Plant J | 植物激素与防御信号最新综述2篇

今天，介绍2篇综述，发表在最新一期Plant Journal，有关于植物激素与防卫反应，放在一起食用，效果更佳、

第一篇：Long‐distance stress and developmental signals associated with abscisic acid signaling in environmental responses

网址：https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/tpj.15101?af=R

开花植物由高度分化的器官组成，包括根，叶，枝和花，它们具有特定作用：根系用于吸收水分和养分，叶片用于光合作用和气体交换，生殖器官用于种子生产。

尤其是在不利条件下，通过输导系统进行器官之间的通讯，对于水，养分和信号分子传输是必需的，这种通讯对于整个植物的协调生长和发育至关重要。

在本文中，重点介绍了了解植物激素的信号通路如何与长距离胁迫和发育信号相关的最新进展，尤其着重于对于环境胁迫响应。除了在干旱胁迫条件下诱导叶片脱落酸积累的root-to-shoot肽信号外，还总结了迄今为止报道的在环境响应中发挥作用的多种胁迫响应肽信号。

Flowering plants consist of highly differentiated organs, including roots, leaves, shoots and flowers, which have specific roles: root system for water and nutrient uptake, leaves for photosynthesis and gas exchange and reproductive organs for seed production. The communication between organs through the vascular system, by which water, nutrient and signaling molecules are transported, is essential for coordinated growth and development of the whole plant, particularly under adverse conditions. Here, we highlight recent progress in understanding how signaling pathways of plant hormones are associated with long‐distance stress and developmental signals, with particular focus on environmental stress responses. In addition to the root‐to‐shoot peptide signal that induces abscisic acid accumulation in leaves under drought stress conditions, we summarize the diverse stress‐responsive peptide signals reported to date to play a role in environmental responses.

第二篇：Multiple levels of crosstalk in hormone networks regulating plant defense

网址：https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/tpj.15124?af=R

植物激素对于调节植物与其复杂的生物和非生物环境之间的相互作用至关重要。每种激素都会启动一个特定的分子途径，而这些不同的激素途径则整合在一个复杂的协同，拮抗和加性相互作用网络中。这种通路间的交流称为激素串扰。通过影响免疫网络拓扑，激素串扰对于在各种环境和内部环境中定制植物对多种微生物和昆虫的反应至关重要。串扰为免疫系统提供了强大的功能，但也提高了针对过多生物相互作用因子的诱导防御反应的特异性。

drylab和wetlab技术的最新进展极大地增强了人们对激素串扰对免疫网络功能的广泛影响的理解，并揭示了串扰机制的基本原理。分子研究表明，激素串扰是在多种调节水平上调节的，例如通过影响蛋白质稳定性，基因转录和激素稳态。

本文综述了这些对植物防御激素串扰调控的新见解，重点关注了拟南芥茉莉酸途径中的串扰，强调了转录因子MYC2和ORA59是其他激素调节的主要靶标。

Plant hormones are essential for regulating the interactions between plants and their complex biotic and abiotic environments. Each hormone initiates a specific molecular pathway and these different hormone pathways are integrated in a complex network of synergistic, antagonistic and additive interactions. This inter‐pathway communication is called hormone crosstalk. By influencing the immune network topology, hormone crosstalk is essential for tailoring plant responses to diverse microbes and insects in diverse environmental and internal contexts. Crosstalk provides robustness to the immune system but also drives specificity of induced defense responses against the plethora of biotic interactors. Recent advances in dry‐lab and wet‐lab techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the broad‐scale effects of hormone crosstalk on immune network functioning and have revealed underlying principles of crosstalk mechanisms. Molecular studies have demonstrated that hormone crosstalk is modulated at multiple levels of regulation, such as by affecting protein stability, gene transcription and hormone homeostasis. These new insights into hormone crosstalk regulation of plant defense are reviewed here, with a focus on crosstalk acting on the jasmonic acid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, highlighting the transcription factors MYC2 and ORA59 as major targets for modulation by other hormones.