潜水艇submarine

郊区的suburban

副标题subtitle

半semi-

办熟练semi-skilled

半决赛semi-final

三tri-

三轮车tricycle

三角形triangle

横跨trans-

转移transfer

转变transform

传播transmit

移植transplant

3

否定的前缀或后缀

in-,im-/il-,ir-

不活跃的inactive

不贵的inexpensive

缺乏经验的inexperienced

随便的informal

不完整的incomplete

不方便的inconvenient

独立的independent

间接的indirect

不重要的insignificant

无能力的incapable/incompetent

不合适的improper/inappropriate

不精确的inaccurate/incorrect/inexact

不充足的inadequate/insufficient

不成熟的immature

不耐烦的impatient

不完美的imperfect

不可能的impossible

不礼貌的impolite

不合逻辑的illogical

不合法的illegal

不规则的irregular

不负责的irresponsible

un-

不寻常的unusual

不安的uneasy

不公平的unfair/unjust

不知道的unaware/unconscious

不确定的Uncertain

不受欢迎的unpopular

不普通的uncommon

不愉快的unpleasant

不重要的unimportant

不必要的unnecessary

不成功的unsuccessful

没被注意unnoticed

不整洁的untidy

不合理的unreasonable

未完成的unfinished/undone

脱衣undress

打开unfold

卸车unload

开……的锁unlock

解冻unfreeze

出土/挖掘unearth

拧开uncover

解开undo/unpack

揭露uncover

dis-

消失disappear

不鼓励discourage

揭露disclose

发现discover

不同意disagree

不同意disapprove

不服从disobey

不诚实的dishonest

不满意的dissatisfied

可耻的disgraceful

弱点disadvantage

絮乱disorder

mis-

误导(v.)mislead

误导的(adj.)misleading

误解(v.)misunderstand

滥用misuse

误解(n.)misunderstanding

拼错misspell

不信任mistrust

anti-

防空的anti-aircraft

防冻剂antifreeze

抗日战争Anti-JapaneseWar

反社会的antisocial

de-

降级degrade

减少decrease

贬值devalue

解冻defrost

毁林deforestation

ill-

虐待ill-treat

信息不足的ill-informed

不礼貌的ill-mannered

不合时宜的ill-timed

不合适的ill-fitting

没教养的ill-bred

考虑欠周的ill-considered

不健康的illhealth

non-

非营利的non-profit

直达的non-stop

不吸烟者non-smoker

防滑的non-slip

废话nonsense

非暴力non-violence

不可再生资源non-renewableresources

-free

无忧无虑的carefree

无利息的interest-free

免税的duty-free

-proof

防水的waterproof

防震的shockproof

4

合成

合成形容词

(1)adj.+present participle

漂亮的good-looking

闻着芳香的sweet-smelling

随和的easy-going

长相一般的ordinary-looking

(2)adv.+present participle

永久的ever-lasting

职位高的high-ranking

畅销货best-selling goods=bestseller

(3)adv.+past participle

著名的well-known

新婚的 newly-married

本地制造的locally-produced

坚信的firmly-believed

密切相关的closely-related

广泛接受的 widely-accepted

穿着随意的informally-dressed

容易形成的easily-formed

牢固的 strongly-built

高度发达的highly-developed

人口稠密的 densely-populated

正式发行的officially-released

正式承认的officially-recognized

(4)n.+present participle

省时的time-saving

耗能的energy-consuming

爱好和平的peace-loving

制片的film-making

伤心的heart-breaking

令人惊叹的breathtaking

说英语的English-speaking

解决问题的problem-solving

令人垂涎的 mouth-watering

赢利的profit-making

(5)n.+past participle

国营的state-owned

由衷的 heartfelt

人造的 man-made

覆盖雪的snow-covered

粗糙的 weather-beaten

国产的home-made

一贫如洗的 poverty-stricken

好奇心驱使的curiosity-driven

个体经营的self-employed

政府支持的 government-backed

(6)n.+adj.

环保的environment-friendly=environmentally friendly

节能的energy-efficient

有成本效益的cost-effective

(7)adj.+n.+-ed

心不在焉的absent-minded

心地善良的kind-hearted

目光短浅的short-sighted

近视的near-sighted

左撇子的left-handed

头发花白的white-haired

长尾巴的long-tailed

和蔼可亲的good-natured

脾气坏的bad-tempered

思想开明的open-minded

狭隘的narrow-minded

头脑简单的simple-minded

有空调的air-conditioned

(8)n.+-ed

详细的detail—detailed

有经验的experience—experienced

有天赋的gift—gifted/talent—talented

有技能的skill—skilled

合成名词

缺点drawback 

框架framework

人类 mankind

发源地birthplace

壁炉 fireplace

木柴 firewood

标志性建筑landmark

手电筒flashlight

车前灯headlight

床上用品 bedclothes

日光daylight

白天daytime

晚间 night-time

总部/总公司 headquarters

拂晓 sunrise

傍晚 sunset

阳光 sunshine

城市商业区 downtown

小山坡 hillside

合作teamwork

瀑布 waterfall

降雨量 rainfall

视力eyesight

薄饼pancake

仓库warehouse

软件software

硬件 hardware

草地grassland

农田farmland

大陆mainland

祖国homeland

家乡 hometown

笔记本 notebook

台式电脑 desktop

手提电脑 laptop

立场 standpoint

邮递员 postman/mailman

电子邮箱 mailbox

行李箱 suitcase

公文包 briefcase

键盘 keyboard

滑板 skateboard

滑雪板snowboard

冲浪板 surfboard

摩托车 motorcycle

彩虹 rainbow

海岸线 coastline

截止日期 deadline

准则 guideline

标题 headline

雷暴 thunderstorm

航空公司airport

飞机场 airfield

航空母舰aircraft carrier

暴风雪 snowstorm

宇宙飞船 spacecraft/spaceship

航班 airline

野外考察 fieldwork

烟灰缸 ashtray

茶壶 teapot

牙刷toothbrush

战时wartime

军舰 warship

周工作日 weekday

周末 weekend

车间 workshop

野生动植物 wildlife

沙尘暴 sandstorm

泥石流mudslide

书架 bookshelf

数据库 database

高速公路 freeway/expressway/motorway

地铁underground/subway/metro/tube

鸡尾酒 cocktail

庭院courtyard

墓地graveyard

手指甲 fingernail

明信片 postcard

观点viewpoint

飞机aircraft/aeroplane

书虫 bookworm

蚕 silkworm

蚯蚓 earthworm

蝴蝶 butterfly

蜻蜓 dragonfly

萤火虫firefly

花生peanut

板栗 chestnut

核桃walnut

椰子 coconut

突破 breakthrough

外卖食物 take-away

聚会 get-together

化妆品 make-up

机构 set-up

瞭望台 lookout

收银台 checkout

体检 check-up

中间人 go-between

成年人grown-up

儿媳daughter-in-law

温室greenhouse

行踪 whereabouts

故障breakdown

倒计时 countdown

密码password

关键词keyword

养育 upbringing

爆发 outbreak(break out)

衰败 downfall(fall down)

收入 income(come in)

结果 outcome(come out)

旁观者 onlooker(look on)

输入input(put in)

输出/产量output(put out)

出口 outlet(let out)

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