SpaceX成功发射载人龙飞船,开启载人航天商业化的新时代 | 经济学人精讲第657期

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本文选自《经济学人》6月6日刊文章。美国太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)首次利用载人龙飞船把两位宇航员送入地球轨道,揭开了世界“商业载人航天”巨大帷幕的一角。SpaceX的龙飞船首次载人发射成功具有重大意义,对于SpaceX来说,这次成功意味着拿到了商业载人航天的入场券,未来前景无可限量;而对于整个世界商业航天来讲,这意味着揭开了商业载人航天的帷幕,商业航天走进新时代,太空旅行也许不再是梦。
由于篇幅较长,本文节选全文重点段落进行精讲,译文仅供参考。

选文精讲

SpaceX is making human space travel a routine form of commerce
SpaceX公司正在让人类太空旅行成为一种常规商业模式
And a model of public-private partnership
以及一种公私合作模式
Jun 6th 2020 |
AT AN ALTITUDE of 400km, with both vessels travelling at 7.7km a second, the Crew Dragon capsule took orbital advantage of a freedom denied to the socially distanced on Earth to come within two metres of the International Space Station. After a final 20 seconds of stately approach the Endeavour’s capture ring made contact with the station’s docking adaptor. The short voyage’s simple, straightforward end belied its significance.
  • altitude: 高度
  • stately: 缓慢庄严的、宏伟的
  • capture ring: 抓手
  • belie: 掩饰
在400公里的高度,两艘飞船都以每秒7.7公里的速度飞行,“龙飞船”摆脱地球束缚,利用在轨道上的自由移动来到与国际空间站不到两米的位置。经过最后20秒缓慢的靠近奋进号,奋进号的抓手与空间站的对接器对接在一起。这次短暂旅行的结束虽然简单、顺利,但意义巨大。
In May 2012 SpaceX, a Californian firm founded by Elon Musk, started using its spacecraft to make cargo deliveries to the space station built by America, Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. (They started being used to bring the station’s rubbish back down a week later.) The mission it launched on May 30th, though, used a completely revamped version of the firm’s Dragon capsule to carry up something much more precious: two astronauts, Robert Behnken and Douglas Hurley. They were the first Americans to reach orbit in an American spacecraft since the last flight of the space shuttle Atlantis in 2011. They were the first astronauts of any country to reach orbit in a vessel designed and operated by a private company.
  • revamp: 翻新、修改
2012年5月,埃隆·马斯克在加州创立的SpaceX公司开始使用它的航天器向美国、俄罗斯、欧洲、日本和加拿大建造的空间站运送货物(一周后,他们开始把航空站的垃圾运回去)。然而,5月30日发射的这次任务,使用的是该公司“龙飞船”完全改进版的飞船,搭载了更珍贵的东西:两名宇航员,罗伯特·本肯和道格拉斯·赫尔利。他们是自2011年亚特兰蒂斯号飞船最后一次飞行以来,第一批乘坐美国飞船进入轨道的美国人,他们也是第一批乘坐私人公司设计和运营的飞船进入轨道的宇航员。

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