形容词是英语十大词性之一,是一个很大的词性,它们使这个世界变得丰富多彩,使学习充满了缤纷色彩,那么如何快速识别它们成为义不容辞的事情了。除了常见的基本形容词以外,英语中的形容词主要有以下几种后缀。 一、-al, -ial, -ical以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟”有…品质、与…有关的“等有关,常见的有:professional,意为“职业的,专业的,职业性的”等She always looks very professional in her smart suits.她穿漂亮的西装总是显得很专业。structural,意为“结构上的,构造上的”The political reforms have led to major structural changes in the economy.政治改革导致了经济结构的重大变化。national,意为“国家的,民族的,国有的”等Britain has more than ten national newspapers.英国有十多家全国性报纸。legal,意为“与法律有关的,法律的,法律允许的”等He vowed to take legal action.他誓言要采取法律行动。accidental,意为“意外的,偶然的”The jury returned a verdict of accidental death.陪审团作出意外死亡的正式裁决。educational,意为“教育的,有关教育的,有教育意义的”The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and educational day.老师们应该确保孩子们度过愉快而有教育意义的一天。historical,意为“(有关)历史的,有关历史研究的,历史学的”等You must place these events in their historical context .必须把这些事件同它们的历史环境联系起来看。social,意为“社会的,社会上的,社交的,交际的”等Most schools organize social events for the students.大多数学校为学生组织社交活动。universal,意为“普遍的,全体的,广泛适用的”等Love and relationships will always be a topic of universal interest.爱情和人际关系将永远是一个普遍感兴趣的话题。personal,意为“个人的,私人的,个性的”等The novel is written from personal experience.这部小说是根据个人亲身经历写成的。二、-able, -ible以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“倾向、能力或价值”等有关,常见的有:flammable,意为“易燃的,可燃的”Caution! This solvent is highly flammable.注意安全!这种溶剂非常易燃。discernible,意为“看得清的,辨别得出的”There is often no discernible difference between rival brands.相互竞争的品牌之间往往看不出明显的区别。culpable,意为“应受责备的,难辞其咎的”Their decision to do nothing makes them culpable.他们不采取任何行动的决定使他们难辞其咎。solvable,意为“可解的,可解决的”The groups of the solvable equations are commutative.可解方程的群都是交换群。accessible,意为“可到达的,易接近的,可使用的,可见到的,易懂的”等The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter.只有乘直升机才能进入那遥远的荒漠地区。believable,意为“可相信的,可信任的”Her explanation certainly sounded believable.她的解释听起来的确可信。reliable,意为“可信赖的,可依靠的,可靠的”等Price alone is not a reliable indicator of quality.价格本身并不是质量的可靠指标。三、-an, -ian以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“相关的,有联系的”等有关,常见的有:agrarian,意为“农业的,土地的”等This part of the country is mainly agrarian.这个国家的这部分主要是农业。simian,意为像猿(或猴)的,猿(或猴)的“Ada had a wrinkled, simian face.埃达有一张布满皱纹、长得像猿猴的脸。四、-ary以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“与标准或地点有联系”等有关,常见的有:customary,意为”习俗的,习惯的“等She's not her customary cheerful self today.她今天不像往常那样快乐。momentary,意为”短暂的,短促的,片刻的“His hesitation was only momentary.他只迟疑了一下。cautionary,意为”劝告的,告诫的,警告的“In her conclusion, the author sounds a cautionary note .作者在结尾时敲响了警钟。dietary,意为”饮食的,有关饮食的,饮食中的“等Dietary habits can be very difficult to change.饮食习惯很难改变。五、-full以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特性或特征、倾向”等有关,常见的有:beautiful,意为”美丽的,美好的,很好的,出色的,巧妙的”等She looked stunningly beautiful that night.她那天晚上美极了。wonderful,意为“精彩的,绝妙的,令人高兴的,令人惊奇的”等It's so wonderful being able to see the sea from my window.从我的窗户能看到大海真是太好了。awful,意为“很坏的,可怕的,过多的”等He suffered awful injuries in the crash.他在车祸中受了重伤。skillful,意为“技术好的,熟练的,制作精良的”等Police officers have to be skillful drivers.警察必须是开车技术好的司机。successful,意为“达到目的的,有成效的,获得成功的”等My second attempt at making bread was a little more successful.我做面包的第二次尝试更成功一些。helpful,意为“有用的,有益的,有帮助的”等He made several helpful suggestions.他提出了一些有益的建议。colorful,意为“鲜艳的,鲜明的,有趣的,生动活泼的”等The old city around the cathedral is the most colorful part of town.大教堂周围的古城是镇上最有趣的部分。useful,意为“有用的,有益的,实用的,有帮助的”等Your advice was very useful, saving me a lot of time.你的建议很有用,节省了我很多时间。六、-ic以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟”有…品质、与…有关的“等有关,常见的有:generic,意为“一般的,普通的,通用的”等Jazz is a generic term for a wide range of different styles of music.爵士乐是各种不同风格音乐的总称。archaic,意为“古体的,已不通用的,陈旧的,古代的”等The system is archaic and unfair and needs changing.这个制度早已过时而且不公平,需要改变。idealistic,意为“理想主义的,空想的”等She's still young and idealistic.她还年轻并且耽于空想。historic,意为“历史上著名的,可名垂青史的”等How many historic buildings are damaged by fire each year?每年有多少历史建筑因火灾而受损?athletic,意为“健壮的,体育运动的,田径运动的”They have been given college scholarships purely on athletic ability.他们完全是凭体育特长才获得了大学奖学金。scenic,意为“风景优美的,舞台布景的”They took the scenic route back to the hotel.他们选了一条景色优美的路线回旅馆。fantastic,意为“怪诞的,不切实际的,极好的”等The weather was absolutely fantastic.天气十分宜人。七、-ive 以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“表演、表现”等有关,常见的有:festive,意为“节日的,喜庆的,欢乐的”等The whole town is in festive mood.全城喜气洋洋。cooperative,意为“合作的,协作的,同心协力的,协助的“等Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.要把社区工作做好,协作活动是必不可少的。sensitive,意为”体贴的,体恤的,感觉敏锐的,有悟性的“等She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.她很能体谅他人的感情。supportive,意为”给与帮助的,支持的“等She was very supportive during my father's illness.在我父亲生病期间,她给了很多帮助。八、-ish以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“天性、本性或性格”等有关,常见的有:reddish,意为”微红的,略带红色的“The leaves turn bright yellow or reddish-orange in the fall.叶子在秋天变成亮黄色或红橙色。foolish,意为”愚蠢的,傻的,出丑的“等I was foolish enough to believe what Jeff told me.我真蠢,竟相信杰夫和我说的话。childish,意为”孩子的,孩子气的,幼稚的,天真的“等I've had enough of your childish pranks.我受够了你幼稚的恶作剧。selfish,意为”自私的“It was selfish of him to leave all the work to you.他把所有的工作都推给你,真是自私。sheepish,意为”窘迫的,难为情的,不好意思的“Mary gave her a sheepish grin.玛丽难为情地冲她咧嘴一笑。pinkish,意为”浅红色的,略带桃红色的“Her eyes were puffy and pinkish and her pallid skin gleamed with sweat.她的眼睛浮肿而略带粉红色,苍白的皮肤因汗水而闪闪发光。九、-less以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“缺少、缺失或没能力”等有关,常见的有:worthless,意为”没用的,无价值的,不中用的“等The company's shares are now virtually worthless.这家公司的股票现在几乎一文不值。careless,意为”不仔细的,粗心的,疏忽的,淡漠的,不关心的“等It was careless of me to leave the door open.怪我粗心忘了关门。useless,意为”无用的,无效的,差劲的,不行的”等He knew it was useless to protest.他知道抗议是徒劳的。hopeless,意为”无望的,没有好转的希望,感到无望的“等It's hopeless trying to convince her.想说服她简直是徒劳。powerless,意为”无影响力的,无权的,无能为力的,做不到的”If you don't have money, you're powerless.如果你没有钱,就寸步难行。friendless,意为”没有朋友的,孤家寡人的“The boy was unhappy because he thought he was friendless.这个男孩自认为没有朋友,所以闷闷不乐。十、-like以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“像或类似”等有关,常见的有:lifelike,意为”逼真的,生动的,栩栩如生的”等A lifelike portrait of his two daughters hung on the wall.墙上挂着他两个女儿的栩栩如生的画像。ladylike,意为”文静的,温文尔雅的,淑女似的“Her language was not very ladylike.她的语言不怎么文雅。warlike,意为”好战的,好斗的,战争的,军事的”等It has no warlike significance.这没有好战的意味。childlike,意为”孩子般的,单纯的,童稚的,天真无邪的“等His most enduring quality is his childlike innocence.他最具持久魅力的特质就是他那孩子般的天真无邪。十一、-y以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“以…特征、倾向于”等有关,常见的有:rainy,意为”阴雨的,多雨的”They walked along the promenade on a rainy night.他们在一个雨夜沿着海滨道散步。funny,意为”滑稽的,好笑的,奇怪的,难以理解的“等She told me a funny story about Max.她给我讲了一个关于麦克斯的有趣故事。dirty,意为”肮脏的,龌龊的,下流的,卑鄙的,不诚实的”等He left his dirty towels on the bathroom floor.他把脏毛巾忘在浴室地板上了。messy,意为”肮脏的,凌乱的,使脏乱的,混乱的“等The house was always messy.这房子总是乱糟糟的。十二、-ous, -ose以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特征或特性、联系”等有关,常见的有:adventurous,意为”有冒险精神的,大胆开拓的,充满新鲜事物的”等Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative.许多教师愿意更加进取,更富创造性。courageous,意为”勇敢的,无畏的“It was a very frightening experience and they were very courageous.那是一次让人胆战心惊的经历,而他们表现得非常勇敢。advantageous,意为”有利的,有好处的”Free exchange of goods was advantageous to all.商品自由交换惠泽八方。poisonous,意为”引起中毒的,有毒的,分泌毒素的,恶毒的,邪恶的“等This gas is highly poisonous.这种气体有剧毒。dangerous,意为”有危险的,不安全的,引起危险的”The traffic here is very dangerous for children.这里的交通对孩子很危险。nervous,意为”焦虑的,担忧的,神经质的,易紧张的,神经系统的“等He had been nervous about inviting us.他过去一直不敢邀请我们。mysterious,意为”神秘的,奇怪的,陌生的,诡异的,故弄玄虚的”等A mysterious illness is affecting all the animals.一种奇怪的疾病正在侵袭所有的动物。victorious,意为”胜利的,获胜的,战胜的“He emerged victorious in the elections.他在竞选中脱颖而出获得胜利。bellicose,意为”好争辩的,好斗的,好战的”等The general made some bellicose statements about his country's military strength.将军对他的国家的军事实力发表了一些好战的言论。十三、-ant, -ent以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“特性、表现、存在”等有关,常见的有:important,意为”重要的,有重大影响的,影响很大的,权威的“等I have an important announcement to make.我要宣布一件重要的事情。dependent,意为”依靠的,依赖的,有瘾的”等You can't be dependent on your parents all your life.你不可能一辈子靠父母生活。relevant,意为”紧密相关的,切题的,有价值的,有意义的“These comments are not directly relevant to this enquiry.这些意见与这项调查没有直接联系。incessant,意为”不停的,持续不断的”This incessant rain and fog is getting me down.不停的下雨和雾使我心情沮丧。independent,意为”独立的,自主的,自治的,不相关的,公正的,有主见的“等Your questions should be independent of each other.你的问题应该彼此无关。十四、-ile以此类为后缀的形容词的意思跟“倾向、能力”等有关,常见的有:futile,意为”徒然的,徒劳的,无效的”Their efforts to revive him were futile.他们努力使他苏醒,但失败了。senile,意为”衰老的,年老糊涂的“I think she's going senile.我想她是衰老了。fragile,意为”易损的,易损的,不牢固的,脆弱的,精细的,虚弱的”等He leaned back in his fragile chair.他仰靠在那把摇摇晃晃的椅子上。