There be 句型也叫“存在句”，表示“在某地/时有某物/人”。本节课我们要学习这个句型的构成、陈述句和疑问句的变化以及它与have的区别等。“There be +某物/某人+某地/某时”；此结构表示“某地/某时有某人/某物”。句中的there是引导词，没有词义；be是句子的谓语动词；“某人/物”是句子的主语；因此这个句式其实是一个倒装句。（即：谓语或者谓语的一部分提到主语前面的句式。）例如：I am a student. 我是一个学生。（普通语序的句子）There is a girl in the classroom. 教室里有一个女孩儿。(There be 句型)There be句型中，句子的谓语动词是be，应该和后面的主语保持一致。当句子的主语是可数名词的单数或者是不可数名词的时候，be用is；如果句子的主语是可数名词的 复数形式，be用are。例如：There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。There are some apples on the table. 桌子上有一些苹果。注意：如果有两个或者两个以上的主语，谓语和与它最近的主语保持一致，这叫就近原则。例如：There is a bed and two chairs in the bedroom.There be句型的否定句是在连系动词be的后面直接加not。例如：There is not a boy in the room. 房子里没有一个男孩。There isn’t any water in the bottle.瓶子里没有一些水。There be句型的一般疑问句是把连系动词be提到句子的开头，要大写。它的肯定回答是：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答是：No, there isn’t / aren’t. 例如：－Are there any flowers in the garden? 花园里有一些花吗？There be句型的特殊疑问句是用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成的，有以下三种形式：①对主语提问时用who或者what；主语是人时用who, 是物时用what。There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? 树上有什么？There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? 谁在房间里？注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）。例如：There is a computer in my office. 我的办公室有一台计算机。→ －Where is the computer? 计算机在哪里？－It’s in my office. 在我办公室。There are four children in the classroom. 教室里有四个孩子。→－Where are the four children? 四个孩子在哪里？－They’re in the classroom. 他们在教室。③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式, 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”；如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”。例如：There are twelve months in a year. 一年有12个月。→How many months are there in a year? 一年有多少个月？There is only one book in my bag. 我的包里只有一本书。→How many books are there in your bag? 你的包里有几本书？There is a cat in the box. 箱子里有一只猫。→How many cats are there in the box? 箱子里有多少只猫？There is some money in my purse. 我的钱包里有一些钱。→How much money is there in your purse? 你的钱包里有多少钱？拓展：There be句型的反意疑问句用“陈述部分+be（not）there?”。例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?There are some books on the table, aren’t there?She isn’t a student, is she?There be句型的各种时态是由be的变化来体现的，例如：e.g. There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。There are some flowers in the basket. 篮子里有些花。e.g. There was a bike under the tree just now. 刚才树下有一辆自行车。There were some students in the classroom last night. 昨天晚上教室里有些学生。一般将来时中，be的前面要加上be going to / will, 此时谓语是is/are going to be或者will be。e.g. There will be a match in our school tomorrow.= There is going to be a match in our school tomorrow.拓展：There be的中间可以用情态动词表示“可能有或者一定有”的意思。例如：There may be a tiger in the forest.There must be a boy crying in your room.There be句型中be动词在其它时态中的变化，我们可以在以后的学习中继续总结。1. There ______ a book and three pencils on the desk.2. _______ there a new bike in front of our classroom?3. There ______ any books on your desk.4. ______ _______ apples are there on the table? There are four.5. ______ ________ milk is there in the bottle? There is little.6. ______ your father _____ a new car?7. ______ less milk in this bottle than in that one.8. —Again, my computer doesn’t work.— _______ must be something wrong with the CPU.9. There ______ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening.10. —There ______ no milk in the fridge. Could you got some for me, Dick?1. There isn’tfood in the fridge.2．—How many _______ are there on the table?3．There are________ in a year and December is ________ of the year.A．twelve month; the twelfth monthB．the twelfth month; twelve monthsC．twelve months; twelfth monthD．twelve months; the twelfth month1. There _______（be）many things over there.2. There _______ (be) a little girl in the room.3. _______ there any water on the moon?4. _______ (be) there any pictures on the wall?5. There _______ (be not) a bike behind the tree.6. There ________ (be) a dictionary and two books on the desk.7. There ________ (be) some juice in the glass.1. There are some cars and buses on the street. (改为一般疑问句)_______ there _______ cars or buses on the stress?2. Is there a pay phone across from the library? (做否定回答)3. There is a piece of paper on the table. (改为一般疑问句)______ there ______ piece of paper on the table?4. There are two pay phones in the neighborhood. （改为否定句）There ________ two pay phones in the neighborhood?5. There are 15 children in our class. （对划线部分提问）_______ ______ children _______ _______ in your class?1. B。本句子是考查there be句型的主语和谓语保持一致的用法，在这个句型中be和与它最近的主语保持一致，a book是单数，所以be要用is。2. A。本句子是考查there be的一般疑问句，不能用助动词do或者does，直接把be提到句子开头。本句子的主语是a new bike 所以be要用is，在句子的开头要大写。3. A。本句子是考查there be的否定句，这个句型的否定句是在be的后面直接加not，不能用助动词don’t或者doesn’t。后面的名词是复数形式，所以用aren’t。4. B。本句子是考查表示“多少”的短语的用法，how many和how much都可以表示“多少”，但是how many的后面用可数名词的复数形式；how much的后面用不可数名词。本句子的名词apples是可数名词的复数形式，所以用how many。5. D。本句子是考查表示“多少”的短语的用法，how many和how much都可以表示“多少”，但是how many的后面用可数名词的复数形式；how much的后面用不可数名词。本句子的名词milk是不可数名词，所以用how much。6. C。本句子是考查表示“某人有某物”的用法，要用动词have/has，不能用there be句型。本句子的主语是第三人称单数，所以用助动词does构成一般疑问句，does的后面用动词原形，故选C。7. C。句意：这个瓶里的牛奶比那个瓶里的少。本题考查There be 句型。There have形式不对，故排除A、B项；milk为不可数名词，故排除D项，正确答案为C。8. A。句意：—我的电脑又出故障了。—它的CPU肯定出问题了。There is something wrong with…是固定句式，意为：……有毛病了或者出故障了。情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。9. A。本题考查There be 句型的用法。有句中的时间可知此句为一般将来时。一般将来时的There be 应该是There is/are going to be / There will be，故只有A项正确。10. A。这是当前的对话，所以不用一般过去时，排除C、D项；milk 为不可数名词，故选A。1.D。food这里是不可数名词，不能选B和C。some一般用在肯定句，any一般用在否定句。2.D。how many后加可数名词的复数，milk是不可数名词，所以只有bottles符合题意。3. D。十二个月的正确表达是“twelve months”。第十二个月的正确表达是“the twelfth month”。1. Are, any 2. there, isn’t
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