要深入理解，洞察冥想是什么，必须运用理性
First of all, I would like to point out, in matters of the spirit one should never follow anybody.
首先，我想指出的是，在心灵问题上，永远不要跟随任何人。
One must be wholly and completely a light to oneself.
一个人必须完全彻底地作自己的光。
That is the fundamental state, fundamental reality, if one wants to go very, very deeply into meditation; that there is no authority, that one must be completely, totally self-reliant, which doesn't mean that one is vain, full of confidence.
那是基本的状态，基本的真实，如果你想非常非常深入地进入冥想；没有权威，一个人必须完全、完全自力更生，这并不意味着一个人虚荣、充满自信。
On the contrary, to find out what meditation is there must be a great sense of humility, a sense of not knowing.
相反，要找出冥想是什么，必须有一种极大的谦卑感，一种不知道的感觉。
But unfortunately, both in this country and in other countries, this word 'meditation' has spread.
但不幸的是，无论是在这个国家还是在其他国家，“冥想”这个词都已传播开来。
Here, it is an accepted normal thing and in Europe and America, meditation has been imported, and the importers are rather mischievous people, they don't know what it means, but everybody is practicing meditation.
这里，这是公认的正常的事情，在欧美，冥想是进口的，进口的都是比较淘气的人，他们不知道它是什么意思，但大家都在练习冥想。
Once we were walking on the beach in California.
有一次我们在加利福尼亚的海滩上散步。
There were a boy and a girl in the distance.
远处有一个男孩和一个女孩。
As we passed they recognised us.
当我们经过时，他们认出了我们。
They walked beside us and presently they said, 'Let's sit down and meditate, if you will'.
他们走在我们旁边，很快他们就说，“如果你愿意的话，让我们坐下来冥想吧”。
And I said, what do you mean by that word.
我说，你这个词是什么意思。
'Oh, just think about things, concentrate, look at the wind and the beauty of the branch or the waves', and practice something which they had been told.
'哦，想想一些事物，集中注意力，看看风和树枝或波浪的美丽'，并练习一些他们被告知的东西。
For most of us meditation is really something we don't know.
对于我们大多数人来说，冥想真的是我们不知道的东西。
If we could, you and I, this evening, start with that.
如果我们可以，你和我，今晚，从这个开始。
Don't let's be pretentious.
让我们不要自命不凡。
Don't let's say, 'Yes, we do know, we have practiced, we have followed a system, we want to achieve some enlightenment, some glory, some happiness, something beyond and therefore we must sit quietly, close our eyes, breathe in a certain way', and so on and on and on and on.
不要让我们说，'是的，我们知道，我们已经实践过，我们遵循了一个体系，我们想要获得一些启示，一些自豪，一些快乐，一些超越的东西，因此我们必须安静地坐着，闭上眼睛，以某种方式呼吸'，等等，等等。
But if we could this evening, if we are at all serious, start with not knowing a thing about it.
但是，如果我们今晚可以，如果我们是认真的，请从对此一无所知开始。
There is great beauty in not knowing.
不知道是一种伟大的美。
I do not know if you have ever gone into that question at all - not knowing.
我不知道你是否曾经讨论过这个问题——不知道。
Not about biology and mathematics, history and archaeology and science and all that, but essentially, inwardly, not knowing.
不是关于生物学和数学、历史、考古学和科学等等，而是本质上，在内在，不知道。
And that gives to the mind a quality of great humility, and it is only the mind that is totally humble, not in words but in actuality, it's only such a mind can understand very deeply what is involved in meditation.
这给了心一种非常谦卑的品质，只有心是完全谦卑的，不是在言语上而是在实际中，只有这样的心才能非常深刻地理解冥想所涉及的内容。
So if we could this evening, at all serious, put aside everything that you have heard about it, if you can, and rather doubtful because it's become a habit - the puja room, the meditation room, the set time in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, to shut your eyes and repeat something or other, probably slogans which are called mantras.
所以，如果我们今晚可以，认真地把你听说过的所有事情放在一边，如果你可以的话，那是相当值得怀疑的，因为它已经成为一种习惯——法会室、冥想室、在早上，下午，晚上，闭上眼睛，重复一些或其他的东西，可能是被称为咒语的口号。
If we could abandon all that and start together to see, understand, have an insight into what meditation is, then we will see that it covers the whole of life, not a part of life but the whole of life, the whole days of our living.
如果我们能够放弃这一切，一起开始看、理解、洞察冥想是什么，那么我们将看到它涵盖了整个生命，不是生命的一部分，而是整个生命，我们的整个日常生活。
To go into it one must exercise reason.
要深入其中，必须运用理性。
You exercise reason when you are earning a livelihood, when you have to do some job, when you have to carry out a certain task.
当你谋生时，当你必须做一些工作时，当你必须执行某项任务时，你会锻炼理性。
Reason is the capacity to think sanely and logically, to think clearly, coherently.
理性是理智和逻辑地思考，清晰、一致地思考的能力。
(Pause) At last.
（停顿）最后
It is very important that our minds observe rationally, otherwise we will go along the paths of illusion, caught up in some romantic, fanciful nonsense and then call that meditation.
理性地观察很重要，否则我们会走上幻觉的道路，陷入一些浪漫的、想象出来的胡说八道，然后称之为冥想。
But if we could exercise sanity; sanity being a perception of the whole of life, everyday life, and live a life which is meditative all the days of our life.
但如果我们能保持理智；理智是对整个生活、日常生活的感知，并且在我们一生的每一天都过着冥想的生活。
And not to be caught in illusions, fanciful visions, we must exercise the capacity, which we have when you do something or other in an office, when you want to earn a livelihood, we must exercise reason, logically, sanely, when we are considering spiritual matters.
不陷入幻想，想象，我们必须行使能力，当你在办公室做某事或其他事情时，当你想谋生时，我们必须行使理性，逻辑，理智，当我们正在考虑灵性的事情。
If I can use that word 'spiritual' without becoming rather gooey and sentimental.
如果我可以使用“灵性”这个词而不会变得很粘糊糊和非理性的话。
So, what is meditation?
那么，什么是冥想？
Don't tell me, I am asking you.
别告诉我，我在问你。
If I ask you, you will have ready answers, learnt from others, gathered from books or from some guru - you already know what meditation is.
如果我问你，你会有现成的答案，从别人那里学到的，从书本上或从一些大师那里收集的——你已经知道什么是冥想。
But if you don't know - and you don't know, because all that you know is what you have been told - that you must meditate, you must sit this way, you will practice, do this, that and the other, ten different things - you'll never find out.
但是如果你不知道——而且你不知道，因为你所知道的只是你被告知的——你必须冥想，你必须这样打坐，你会练习，做这个，那个和其他，十种不同的东西——你永远不会有所发现。
You will never know actually the extraordinary thing that actually takes place when there is real meditation.
当真正的冥想时，你永远不会知道真正发生的非凡的事情。
So you have to abandon, not verbally but actually, all that you have been told about it, all that you have practiced because there you have not exercised reason.
所以你必须放弃，不是口头上的，而是实际上，你被告知的所有东西，你已经练习的所有内容，因为在那里你没有运用理性。
You have only - you have been led by hope, by fear, by achieving something or other which you have read about or have been told about.
你只是被希望、被恐惧、被去实现你读过或被告知的某事或其他事情所引导。
So you actually, in reality, don't know a thing about it.
所以实际上，你真的对此一无所知。
I wish you and I could start that way.
我希望你和我可以这样开始。
Look, when you learn a language, you know nothing about it.
看，当你学习一门语言时，你对它一无所知。
You don't come to it pretentiously.
你没有装腔作势。
You don't say, 'Well, I have practiced, I have studied', I have this, I have that.
你不要说，'好吧，我已经练习过，我已经学习过'，我有这个，我有那个。
You come to it not knowing and you learn enormously.
你在不知道的情况下学习，从中学到了很多东西。
And if you could come to this question not knowing a thing about it, so that your mind is fresh, eager, curious, capable of reasoning, then we can go together very, very deeply into it.
如果你能在对这个问题一无所知的情况下提出这个问题，让你的头脑保持新鲜、渴望、好奇、推理的能力，那么我们可以一起非常非常深入地研究它。
Because the word 'meditation' means to ponder over, ponder over something, think over something, give attention, care.
因为“冥想”这个词的意思是深思，深思某事，思考某事，给予关注，关心。
The word means that.
这个词就是这个意思。
And to understand the beauty of meditation there must be space.
并且要了解冥想的美，必须有空间。
Please listen, don't deny, accept, play with words, just listen.
请注意听，不要否认，不要接受，玩弄文字，只是听。
We said there must be space.
我们说必须有空间。
We have no space.
我们没有空间。
The world is exploding with population.
世界人口爆炸式增长。
If you walk down any of the streets in Madras you will see that there is no space.
如果你走在马德拉斯的任何一条街道上，你会发现没有空间。
People are living in small houses, huts, crowded.
人们住在小房子里，小屋里，拥挤不堪。
And that crowd, that lack of space makes people violent, irritated, angry.
那群人，缺乏空间使人们变得暴力，烦躁，愤怒。
And equally we have no space in our minds, in our hearts.
同样，我们的头脑中，我们的心中也没有空间。
They are crowded, filled with ideas, conclusions, beliefs, hopes, despairs and ambitions and so on - filled with a traditional activity, with a lot of ceremonies that are so meaningless.
它们被挤满了，充满了想法、结论、信念、希望、绝望和野心等等——充满了传统的活动，充满了许多毫无意义的仪式。
And space is necessary.
而且空间是必要的。
Space is necessary to reason.
空间是理性所必需的。
Space is necessary for freedom so that one can see something new.
空间是自由所必需的，这样人才能看到新的东西。
And having no space, the brain, if I may be a little concerned about this matter, the brain cells - you can observe it in yourself, if you will.
没有空间，大脑，如果我可以关注这个，脑细胞 - 如果你愿意，你可以自己观察。
I am not a... the speaker is not a professional, he hasn't read a book about all these things.
我不是一个...演讲者不是专业人士，他没有读过关于所有这些事情的书。
He doesn't want to read about them because you can find out the whole business of living and meditation, everything if you know yourself.
他不想阅读它们，因为如果您了解自己，您就可以了解生活和冥想的全部内容。
The brain cells are the storehouse of knowledge.
脑细胞是知识的仓库。
They can add to themselves more cells in learning, and that's the way the brain cells evolve.
他们可以在学习中为自己添加更多的细胞，这就是脑细胞演化的方式。
I won't go too deeply into the matter.
我不会太深入这个问题。
And when the brain has no space, that is the conscious space, and also when we use the word 'conscious' there is also the unconscious - when the conscious brain has no space, then it seeks escapes, wanting space.
当大脑没有空间时，那就是有意识的空间，当我们使用“有意识”这个词时，也有无意识——当有意识的大脑没有空间时，它就会寻求逃避，想要空间。
It needs space.
它需要空间。
We need air, and if there is no air, no space, thought seeks out space in some belief, in some ideas, in some conclusion.
我们需要空气，如果没有空气，没有空间，思想就会在某些信念、某些想法和某些结论中寻找空间。
You are following?
你跟上了吗？
So space is necessary and space can only come about naturally when you use the mind logically, rationally, sanely and see the limits of reason.
所以空间是必要的，只有当你逻辑地、理性地、理智地使用头脑并看到理性的局限时，空间才能自然而然地出现。
After all, rationality means the capacity to think objectively, not personally, not for personal profit, not according to a certain pattern of belief or ideas, conclusions, but to think clearly, objectively, sanely, which means healthily, such capacity gives a great deal of security, not only outwardly but inwardly.
毕竟，理性意味着客观思考的能力，不是个人的，不是为了个人利益，不是按照某种信念或想法、结论的模式，而是清晰、客观、理智地思考，这意味着健康，这种能力赋予极大的安全感，不仅是外在，也是内在。
Then you have nothing to be afraid of, you can think logically.
那你就没什么好怕的了，你可以理性思考。
And when we are... go into this matter of meditation, which is very complex, which needs a great sensitivity to understand, and to understand, to have an insight, the mind must be free and have space to look and not have it crowded.
当我们......进入冥想这个问题时，它非常复杂，需要极大的敏感性来理解，要理解，要有洞察力，头脑必须是自由的，有空间去看而不是让它拥挤。
Right?
对吗？
Talk 4, Madras, 26 December 1973
Talk 4，马德拉斯，1973 年 12 月 26 日