孟加拉国：关于新生活的一场流离失所的梦

Bangladesh: Displaced dreamof a new life

孟加拉国：关于新生活的一场流离失所的梦

    By Gennike Mayers,IFRC

         作者：珍妮可·迈耶斯（音译），红十字会与红新月会国际联合会

Abdullah(far right in the photo), 24, holds a master’s degree in physics and was teaching physics, chemistry and English at Yadana high school in Rakhine when his family was forced to flee their home on 25 August 2017. Within a few days, they crossed over, like thousands of other families, into south-eastern Bangladesh seeking refuge. Having left their possessions behind, they began a new life in camp with nothing but the clothes on their back.

‍阿卜杜拉（图中最右），现年24岁，拥有物理学硕士学位。当他的家人在2017年8月25日那天被迫逃离家园的时候，他正在若开邦耶德那中学教物理、化学和英语。几天之后，他们和数以千计的其他家庭一样，越过边境，进入缅甸东南方向的邻国孟加拉国寻求救济。他们原来的财产没能一起带出来，除了有衣服尚可裹身之外再无他物，（就这样）在难民营里开始了一种新的生活。

Today Abdullah is the site manager with the fecal sludge management programme run by the Bangladesh Red Crescent society in one of the camps in Cox’s Bazar. He enjoys what he does, and he is making good use of his skills, but he dreams of returning home. He had high hopes of pursuing a PhD in physics but that dream is growing dim.

如今，阿卜杜拉成为了科克斯巴扎尔当地一个难民营粪便污物管理项目的站点管理员。该项目由孟加拉国红新月会发起，针对科克斯巴扎尔当地的几个难民营开展。他很喜欢自己的工作，他也在很好地利用自己的技能，但他始终梦想着能重返家园。他曾经特别渴望去读一个物理学博士学位，但实现这一梦想的希望正在变得越来越渺茫。

“I miss my home and I want to go back if peace is guaranteed but I don’t know when that will happen. We might be here for years or we might go home soon. We are living day by day here with very little in a small space. We are grateful to be alive, but this is not home,” he says.

“我想念我的家乡，如果在那里和平能够得到保障，我希望能重返家园，但我不知道这一天什么时候才会到来。我们也许要在这里待上好多年，又或许，我们很快就能回家了。在这里，我们生活在一个很小的空间里，日复一日。我们对能活下来心存感激，但这里毕竟不是我们的家。”他说道。

Abdullah oversees a team of 57 people, all enthused about the key role they play in managing the waste generated in camp 18.

‍阿卜杜拉监管着一个由57人组成的团队，他们都对自己在管理18号难民营产生的废物方面所发挥的关键作用充满着热情。

“When the waste comes in we add hydrated lime to correct the pH balance and get rid of bacteria. From the lime stabilization area, we put the sludge to dry under the shed then to the collecting bed where it is mixed with coconut husks. We are converting the sludge into fertilizer which we use to plant trees in the camp to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion,” explains Abdullah.

‍阿卜杜拉解释道：“在废物被运进来之后，我们在里面加入氢氧化钙来调解pH平衡并清除细菌。我们将污泥从石灰稳定区放到棚下干燥，然后放到收集床上，并在此处将其与椰壳混合。我们把这些污物转化成肥料，并利用它们在营地里种树，这样就能起到固定泥土、防止水土流失的作用。”

Large tracts of forested land have been cleared to accommodate the influx of families. This has left the area exposed to waterlogging and landslides especially in the monsoon season. Over 700,000 people have arrived in Cox’s Bazar over the past year, putting immense pressure on local resources. The host communities have absorbed this influx admirably but not without impacts on the environment.

‍很多林地被清理成了空地，以便能收容大量涌入的难民家庭。这就使得该地区易于遭受涝灾和山体滑坡，在季风季节尤是如此。在过去的一年里，超过70万人迁移了科克斯巴扎尔，对当地的资源造成了巨大的压力。他们的涌入虽然被当地的社区慷慨地接纳，但也对环境造成了一定的影响。

“Living conditions in the camps are very cramped and this increases the risk of diseases,” says Ekram Chowdhury, Project Director of the Bangladesh RedCrescent Society. “We are helping to reduce the spread of diseases by providing safe water for drinking, cooking, bathing and washing. We are also educating the camp residents about good hygiene and very importantly, we are treating the waste in an environmentally friendly way.”

孟加拉国红新月会项目主管埃克拉姆·乔杜里（音译）表示：“难民营的生活环境非常拥挤，这就增加了疾病发生的风险。我们正在通过提供用于饮用、做饭、洗浴和洗涤的安全用水来帮助减少疾病的蔓延。我们也号召居住在营地里的难民保持良好的个人卫生习惯。我们正在用一种环境友好的方式来处理废物，这一点也非常重要。”

The Bangladesh Red Crescent Society, with support from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and partners have constructed over 350 latrines, over 220 bathing facilities and has reached over 68,000 people with messages on best hygiene practices in Cox’s Bazar Bangladesh, since the start of the latest population movement in August 2017.

‍自2017年8月最大规模的一次人口迁移发生以来，孟加拉国红新月会在红十字会与红新月会国际联合会及其他合作伙伴的支持下，已经修建了350个公共厕所和220多处洗浴设施，并向孟加拉国科克斯巴扎尔地区的68000人讲解了保持个人卫生的最佳做法。