网络监控cacti1.2.12安装部署(一) / 开普饭

一、cacti概述
cacti是基于php语言实现的一个软件，通过snmp协议获取信息，并将信息存储在rrdtool中，用户可以将需要查看的数据通过rrdtool生成图表显示出来。所以snmp和rrdtool是cacti的核心所在。
cacti架构:

cacti工作流程：

二、安装cacti 1.2.12

备注：本次搭建使用centos7系统，可参见centos7模板机搭建部署

1、安装软件

yum install -y httpd php php-mysql php-snmp php-xml php-ldap php-gd php-mbstring php-posix

2、设置时区

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/php.ini
[PHP]
……
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai   #878行

3、开机启动httpd

systemctl start httpd && systemctl enable httpd

4、安装db
4.1 设置db yum安装源

cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo<<EOF
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.3/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
EOF

4.2 安装DB

yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client MariaDB-devel

4.3 启动db,并设置开机启动

systemctl start mariadb && systemctl enable mariadb

4.4 初始化数据库，设定密码，除了开始直接回车，其他的选择都输入Y。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
......
Enter current password for root (enter for none):   //初始数据库密码为空，直接按回车键
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
......
Set root password? [Y/n] Y    //输入root管理员密码
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
......
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y    //删除匿名账号
 ... Success!
......
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y   //禁止root管理员从远程登录
 ... Success!
.......
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y   //删除test数据库并取消对它的访问权限
......
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y   //刷新授权表，让初始化后的设定立即生效
 ... Success!

4.5 配置MariaDB参数

[root@cacti ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf

[server]
# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
max_heap_table_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 16777216
tmp_table_size = 64M
join_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_file_per_table = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_doublewrite = OFF
innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 3
innodb_read_io_threads = 32
innodb_write_io_threads =16
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
innodb_large_prefix = 1

5、安装snmp

yum install –y net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel net-snmp-perl

5.1 配置snmp

vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
......
//修改default为本机(cacti服务器）的ip，修改public为自己的团体名（一般不改），42行
com2sec notConfigUser 192.168.95.234 public
//把systemview改成all ,供所有snmp 访问权限  64行
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
view all included .1 80 // 去掉#号 85行
......

5.2 启动snmp并设置开机启动

systemctl start snmpd.service && systemctl enable snmpd.service

5.3 验证snmp是否生效

snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost

6、安装RRDTool 绘图工具

yum -y install lm_sensors gcc gcc-c++ libart_lgpl-devel zlib-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel gettext-devel glib2-devel pcre-devel pango-devel cairo-devel  libxml2-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker rrdtool

7、安装spine
7.1 安装spine编译软件

yum install -y dos2unix autoconf automake binutils libtool cpp glibc-headers glibc-devel help2man

7.2 下载cacti-spine-1.2.12，这里版本要与cacti相同，

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-1.2.12.tar.gz

7.3 编译安装cacti-spine

tar zxvf cacti-spine-1.2.12.tar.gz
cd cacti-spine-1.2.12
./bootstrap
./configure
make && make install
chown root:root /usr/local/spine/bin/spine
chmod +s /usr/local/spine/bin/spine
————————————————
如果make时出现
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [spine] Error 1
原因：
编译你的工程代码之前之前，
先处理一下mysql的库，默认查找libmysqlclient_r.so，
可是mysql默认为libmysqlclient.so，

内容完全一样，做个链接即可

请在root下执行
cd /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/   （库所在目录）
ln -s libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 libmysqlclient_r.so
————————————————

7.4 编辑spine.conf

cp  /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /etc/spine.conf

vim /etc/spine.conf
#找到里面对应参数，根据实际情况修改，这里测试就不改了
DB_Host localhost
DB_Database cacti
DB_User cactiuser
DB_Pass cactiuser
DB_Port 3306

8、安装cacti

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-1.2.12.tar.gz
tar zxvf cacti-1.2.12.tar.gz
mv cacti-1.2.12 /var/www/html/cacti

8.1 创建cacti数据库，创建数据库用户cactiuser，设置用户相关授权

[root@localhost src]# mysql -uroot -p
MariaDB [(none)]> create database cacti;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cacti.* to cactiuser@localhost identified by "cactiuser";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant select on mysql.time_zone_name to 'cactiuser'@'localhost' identified by 'cactiuser';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

8.2 导入 Cacti 默认数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> use cacti;
Database changed
MariaDB [cacti]> source /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql;
......
MariaDB [cacti]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [cacti]> quit

测试：

#出现信息
/usr/local/spine/bin/spine

8.3 配置数据库时区

[root@localhost ~]# mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | mysql -u root -p mysql
Enter password:
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo//leapseconds' as time zone. Skipping it.
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo//tzdata.zi' as time zone. Skipping it.

8.4 配置config.php

[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
......
$database_type     = 'mysql';
$database_default  = 'cacti';
$database_hostname = 'localhost';
$database_username = 'cactiuser';
$database_password = 'cactiuser';
$database_port     = '3306';
$database_retries  = 5;
$database_ssl      = false;
$database_ssl_key  = '';
$database_ssl_cert = '';
$database_ssl_ca   = '';
......

8.5 创建日志文件，后续安装时用的到

touch /var/www/html/cacti/log/cacti.log
touch /var/www/html/cacti/log/cacti_stderr.log

9、创建用户cactiuser，并授权

useradd cactiuser
chown apache.apache /var/www/html/cacti/ -R
chown cactiuser /var/www/html/cacti/{rra,log}/ -R
chmod 777 /var/www/html/cacti/{rra,log}/ -R

10、重启服务

systemctl restart httpd && systemctl restart mariadb  && systemctl restart snmpd

11、配置页面
11.1 浏览器输入http://ip/cacti，默认密码admin/admin

11.2 修改密码
#注意密码复杂度

11.3 解决PHP警告

解决办法：
修改/etc/php.ini中两个告警参数

11.4 解决mysql警告

修改vi /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf，根据警告信息，本着没有就加，不对就改的原则配置以下参数

重启一下服务，并刷新浏览器：

systemctl restart httpd && systemctl restart mariadb  && systemctl restart snmpd

ok，安装成功

网络监控cacti1.2.12安装部署(一)

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