卡拉扬不可不知的10件趣事
卡拉扬的10件趣事
From Classic FM
One of the greatest conductors of the 20th century, von Karajan ruled over the Berlin Philharmonic and European classical music for more than three decades. Celebrated for his recordings of Beethoven, Mozart and Mahler symphonies, he sold some 200 million albums.
作为20世纪最伟大的指挥家之一，卡拉扬引领柏林爱乐乐团长达30多年，同时他也是欧洲古典音乐的领军者。他的唱片以贝多芬、莫扎特和马勒的交响曲而著称，销量高达大约2亿张。
Pavane pour une infante défunte (悼念公主帕凡舞) Herbert von Karajan/Berliner Philharmoniker - Karajan - Very Best of Adagio
A piano prodigy
钢琴神童
Herbert von Karajan was born Heribert Ritter von Karajan on 5 April 1908 to a Greek father and Slovene mother. Through her, he was related to the composer, Hugo Wolf. Young Herbert was a child prodigy at the piano.
1908年4月5日，赫伯尔特·冯·卡拉扬出生于希腊，父亲是希腊人，母亲是斯洛伐克。他通过与作曲家雨果·沃尔夫有血缘关系。小赫伯特是个钢琴神童。
Mephisto Waltz No. 1, S. 110 No. 2 'The Dance in the Village Inn' (第1首梅菲斯托圆舞曲，作品110之2“乡村旅馆的舞会”) Berliner Philharmoniker/Herbert von Karajan/Franz Liszt - Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsodies Nos. 2 & 5, Hungarian Fantasia, Mephisto Waltz
Early conducting
早期指挥生涯
From 1916 to 1926, von Karajan studied at the Mozarteum in Salzburg, where he was encouraged to concentrate on conducting by his teacher. In 1929, he conducted a production of Richard Strauss's opera, 'Salome'.
1916年至1926年期间，卡拉扬在萨尔茨堡的莫扎特剧院学习，在此他专注学习指挥并深受鼓舞。1929年，他指挥了理查德·施特劳斯的歌剧《莎乐美》。
The Hebrides, Op. 26 (赫布里底群岛，作品26) Berliner Philharmoniker/Herbert von Karajan/Felix Mendelssohn - Mendelssohn: Symphonies Nos.3 'Scottish' & 4 'Italian'; Overture 'The Hebrides'
Member of the Nazi party
纳粹党员
In 1933 von Karajan made his conducting debut at the Salzburg Festival with a scene from Gounod's opera, 'Faust'. It was also in 1933 that von Karajan became a member of the Nazi party, for which he would later be criticised.
1933年，卡拉扬在萨尔茨堡音乐节上指挥古诺歌剧《浮士德》中的一个场景首次。也是在1933年，冯卡拉扬成为纳粹党的成员，他后来因此受到批评。
Tristan und Isolde - Liebestod Herbert von Karajan/Berliner Philharmoniker - Karajan - Very Best of Adagio
Conducting the Vienna Philharmonic
指挥维也纳爱乐乐团
In Salzburg in 1934, von Karajan led the Vienna Philharmonic for the first time, and from 1934 to 1941, he was engaged to conduct operatic and symphony orchestra concerts at the Theater Aachen.
1934年，在萨尔茨堡，卡拉扬首次执棒维也纳爱乐乐团，并于1934年至1941年在亚琛指挥歌剧和交响乐团的音乐会。
L'Arlésienne Suite No. 1 - Adagietto (《阿莱城姑娘》第一组曲 - 小柔板) Herbert von Karajan/Berliner Philharmoniker - Karajan - Very Best of Adagio
A rising star
冉冉升起的星星
Karajan's career was given a significant boost in 1935 when he was appointed Germany's youngest Generalmusikdirektor and performed as a guest conductor in Bucharest, Brussels, Stockholm, Amsterdam and Paris. In 1937 he made his debut with the Berlin Philharmonic and the Berlin State Opera, conducting Beethoven's only opera, 'Fidelio'.
1935年卡拉扬被任命为德国最年轻的指挥，并在布加勒斯特、布鲁塞尔、斯德哥尔摩、阿姆斯特丹和巴黎担任客席指挥，卡拉扬的职业生涯取得巨大成就。1937年，他在柏林爱乐乐团和柏林国家歌剧院首次登台演出，指挥贝多芬唯一的歌剧《菲黛里奥》。
Adagio for Strings and Organ in G Minor Herbert von Karajan/Berliner Philharmoniker/David Bell/Leon Spierer - Karajan - Very Best of Adagio
The Karajan miracle
卡拉扬奇迹
In 1938, for his performance of 'Tristan und Isolde', von Karajan was hailed by a Berlin critic as 'Das Wunder Karajan' (the Karajan miracle). The critic asserted that von Karajan's 'success with Wagner's demanding work...sets himself alongside Furtwängler and Victor de Sabata, the greatest opera conductors in Germany at the present time'.
1938年卡拉扬因在《特里斯坦和伊索尔德》中的精彩表现，他被柏林评论家誉为“卡拉扬奇迹”（the Karajan miracle）。评论家断言，卡拉扬能够完美演绎瓦格纳的作品，并能体现其中高超的艺术追求……当时他和弗特沃·恩格勒和维克多·德·萨巴塔齐名，后者是德国目前最伟大的歌剧指挥家。
La Bohème - 'Che Gelida Manina' (波西米亚 - ''冰凉的小手'') Luciano Pavarotti/Herbert von Karajan/Berliner Philharmoniker - The Essential Pavarotti: A Selection of His Greatest Recordings
Second World War years
二战年代
By 1944, von Karajan was, in his own words, losing favor with the Nazi leadership, but he still conducted concerts in wartime Berlin. In the closing stages of the war, he and his then wife Anita - who was a quarter Jewish - fled Germany for Milan. He was discharged by the Austrian denazification examining board on 18 March 1946 and resumed his conducting career shortly afterwards.
用他自己的话说，到1944年，冯卡拉扬失去了纳粹领导人的好感，但他仍然在战时的柏林举办音乐会。在战争即将结束的时候，他和他当时的妻子安妮塔（四分之一是犹太人）逃离德国前往米兰。1946年3月18日，他被奥地利审核委员会解聘，此后不久又重新开始从事他的工作。
Marriage to Eliette Mouret
与伊莱特·穆莱特的婚姻
On 6 October 1958, Herbert von Karajan married his third wife, the French model Eliette Mouret. They had two daughters, Isabel and Arabel.
1958年10月6日，卡拉扬娶了他的第三任妻子，法国名模埃莉特·穆莱特为妻。他们有两个女儿，伊莎贝尔和阿拉贝尔。
Coriolan Overture, Op. 62 (“科里奥兰” 序曲，作品62) Berliner Philharmoniker/Herbert von Karajan - Beethoven: Symphony No. 9 / Coriolan Overture
Final years
最后几年
In his latter years, Karajan suffered from heart problems as well as undergoing surgery on his back. He increasingly came into conflict with the Berlin Philharmonic for his old-fashioned dictatorial style of leadership. He died of a heart attack on 16 July 1989 at the age of 81.
在他的晚年，卡拉扬饱受健康问题困扰，他患有心脏病并且接受了背部手术。由于其老式的独裁式指挥风格，他逐渐与柏林爱乐乐团产生了冲突。他于1989年7月16日死于心脏病发作，享年81岁。
Radetzky March, Op. 228 (2005 - Remaster) Philharmonia Orchestra/Herbert von Karajan - Various: Encores, Intermezzi, Marches & Dances
Reborn as an eagle
重生为鹰
A practitioner of Zen Buddhism, Karajan believed strongly in reincarnation and said that he would like to be reborn as an eagle so he could soar over his beloved Alps.
作为禅宗修行者，卡拉扬坚信轮回转世，并希望能投胎为鹰，这样他就能翱在他心爱的阿尔卑斯山脉之上。