日本住宅生产的工业化和信息化进程及对OPENBIM的期待
Hello everyone, and thank you to give me a chance to presentation in this meeting.
大家好，感谢大家给我一个在这次会议上发言的机会。
I’m Masaki Muto from Building Research Institute in Japan.
我是日本建筑研究所的武藤正木。
I’d like to talk about “Industrialization and informatization process of housing production in Japan and expectation for OPENBIM”
我想谈谈“日本住宅生产的工业化和信息化进程及对OPENBIM的期待”
This is today’s topics.
这就是今天的主题。
The 1st topic is practical cases to improve productivity and quality of housing production in Japan before BIM.
第一个主题是在BIM出现之前提高日本住宅生产效率和质量的实际案例。
As you know, Japanese housing manufacturer tried productivity and quality improvement by prefabrication from 1960’s that is the rapid growth era in Japan. That initiative made a result of appearing large housing industry companies.
如你所知，日本的房屋制造商尝试了生产力和质量提高预制从60年代那是快速增长的时代在日本。这一举措的结果是出现了大型房地产公司。
As the times advanced, in the 2000s, information technology is well developed and is used easily by every people. Under the such underground, small housing builder tried to productivity and quality improvement of their works by using IT.
随着时代的发展，在21世纪的头十年，信息技术得到了很好的发展，并且很容易被每个人使用。在这样的地下，小型房屋建筑商试图利用它来提高工作效率和质量。
I’ll show you these cases in this presentation.
我将在这次演讲中展示这些案例。
The 2nd topic is expectation for OPEN BIM.
第二个话题是开放式BIM的期望。
Japan had already such achievement before appearing BIM, so the motivation of BIM implement on their work are spoiled or shrinked in Japanese housing industries, I think. I’ll talk about expectation and concern for OPEN BIM technology under the such background.
日本在BIM出现之前就已经取得了这样的成就，所以我认为在日本住宅行业BIM在他们工作上实施的动力被破坏了或者缩水了。我将谈谈在这样的背景下对开放式BIM技术的期待和关注。
At first, I‘ll talk about Practical cases to improve productivity and quality of housing production in Japan before BIM
首先，我会讲一些在BIM出现之前在日本提高房屋生产效率和质量的实际案例
And about Productivity and quality improvement of prefabricated housing developed after the rapid growth era in Japan, …
以及日本快速增长后发展起来的装配式住宅的生产力和质量改进，…
This note is the survey report by Dr. Togo, he is former CEO of Daiwa house Industry Co. Ltd,. that is colleagues of JUDANREN, published by National Museum of Nature and Science.
这是多哥博士的调查报告，他是大和房屋工业有限公司的前任CEO。这是JUDANREN的同事们发表在国家自然科学博物馆上的文章。
He is marked that Japan is the only country to get the primary new method for building low-rise detached houses by prefabrication.
他指出，日本是唯一一个采用预制方法建造低层独立住宅的国家。
And he also indicated that the prefabricated method has the system that values performance and quality.
他还指出，预制法具有重视性能和质量的体系。
This is the case of such system as you already know, Sekisui House’s 3D CAD System that established in 1972.
这是一个你们已经知道的系统的例子，Sekisui House的3D CAD系统建立于1972年。
Sekisui House is one of the major housing industry company in Japan, other housing industry companies that join JUDANREN also have similar system of Couse. I’d like to say in this slide, Japan companies were already got the integrated system of imfoematized housing design and consruction system as same as BIM is nowadays.
Sekisui House是日本主要的住宅行业公司之一，其他加盟柔道的住宅行业公司也有类似的Couse系统。在这张幻灯片中我想说的是，日本公司已经有了像现在的BIM一样的模式化住宅设计和建筑系统的集成系统。
The system is established not only software environment but also proper supply chain.
该系统不仅建立了软件环境，而且建立了合适的供应链。
In the Prefabricated housing production, the structural or wall systems, using parts were designated to their original system, and Project and Logistics managements is operated under the closed Data Base.
在预制房屋生产中，结构或墙体系统、使用部件被指定为其原始系统，项目和物流管理在封闭的数据库下运行。
This closed environment is secure their Quality Assurance, so building authority certificate these systems, the system get an advantage over conventional housing production.
这种封闭的环境是安全的，他们的质量保证，所以建筑权威认证这些系统，这个系统比传统的房屋生产有优势。
The closed system is not only good thing. They have a necessity to maintain a huge amount of model data with the company’s responsibility. This situation occurs form e difference of life between information model and real housing element. The real celling light has 20 years life, for example, if maintain the information of this light until the end of real life, because of information life is not longer than real life, so huge effort is required to maintain information traceability guarantee.
封闭系统不仅是好东西。他们需要在公司的责任下维护大量的模型数据。这种情况是从生活信息模型与真实住房要素的差异中产生的。例如，真实的屋顶灯有20年的寿命，如果将这盏灯的信息保持到真实寿命的尽头，因为信息寿命并不比真实寿命长，所以要保持信息的可追溯性保证就需要付出巨大的努力。
Approach to productivity and quality improvement of conventional housing production by information technology in 2000's
2000年信息技术提高传统房屋生产效率和质量的方法
This case is an approach executed by Kagoshima Kenchiku Ichiba. Kagoshima is the souse-east end part of Japan well known for Sakurajima volcano and hot spa area. Ichiba means the market. Kagoshima Kenchiku ichiba oriented open market of procurement for building resources..
这个案例是鹿儿岛Kenchiku Ichiba执行的一种方法。鹿儿岛是日本东南端，以樱岛火山和温泉闻名。Ichiba就是市场。鹿儿岛Kenchiku一场面向开放的建筑资源采购市场。
Kagoshima kenchiku ichiba has 5 aims as shown;
鹿儿岛kenchiku ichiba有5个目标，如图所示;
1.
Reduction of accumulated costs by outsourcing by using the CAD center for making volumes, making estimates, and integrating.
利用CAD中心进行量产、估算和集成，通过外包减少累计成本。
2.
Cost reduction through joint ordering, and maintaining quality by securing stable orders.
通过联合订货降低成本，通过稳定的订单保证质量。
3.
Reduction of management cost by network process management
通过网络进程管理降低管理成本
4.
Improve quality of housing performance by making process control transparent.
通过透明的过程控制来提高房屋性能的质量。
5.
Reduce advertising costs and increase opportunities for orders by the joint virtual show space on the Web.
通过网络上的联合虚拟展示空间，降低广告成本，增加订单机会。
This figure shows the diagrams of Kagoshima Kenchiku Ichiba‘s working procedure.
图为鹿儿岛Kenchiku Ichiba的工作流程图。
Kagoshima Kenchiku Ichiba’s Key is the CAD Center as Data Certer of itself.
鹿儿岛Kenchiku Ichiba的关键是CAD中心本身作为数据中心。
Home builders engaged kagoshima kenchiku ichiba share the Design CAD system like as Saas which mean Software as a service system,
住宅建筑商参与鹿儿岛kenchiku ichiba将设计CAD系统共享为Saas，即软件即服务系统，
Cad Center has a openbook for procurement of building material or laboowork, Cad center executes schedule and cost controle like as 4D and 5D BIM function.
Cad中心有一个建筑材料或材料采购的开本，Cad中心像4D和5D BIM功能一样执行进度和成本控制。
And Cad Center controlled also synchronized delivery.
和Cad中心控制，也同步交付。
Furturemore, Web cam is setteled at construction site, 24hours 7days monitoring is done in order to make sure its construction work quality.
此外，在施工现场设置网络摄像头，进行24小时7天的监测，以保证其施工质量。
The whole system is implement under intranet environment, and they were worked as one virtual enterprise.
整个系统是在内部网环境下实现的，它们作为一个虚拟企业运行。
One important thing of this system is that this system is Integrated Design & Production System by combining commercial Software and IT.
本系统的一个重要特点是，本系统是商业软件与IT相结合的集成设计与生产系统。
This is the face page of The Gemba katoku DB. It looks very simple and unbearable as you think so.
这是首页。它看起来非常简单和难以忍受，正如你所想的那样。
Unfortunately, Kagoshia kenchiku ichiba system did not last long.
不幸的是，Kagoshia kenchiku ichiba系统并没有持续太久。
The reasons of end of the system are 2points as Dr Shiino said.
就像Shiino博士说的，这个系统终结的原因有两点。
1st reason is a lack of recognition of customer, in other words, failure of marketing.
Dr. Shiino said that….
第一个原因是缺乏对客户的认可，换句话说就是营销的失败。
Shiino博士说…
The 2nd reason is Increase of burden due to expansion of construction market because of self build systems.
Dr. Shiino also said that..
第二个原因是自建系统扩大了建筑市场，增加了负担。
It did not have the financial ability to hold it until it got on track.
In the process that the “KenchikuIchiba" that began in Kagoshima expanded with Osaka, Kumamoto, Aichi, Fukushima, Shizuoka, Kochi, Hiroshima and Hyogo, it was noticeable to the regional diversity of needs for housing it is. Although It was doing its utmost to respond to that, it was a heavy business launch.
Shiino博士还说…
Kagoshima Kenchiku Ichiba system is baned, but the success of this system encouraged other parties,. After that, many similar system or service environment appeared, and that contributes to the quality and productivity improvement of conventional wooden houses. In these days, some uses BIM instead of CAD, too.
鹿儿岛Kenchiku Ichiba系统被禁止，但是这个系统的成功鼓励了其他政党。在此之后，出现了许多类似的系统或服务环境，这有助于提高传统木屋的质量和生产力。在这些日子里，一些人也使用BIM来代替CAD。
Any way, Let go the next topic the expectation for OPEN BIM.
不管怎样，让我们放下下一个话题——对开放BIM的期望。
There are common expectation for BIM as showing I think.
我认为对BIM有共同的期望。
·
Cost reduction of software environment improvement by using commercial software
使用商业软件降低软件成本，改善软件环境
·
Improve operability of acquisition and maintenance of model data by open format
提高开放格式模型数据获取和维护的可操作性
·
Acceleration of technology development speed, Improvement of early applicability of new technology
加快技术发展速度，提高新技术的早期适用性
E.g. VDC, DfMA, AI, IoT, xR(VR, AR, MR) on Open BIM Platform
如开放BIM平台上的VDC、DfMA、AI、IoT、xR(VR、AR、MR)
These issues are under discussing on buildingSMAT that is organization for standardization of OPEN BIM. To provide efficeant developing environment by using OPEN BIM is strongly common expectation of all scale housing industry I bereave.
这些问题正在讨论建筑标准，即开放式BIM的标准化组织。利用开放式BIM提供有效的开发环境，是各规模住宅行业的强烈共同期望。
It is also a matter of concern for OPEN BIM.
这也是开放式BIM需要关注的问题。
Ist concern is that “Does CDE replace Integrated Design & Production System already developed?”
首先担心的是“CDE会取代已经开发的集成设计和生产系统吗?”