菌群如何影响食物过敏（综述） | 热心肠日报
The Microbial Origins of Food Allergy
食物过敏的菌群起源
10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.624
2020-12-22, Review
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Food allergy (FA) is a significant public health issue, propelled by its rapidly increasing prevalence. Its sharp rise into prominence has focused attention on causative environmental factors and their interplay with the immune system in disease pathogenesis. In that regard, there is now substantial evidence that alterations in the gut microbiome early in life shape the host gut mucosal immunity and may play a critical role in the development of FA. These changes may impact key steps in the development of the infant gut microbiome, including its shaping by maternal factors and upon the introduction of solid food (the weaning reaction). These early life changes may have long range effects on host immunity that manifest later in time as disease pathology. Experimental studies have shown that resetting the host intestinal immune responses by treatment with either a healthy fecal microbiota transplantation or defined commensal bacterial taxa can prevent or treat FA. The mechanisms by which these interventions suppress FA include restoration of gut immune regulatory checkpoints, notably the retinoic orphan receptor gamma T (RORγt)+ regulatory T cells, the epithelial barrier and healthy immunoglobulin A responses to the gut commensals. These findings inform human studies currently in progress that evaluate the role of microbial therapies in FA.
First Authors:
Rima Rachid,Emmanuel Stephen-Victor
Correspondence Authors:
Talal A Chatila
All Authors:
Rima Rachid,Emmanuel Stephen-Victor,Talal A Chatila