图表写作必备表达
图表作文 /Profile/
一般常见的图表有四类：
table 表格
Line graph 线状图
Bar chart 条状图
Pie chart 饼状图
开头introduction可以这么写：
The gragh / chart / diagram demonstrates / shows / illustrates / gives informations about ... （概述图表信息）
接下来body part就要描述数据变化啦
先从最简单的两个词开始：up 和 down
要描述从某一时间开始的变化趋势时我们可以用句型 up / down from + 过去的时间点
若有具体数值，我们可以用句型 up / down from + 过去的数值 + 过去的时间点，注意要用逗号隔开
e.g. ...which now account for more than half of GDP, up from a third two decades ago. ...如今超过一半以上的GDP，比二十年前多了三分之一。
接下来是数据变化近义表达集合！
增加
rise, climb, grow, mount, swell
be on the rise, on the increase,
be rising, be increasing,
add to sth, increase sth,
ramp up, pick up, edge up/higher
陡增，激增
surge, jump, shoot up,
soar, spike, skyrocket,
increase rapidly, grow rapidly,
multiply, balloon, proliferate
攀升至，增加到...
creep up to,
climb / increase to
增加了...
Increased by
show an increase of...
外刊摘录地道表达（增加）
be well ahead 遥遥领先
~ dominates + 数值
go far beyond sth 远远超出
sth has soared to record levels ...攀升到历史最高水平
倍增
double = increase twofold,
triple = increase threefold,
increase four times,
be twice as much as,
two times larger than,
twice sth (the size of..),
more than double/triple
达到
account for / make up / represent / constitute / contribute
reach / pass / near / approach the + 数字 + mark “达到/突破/接近…指标；…大关”
reach the highest / lowest point / level (at…) “达到最高点或最低点”
强调数字的修饰小词（形容词）
astounding, astonishing, staggering
explosive
whopping
untold
astounding, astonishing, staggering 指“令人惊讶的” (so surprising that it is difficult to believe)，常用于数字前，形容数字之大：
explosive 作形容词时还可表示数量或数字“爆炸性增长的；激增的” (increasing suddenly and rapidly)：
e.g. the explosive growth of microcomputers 微型计算机的迅猛发展
whopping /ˈwɒpɪŋ/ (also whopping great) adj. [only before noun] (informal) very big 巨大的；很大的：
e.g. The company made a whopping 75 million dollar loss. 公司遭受了7500万元的巨额损失。
untold used to emphasize that an amount or quantity is very large 数量巨大的：
untold riches / wealth 巨额财富
untold thousands of people 数以千计的人
强调程度的修饰小词（副词/组）
substantially, considerably, by a wide margin
稳定
remain stable at …
波动
fluctuate (between ... and …)
Experience a significant fluctuation over + 时间
除了一些波动之外基本稳定
时间+ saw a consistent decrease, with the exceptions of a slight rise from ... to ...
减少
contract, decline,
decrease, diminish, dwindle,
dip, ebb, fall, slip,
scale back/down,
edge / decrease slightly,
be on the decrease
陡降
drastically reduce,
tumble, drop,
slump, sink,
plunge, plummet,
dive/nosedive
外刊摘录地道表达（降低）
sth has bottomed out 降到最低点
~ rate stood at five-decade low of 3.5%
(prices or values) go / drop / fall through the floor 直击最低水平 prices be forced/driven through the floor. 冲破最低水平
比例关系
find a negative correlation between A and B 负相关
sth is in inverse proportion to sth 反比
be proportionate to 正比
be disproportionate to 不相称
排名
ahead / behind of sth 领先/落后于
e.g. the country has crept up to sixth place in the OECD’s ranking of the share of GDP spent on health care, behind France and America, but ahead of Italy and South Korea—two other ageing countries. 在经合组织排名医疗费用所占GDP比重的国家当中，这个国家排第六名，位于法国和美国之后，但领先于其他两个老龄化国家意大利和韩国。
lead the rankings in sth 在…中排名领先
如何表达比例
Fractions
73%- nearly three quarters
51%- just over a half
49%- just under a half
32%- nearly a third
3%- a tiny fraction
50%- exactly a half
26%- roughly one quarter
49%- around a half
24%- almost a quarter
77%- approximately three quarters
Proportions
70%- a large proportion
71%- a significant majority
15% a small minority
3%- an insignificant minority