英语中的介词to和for到底如何区分?
我们先来看看这两道题应该用to还是for:
1. She bought a tie _____ me.2. He handed the prize _____ me.
英语中关于to和for的用法及其区别,一直是个难题。
今天我们就跟着Lucy老师一起来梳理学习。
【注意】为了简便的需要,Lucy老师在视频中指出,to作为不定式的用法,也当做介词的用法来对待了。
为了方便大家学习,我把视频中的内容进行了梳理补充,供大家参考:
一、当表达缘由时(Expressing a reason)
to和for都可以使用,但to此时是不定式的用法,后接动词原形,而for则直接后接名词,如:
I went to the supermarket to buy apples.I went to the supermarket for apples.
二、当表示“给予”时(Indicating a recipient)
此时的to和for后面都可以接动作的对象,但用to时往往意味着句子的谓语动作会发生方位变化(事物从一个地方移到另一个地方),for则没有,如:
I made a cake for her.I gave a cake to her.
三、当表达目的时(Expressing an intention)
此时与第一条类似,to用作不定式后接动词原形,而for则直接后接名词,如:
I asked her to give me the key.I asked her for the key.
四、只能用to的情况
(一)表动机或原因(motive or reason,后接动词原形)
I came here to talk to you.
(二)表时刻(Telling the time)
Let's meet at ten to nine.
(三)表距离(Distance)
It's only three kilometers from my house to yours.
(四)表比较(Comparing)
I prefer apples to bananas.
(五)表目的地(Destination)
We are going to Paris.
(六)表位移(Transferring)
I sent five cards to him last week.
五、只能用for的情况
(一)表有益或有害的(Beneficial or detrimental)
Drinking water is good for you.
(二)表一段时间(Periods of time)
I lived in Spain for five years.
(三)表计划或安排(Schedules or arrangements)
I've made an appointment for May 4th.
(四)表动机或原因(Motive or reason,后接名词)
I went to the shop for milk.
(五)表帮助某人做某事(Doing something to help someone )
Can I carry the bag for you?
(六)表功能或用途(Function,后接动名词)
A spoon is used for eating.
所以,本文一开始的两道题的答案应该是:
1. for 2. to