上海高考英语语法填空分析（非谓语）
上海高考英语语法填空中，若给的提示词是动词，则有非谓语谓语动词两种情况。本期主要讲解填入非谓语的分通式通解。
分析步骤
Step1：分析该动词在句中充当的成分。
Step2：明确该动词与逻辑主语之间的关系（判断主被动）
Step3：分析该动词与谓语动词发生的先后。
例题展现
例1: Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test before they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now ________（include） a writing part.（2019年上海七宝中学高三上月考）
Step1: 该剧主句为 They pointed out ，that引导的宾语从句中major college entrance tests are changing为其主谓，不缺少任何核心成分（排除主宾表等）。由于该空前无相关名词（排除定语），因此include需要在句中作状语成分。
Step2: 该空后有名词，且include本身为及物动词，所以必然为主动态。
Step3: 该动作仍未发生，在谓语动词are之后，故而填入不定式 to include。
例2: On the other hand, though, if ________（leave）alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, a child loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.（2018上海七宝中学高三下月考）
Step1: 该空属于if引导的条件状语从句，由于该从句无主语，所以其属于主从句主语一致时，省略从句主语的情况。因此本动词亦在句中作状语成分。
Step2: leave与该句主语child之间为动宾关系，还原为 if a child is left alone too much， 构成被动语态
Step3: 该动词与loses同时发生。
最后可以推得，该动词在句中作状语成分，与谓语动词同时发生，且为被动，因此填入过去分词left。
不妨一试
The books were long and dull, Benjamin could read only a little, ________（be）a poor student. （2020上海交附高三上期中）