赶紧收藏!从形形色色的后缀快速识别形容词,提高阅读速度

形容词是英语十大词性之一,是一个很大的词性,它们使这个世界变得丰富多彩,使学习充满了缤纷色彩,那么如何快速识别它们成为义不容辞的事情了。除了常见的基本形容词以外,英语中的形容词主要有以下几种后缀。
一、-al, -ial, -ical
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟”有…品质、与…有关的“等有关,常见的有:
professional,意为“职业的,专业的,职业性的”等
She always looks very professional in her smart suits.
她穿漂亮的西装总是显得很专业。
structural,意为“结构上的,构造上的”
The political reforms have led to major structural changes in the economy.
政治改革导致了经济结构的重大变化。
national,意为“国家的,民族的,国有的”等
Britain has more than ten national newspapers.
英国有十多家全国性报纸。
legal,意为“与法律有关的,法律的,法律允许的”等
He vowed to take legal action.
他誓言要采取法律行动。
accidental,意为“意外的,偶然的”
The jury returned a verdict of accidental death.
陪审团作出意外死亡的正式裁决。
educational,意为“教育的,有关教育的,有教育意义的”
The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and educational day.
老师们应该确保孩子们度过愉快而有教育意义的一天。
historical,意为“(有关)历史的,有关历史研究的,历史学的”等
You must place these events in their historical context .
必须把这些事件同它们的历史环境联系起来看。
social,意为“社会的,社会上的,社交的,交际的”等
Most schools organize social events for the students.
大多数学校为学生组织社交活动。
universal,意为“普遍的,全体的,广泛适用的”等
Love and relationships will always be a topic of universal interest.
爱情和人际关系将永远是一个普遍感兴趣的话题。
personal,意为“个人的,私人的,个性的”等
The novel is written from personal experience.
这部小说是根据个人亲身经历写成的。

二、-able, -ible
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“倾向、能力或价值”等有关,常见的有:
flammable,意为“易燃的,可燃的”
Caution! This solvent is highly flammable.
注意安全!这种溶剂非常易燃。
discernible,意为“看得清的,辨别得出的”
There is often no discernible difference between rival brands.
相互竞争的品牌之间往往看不出明显的区别。
culpable,意为“应受责备的,难辞其咎的”
Their decision to do nothing makes them culpable.
他们不采取任何行动的决定使他们难辞其咎。
solvable,意为“可解的,可解决的”
The groups of the solvable equations are commutative.
可解方程的群都是交换群。
accessible,意为“可到达的,易接近的,可使用的,可见到的,易懂的”等
The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter.
只有乘直升机才能进入那遥远的荒漠地区。
believable,意为“可相信的,可信任的”
Her explanation certainly sounded believable.
她的解释听起来的确可信。
reliable,意为“可信赖的,可依靠的,可靠的”等
Price alone is not a reliable indicator of quality.
价格本身并不是质量的可靠指标。

三、-an, -ian
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“相关的,有联系的”等有关,常见的有:
agrarian,意为“农业的,土地的”等
This part of the country is mainly agrarian.
这个国家的这部分主要是农业。
simian,意为像猿(或猴)的,猿(或猴)的“
Ada had a wrinkled, simian face.
埃达有一张布满皱纹、长得像猿猴的脸。

四、-ary
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“与标准或地点有联系”等有关,常见的有:
customary,意为”习俗的,习惯的“等
She's not her customary cheerful self today.
她今天不像往常那样快乐。
momentary,意为”短暂的,短促的,片刻的“
His hesitation was only momentary.
他只迟疑了一下。
cautionary,意为”劝告的,告诫的,警告的“
In her conclusion, the author sounds a cautionary note .
作者在结尾时敲响了警钟。
dietary,意为”饮食的,有关饮食的,饮食中的“等
Dietary habits can be very difficult to change.
饮食习惯很难改变。

五、-full
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特性或特征、倾向”等有关,常见的有:
beautiful,意为”美丽的,美好的,很好的,出色的,巧妙的”等
She looked stunningly beautiful that night.
她那天晚上美极了。
wonderful,意为“精彩的,绝妙的,令人高兴的,令人惊奇的”等
It's so wonderful being able to see the sea from my window.
从我的窗户能看到大海真是太好了。
awful,意为“很坏的,可怕的,过多的”等
He suffered awful injuries in the crash.
他在车祸中受了重伤。
skillful,意为“技术好的,熟练的,制作精良的”等
Police officers have to be skillful drivers.
警察必须是开车技术好的司机。
successful,意为“达到目的的,有成效的,获得成功的”等
My second attempt at making bread was a little more successful.
我做面包的第二次尝试更成功一些。
helpful,意为“有用的,有益的,有帮助的”等
He made several helpful suggestions.
他提出了一些有益的建议。
colorful,意为“鲜艳的,鲜明的,有趣的,生动活泼的”等
The old city around the cathedral is the most colorful part of town.
大教堂周围的古城是镇上最有趣的部分。
useful,意为“有用的,有益的,实用的,有帮助的”等
Your advice was very useful, saving me a lot of time.
你的建议很有用,节省了我很多时间。

六、-ic
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟”有…品质、与…有关的“等有关,常见的有:
generic,意为“一般的,普通的,通用的”等
Jazz is a generic term for a wide range of different styles of music.
爵士乐是各种不同风格音乐的总称。
archaic,意为“古体的,已不通用的,陈旧的,古代的”等
The system is archaic and unfair and needs changing.
这个制度早已过时而且不公平,需要改变。
idealistic,意为“理想主义的,空想的”等
She's still young and idealistic.
她还年轻并且耽于空想。
historic,意为“历史上著名的,可名垂青史的”等
How many historic buildings are damaged by fire each year?
每年有多少历史建筑因火灾而受损?
athletic,意为“健壮的,体育运动的,田径运动的”
They have been given college scholarships purely on athletic ability.
他们完全是凭体育特长才获得了大学奖学金。
scenic,意为“风景优美的,舞台布景的”
They took the scenic route back to the hotel.
他们选了一条景色优美的路线回旅馆。
fantastic,意为“怪诞的,不切实际的,极好的”等
The weather was absolutely fantastic.
天气十分宜人。

七、-ive
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“表演、表现”等有关,常见的有:
festive,意为“节日的,喜庆的,欢乐的”等
The whole town is in festive mood.
全城喜气洋洋。
cooperative,意为“合作的,协作的,同心协力的,协助的“等
Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.
要把社区工作做好,协作活动是必不可少的。
sensitive,意为”体贴的,体恤的,感觉敏锐的,有悟性的“等
She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.
她很能体谅他人的感情。
supportive,意为”给与帮助的,支持的“等
She was very supportive during my father's illness.
在我父亲生病期间,她给了很多帮助。

八、-ish
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“天性、本性或性格”等有关,常见的有:
reddish,意为”微红的,略带红色的“
The leaves turn bright yellow or reddish-orange in the fall.
叶子在秋天变成亮黄色或红橙色。
foolish,意为”愚蠢的,傻的,出丑的“等
I was foolish enough to believe what Jeff told me.
我真蠢,竟相信杰夫和我说的话。
childish,意为”孩子的,孩子气的,幼稚的,天真的“等
I've had enough of your childish pranks.
我受够了你幼稚的恶作剧。
selfish,意为”自私的“
It was selfish of him to leave all the work to you.
他把所有的工作都推给你,真是自私。
sheepish,意为”窘迫的,难为情的,不好意思的“
Mary gave her a sheepish grin.
玛丽难为情地冲她咧嘴一笑。
pinkish,意为”浅红色的,略带桃红色的“
Her eyes were puffy and pinkish and her pallid skin gleamed with sweat.
她的眼睛浮肿而略带粉红色,苍白的皮肤因汗水而闪闪发光。

九、-less
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“缺少、缺失或没能力”等有关,常见的有:
worthless,意为”没用的,无价值的,不中用的“等
The company's shares are now virtually worthless.
这家公司的股票现在几乎一文不值。
careless,意为”不仔细的,粗心的,疏忽的,淡漠的,不关心的“等
It was careless of me to leave the door open.
怪我粗心忘了关门。
useless,意为”无用的,无效的,差劲的,不行的”等
He knew it was useless to protest.
他知道抗议是徒劳的。
hopeless,意为”无望的,没有好转的希望,感到无望的“等
It's hopeless trying to convince her.
想说服她简直是徒劳。
powerless,意为”无影响力的,无权的,无能为力的,做不到的”
If you don't have money, you're powerless.
如果你没有钱,就寸步难行。
friendless,意为”没有朋友的,孤家寡人的“
The boy was unhappy because he thought he was friendless.
这个男孩自认为没有朋友,所以闷闷不乐。

十、-like
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“像或类似”等有关,常见的有:
lifelike,意为”逼真的,生动的,栩栩如生的”等
A lifelike portrait of his two daughters hung on the wall.
墙上挂着他两个女儿的栩栩如生的画像。
ladylike,意为”文静的,温文尔雅的,淑女似的“
Her language was not very ladylike.
她的语言不怎么文雅。
warlike,意为”好战的,好斗的,战争的,军事的”等
It has no warlike significance.
这没有好战的意味。
childlike,意为”孩子般的,单纯的,童稚的,天真无邪的“等
His most enduring quality is his childlike innocence.
他最具持久魅力的特质就是他那孩子般的天真无邪。

十一、-y
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“以…特征、倾向于”等有关,常见的有:
rainy,意为”阴雨的,多雨的”
They walked along the promenade on a rainy night.
他们在一个雨夜沿着海滨道散步。
funny,意为”滑稽的,好笑的,奇怪的,难以理解的“等
She told me a funny story about Max.
她给我讲了一个关于麦克斯的有趣故事。
dirty,意为”肮脏的,龌龊的,下流的,卑鄙的,不诚实的”等
He left his dirty towels on the bathroom floor.
他把脏毛巾忘在浴室地板上了。
messy,意为”肮脏的,凌乱的,使脏乱的,混乱的“等
The house was always messy.
这房子总是乱糟糟的。

十二、-ous, -ose
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特征或特性、联系”等有关,常见的有:
adventurous,意为”有冒险精神的,大胆开拓的,充满新鲜事物的”等
Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative.
许多教师愿意更加进取,更富创造性。
courageous,意为”勇敢的,无畏的“
It was a very frightening experience and they were very courageous.
那是一次让人胆战心惊的经历,而他们表现得非常勇敢。
advantageous,意为”有利的,有好处的”
Free exchange of goods was advantageous to all.
商品自由交换惠泽八方。
poisonous,意为”引起中毒的,有毒的,分泌毒素的,恶毒的,邪恶的“等
This gas is highly poisonous.
这种气体有剧毒。
dangerous,意为”有危险的,不安全的,引起危险的”
The traffic here is very dangerous for children.
这里的交通对孩子很危险。
nervous,意为”焦虑的,担忧的,神经质的,易紧张的,神经系统的“等
He had been nervous about inviting us.
他过去一直不敢邀请我们。
mysterious,意为”神秘的,奇怪的,陌生的,诡异的,故弄玄虚的”等
A mysterious illness is affecting all the animals.
一种奇怪的疾病正在侵袭所有的动物。
victorious,意为”胜利的,获胜的,战胜的“
He emerged victorious in the elections.
他在竞选中脱颖而出获得胜利。
bellicose,意为”好争辩的,好斗的,好战的”等
The general made some bellicose statements about his country's military strength.
将军对他的国家的军事实力发表了一些好战的言论。

十三、-ant, -ent
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特性、表现、存在”等有关,常见的有:
important,意为”重要的,有重大影响的,影响很大的,权威的“等
I have an important announcement to make.
我要宣布一件重要的事情。
dependent,意为”依靠的,依赖的,有瘾的”等
You can't be dependent on your parents all your life.
你不可能一辈子靠父母生活。
relevant,意为”紧密相关的,切题的,有价值的,有意义的“
These comments are not directly relevant to this enquiry.
这些意见与这项调查没有直接联系。
incessant,意为”不停的,持续不断的”
This incessant rain and fog is getting me down.
不停的下雨和雾使我心情沮丧。
independent,意为”独立的,自主的,自治的,不相关的,公正的,有主见的“等
Your questions should be independent of each other.
你的问题应该彼此无关。

十四、-ile
以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“倾向、能力”等有关,常见的有:
futile,意为”徒然的,徒劳的,无效的”
Their efforts to revive him were futile.
他们努力使他苏醒,但失败了。
senile,意为”衰老的,年老糊涂的“
I think she's going senile.
我想她是衰老了。
fragile,意为”易损的,易损的,不牢固的,脆弱的,精细的,虚弱的”等
He leaned back in his fragile chair.
他仰靠在那把摇摇晃晃的椅子上。
(0)

相关推荐