python接口自动化18-requests-toolbelt处理multipart/form-data
一、requests-toolbelt
1.官方文档地址：[requests-toolbelt官方文档](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/requests-toolbelt/)
2.环境安装
> pip install requests-toolbelt
二、multipart/form-data传文件
```
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
import requests
m = MultipartEncoder(
fields={'field0': 'value',
'field1': 'value',
'field2': ('filename', open('file.py', 'rb'), 'text/plain')}
)
r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',
data=m,
headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
```
三、multipart/form-data表单提交（传非文件）
```
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
import requests
m = MultipartEncoder(
fields={'field0': 'value',
'field1': 'value'})
r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',
data=m,
headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
```
四、多个文件参数重复
1.参数重复的时候，就不用字典了，用list类型
```
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
import requests
m = MultipartEncoder(
fields = [
('source', ('f1.ext', f1, 'application/x-example-mimetype'),
('source', ('f2.ext', f2, 'application/x-example-mimetype'),
]
)
r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',
data=m,
headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
```
# 参考代码：
```
# coding:utf-8
import requests
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
host = 'http://127.0.0.1:81' # 禅道的服务器地址
def login(s,user="admin",psw="e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e"):
u'''登录禅道'''
loginUrl = host+"/zentao/user-login.html"
h = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Referer": host+"/zentao/user-login.html",
# "Cookie": # 头部没登录前不用传cookie，因为这里cookie就是保持登录的
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
}
body = {"account": user,
"password": psw,
"keepLogin[]": "on",
"referer": host+"/zentao/my/"
}
try:
r = s.post(loginUrl, data=body, headers=h)
print(r.content) # 打印结果看到location='http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/'说明登录成功了
if "/zentao/my/" in r.content:
print("登录成功！")
return True
else:
print("登录失败：%s" % r.content)
return False
except Exception as msg:
print("登录失败:%s"%str(msg))
return False
def upload_jpg(s):
u'''上传图片'''
url1 = host+"/zentao/file-ajaxUpload-5a26aca290b59.html?dir=image"
m = MultipartEncoder(
fields={
"localUrl": (None, "1.png"),
"imgFile": ("1.png", open("d:\\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")
})
try:
r1 = s.post(url1, data=m, headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
jpg_url = r1.json()["url"]
return jpg_url
except Exception as msg:
print("上传失败：%s"%str(msg))
return ""
def submit_bug(s,jpg_url,title="yoyoketang-这是一个带附件的内容"):
# 提交bug, 带上附件
url2 = host+"/zentao/bug-create-1-0-moduleID=0.html"
m = MultipartEncoder(
fields = [
("product", "1"),
("module","0"),
("project", ""),
("openedBuild[]", "trunk"),
("assignedTo", "admin"),
("type", "codeerror"),
("os", "all"),
("browser", "all"),
("color", ""),
("title", title), # bug标题参数化
("severity", "3"),
("pri", "0"),
("steps", u'<p>[步骤]</p>\
<p>1、第一步点</p>\
<p>2、第二步点</p>\
<p>3、点三步点</p>\
<p>[结果]</p>\
<p><img src="%s" alt="" /></p>\
<p>[期望]</p>' % jpg_url), # 正文图片地址参数
("story", "0"),
("task", "0"),
("mailto[]", ""),
("keywords", ""),
# 这里的四个参数就是上传文件附件了
("files[]", ("1.png", open("d:\\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")), # 附件1
("labels[]", "tu1"),
("files[]", ("2.png", open("d:\\2.png", "rb"), "image/png")), # 附件1
("labels[]", "tu2"),
("uid", "5a2955c884f98"),
("case", "0"),
("caseVersion", "0"),
("result", "0"),
("testtask", "0")
])
try:
r2 = s.post(url2, data=m, headers={'Content-Type': m.content_type})
print r2.content
except Exception as msg:
print("提交BUG失败：%s"%str(msg))
if __name__ == "__main__":
s = requests.session() # 保持会话
login(s, user="admin", psw="e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e") # 登录
jpg = upload_jpg(s) # 上传图
# 获取上传图片后用的url地址传给提交bug的正文
submit_bug(s, jpg, title="yoyoketang-这是一个带附件的内容")
```