1/31 【美国历史上的今天】是哪一条宪法修正案，废除了奴隶制？

美国历史上的今天

众议院通过第十三条修正案

每天一篇《美国历史上的今天》，提炼和总结历史在今天发生的重要事件：谁，在哪里，什么时候，做了什么，这件事为什么重要、以及在写关于什么主题的论文的时候可以作为潜在论据引用。

每天半分钟，轻松积累史实

为AP历史拿5分打下坚实基础

When: Jan 31, 1865

What: The U.S. House of Representatives passed the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which reads “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction,” thereby abolishing slavery in America.

Why significant: Since the American Revolution, states had divided into states that allowed and states that prohibited slavery. Slavery was implicitly permitted in the original Constitution through provisions such as Article I, Section 2, Clause 3, commonly known as the Three-Fifths Compromise, which detailed how each slave state's enslaved population would be factored into its total population count for the purposes of apportioning seats in the House of Representatives and direct taxes among the states. Though many slaves had been declared free by President Abraham Lincoln's 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, their post-war status was uncertain. On April 8, 1864, the Senate passed an amendment to abolish slavery. After one unsuccessful vote and extensive legislative maneuvering by the Lincoln administration, the House followed suit on January 31, 1865. The measure was swiftly ratified by nearly all Northern states, along with a sufficient number of border and "reconstructed" Southern states, to cause it to be adopted before the end of the year.

The 13th Amendment was the first of the three Reconstruction Amendments adopted following the American Civil War. With its passage, the institution that had indelibly shaped American history was abolished. However, factors such as Black Codes, white supremacist violence, and selective enforcement of statutes continued to subject some black Americans to involuntary labor, particularly in the South.

Tags: Civil War, slavery, 13th Amendment, President Abraham Lincoln, Emancipation Proclamation