JoyStick Shield V1.a库编写+封装
昨天给L同学展示了一下这个遥控器，今天为它封装一个库吧
上面的接口可以加诺基亚的屏幕或者与外界沟通的器件
（A）1个PS2带按钮十字摇杆，4颗圆形按钮,2个小按键。
（B）板载的开关电压可以在3.3V和5V之间切换。
（C）1个复位按键
（D）xbee/Bluetooh Bee/APC220蓝牙无线数传接口
（E）2.4G NRF24L01 RF无线数传接口
（F）Nokia 5110 LCD接口
其中对于摇杆来说，摇杆有两个电位器，可连接到Arduino上的模拟引脚A0和A1。A0的值对应于X位置。A1的值对应于Y位置。要读取这些模拟值，请使用AnalogRead()函数。
在这里
找到了一些对应的引脚映射图
https://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Dev/Arduino/Shields/Joystick_Shield-v14.pdf包括一个原理图，其实用万用表就可以测出来
接下来就给我们的板子写个驱动吧！在写之前，先写一个关于摇杆的代码~
我们先把引脚安排了
两个数字口，检测XY
SW检测是否摁下
#define x A5 //定义X轴对应的引脚为A5 #define y A4 //定义y轴对应的引脚为A4#define sw 2 //定义按键对应的引脚为2 void setup() { pinMode(sw, INPUT); //设置为输入模式 digitalWrite(sw,HIGH); //给sw高电平,非按下状态为1,按下状态为0 Serial.begin(115200); //设置波特率} void loop() { Serial.print("x = "); //串口输出x值 Serial.print(analogRead(x)); Serial.print(" | "); Serial.print("y = "); //串口输出y值 Serial.print(analogRead(y)); Serial.print(" | "); Serial.print("key = "); //串口输出sw值 Serial.println(digitalRead(sw)); delay(50); //延时50毫秒}结果，中间加 | 好看
库的组织形式是这样的
例子+实现的头+源码+关键词+reademe+授权
#ifndef JoystickShield_H#define JoystickShield_H
#define CENTERTOLERANCE 5
// 兼容 Arduino 1.0
#if ARDUINO >= 100#include <Arduino.h>#else#include <WProgram.h>#endif先写点头，其实有时候不知道先写头是身子
/** * 枚举来保存操纵杆的不同状态 * */enum JoystickStates{ CENTER, // 0 UP, RIGHT_UP, RIGHT, RIGHT_DOWN, DOWN, LEFT_DOWN, LEFT, LEFT_UP //8};用枚举来保存状态
头文件的组织形式
我们要编写的子函数是这么多
涉及到的回调和一些变量
static const bool ALL_BUTTONS_OFF[7] = {false, false, false, false, false, false, false};//将按钮状态数组初始化为所有未按下的按钮管理一些板子上面按钮的初始情况
public: JoystickShield(); // 构造函数
void setJoystickPins(byte pinX, byte pinY); void setButtonPins(byte pinSelect, byte pinUp, byte pinRight, byte pinDown, byte pinLeft, byte pinF, byte pinE void setButtonPinsUnpressedState(byte pinSelect, byte pinUp, byte pinRight, byte pinDown, byte pinLeft, byte p void setThreshold(int xLow, int xHigh, int yLow, int yHigh);
void processEvents(); void processCallbacks();
void calibrateJoystick();
// 摇杆的事件 bool isCenter(); bool isUp(); bool isRightUp(); bool isRight(); bool isRightDown(); bool isDown(); bool isLeftDown(); bool isLeft(); bool isLeftUp(); bool isNotCenter();
// 摇杆坐标 int xAmplitude(); int yAmplitude();
// Button events bool isJoystickButton(); bool isUpButton(); bool isRightButton(); bool isDownButton(); bool isLeftButton(); bool isFButton(); bool isEButton();
// 摇杆回调 void onJSCenter(void (*centerCallback)(void)); void onJSUp(void (*upCallback)(void)); void onJSRightUp(void (*rightUpCallback)(void)); void onJSRight(void (*rightCallback)(void)); void onJSRightDown(void (*rightDownCallback)(void)); void onJSDown(void (*downCallback)(void)); void onJSLeftDown(void (*leftDownCallback)(void)); void onJSLeft(void (*leftCallback)(void)); void onJSLeftUp(void (*leftUpCallback)(void)); void onJSnotCenter(void (*notCenterCallback)(void));
// 按钮回调 void onJoystickButton(void (*jsButtonCallback)(void)); void onUpButton(void (*upButtonCallback)(void)); void onRightButton(void (*rightButtonCallback)(void)); void onDownButton(void (*downButtonCallback)(void)); void onLeftButton(void (*leftButtonCallback)(void)); void onFButton(void (*FButtonCallback)(void)); void onEButton(void (*EButtonCallback)(void));这些函数统一是共有的，用public修饰一下
具体的作用和参数后面实现的时候再讲
// 阈值 int x_threshold_low; int x_threshold_high; int y_threshold_low; int y_threshold_high; // 操纵杆的引脚 byte pin_analog_x; byte pin_analog_y; // 按钮摇杆 byte pin_joystick_button; byte pin_up_button; byte pin_right_button; byte pin_down_button; byte pin_left_button; byte pin_F_button; byte pin_E_button; byte pin_joystick_button_unpressed; byte pin_up_button_unpressed; byte pin_right_button_unpressed; byte pin_down_button_unpressed; byte pin_left_button_unpressed; byte pin_F_button_unpressed; byte pin_E_button_unpressed; // 摇杆 byte joystickStroke; int x_position; int y_position; //当前的摇杆状态 JoystickStates currentStatus; // 按钮状态数组，允许同时按下多个按钮 //顺序是上、右、下、左、e、f、操纵杆 bool buttonStates[7];使用到的变量用private修饰
// 摇杆回调void (*centerCallback)(void);void (*upCallback)(void);void (*rightUpCallback)(void);void (*rightCallback)(void);void (*rightDownCallback)(void);void (*downCallback)(void);void (*leftDownCallback)(void);void (*leftCallback)(void);void (*leftUpCallback)(void);void (*notCenterCallback)(void);// 按钮回调void (*jsButtonCallback)(void);void (*upButtonCallback)(void);void (*rightButtonCallback)(void);void (*downButtonCallback)(void);void (*leftButtonCallback)(void);void (*FButtonCallback)(void);void (*EButtonCallback)(void);// 辅助函数void clearButtonStates();void initializeCallbacks();所有的回调函数，同理
下面开始写实现，一开始嘛~写个构造函数不为过，走你！
/** * 构造函数 * */JoystickShield::JoystickShield(){ // 定义一些阈值。如果你的操纵杆不同，改这里 setThreshold(510, 530, 510, 540);
// 摇杆将操纵杆连接到引脚 0 和 1。自己也是可以去更改的 setJoystickPins(0, 1);
// 扩展板的按钮引脚 setButtonPins(8, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 6);
// 默认情况下的居中的位置 currentStatus = CENTER;
// 将按钮状态数组初始化为所有未按下的按钮 memcpy(buttonStates, ALL_BUTTONS_OFF, sizeof(ALL_BUTTONS_OFF));
// 将所有回调函数指针初始化为 NULL initializeCallbacks();}上面的一些函数是子函数，接下来慢慢实现
/** * 设置连接到操纵杆的Analyog引脚 * */void JoystickShield::setJoystickPins(byte pinX, byte pinY){ pin_analog_x = pinX; pin_analog_y = pinY;
// 将操纵杆引脚设置为输入模式 pinMode(pin_analog_x, INPUT); pinMode(pin_analog_y, INPUT);}就是XY的电位器引脚的设置，函数是自带的
在头文件按内部有定义
/** * 设置按钮使用的引脚 * 要停用按钮，请使用 arduino 范围之外的引脚，例如 255 */void JoystickShield::setButtonPins(byte pinSelect, byte pinUp, byte pinRight, byte pinDown, byte pinLeft, byte pinF, byte pinE){ pin_joystick_button = pinSelect;
pin_up_button = pinUp; pin_right_button = pinRight; pin_down_button = pinDown; pin_left_button = pinLeft;
pin_F_button = pinF; pin_E_button = pinE;
//将按钮引脚设置为输入模式 pinMode(pin_joystick_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_up_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_right_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_down_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_left_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_E_button, INPUT); pinMode(pin_F_button, INPUT);
//按钮默认使用上拉电阻 setButtonPinsUnpressedState(HIGH, HIGH, HIGH, HIGH, HIGH, HIGH, HIGH);}对这些按钮进行设置，在上面得调用里面也是有的
/* * * 配置来自未按下按钮的输入是高还是低。 * 这将相应地为按钮的引脚启用上拉或下拉电阻。 */void JoystickShield::setButtonPinsUnpressedState(byte pinSelect, byte pinUp, byte pinRight, byte pinDown, byte pinLeft, byte pinF, byte pinE){ //存储未按下状态 pin_joystick_button_unpressed = pinSelect ? HIGH : LOW; pin_up_button_unpressed = pinUp ? HIGH : LOW; pin_right_button_unpressed = pinRight ? HIGH : LOW; pin_down_button_unpressed = pinDown ? HIGH : LOW; pin_left_button_unpressed = pinLeft ? HIGH : LOW; pin_F_button_unpressed = pinF ? HIGH : LOW; pin_E_button_unpressed = pinE ? HIGH : LOW;
//为按钮启用上拉或下拉电阻 digitalWrite(pin_joystick_button, pin_joystick_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_up_button, pin_up_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_right_button, pin_right_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_down_button, pin_down_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_left_button, pin_left_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_F_button, pin_F_button_unpressed); digitalWrite(pin_E_button, pin_E_button_unpressed);}按钮按下后的传感器情况，一次7个按钮，单独管理很呆，写个函数就好了
/** * 为操纵杆配置阈值 */void JoystickShield::setThreshold(int xLow, int xHigh, int yLow, int yHigh){ x_threshold_low = xLow; x_threshold_high = xHigh; y_threshold_low = yLow; y_threshold_high = yHigh;XY的阈值时多少,也要约束
太那啥了,模糊.懂就行
/** * *校准操纵杆 * */void JoystickShield::calibrateJoystick(){ byte i;
// 校准 x int xCenter = 0; for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) xCenter += analogRead(pin_analog_x); xCenter /= i;
// 校准 y int yCenter = 0; for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) yCenter += analogRead(pin_analog_y); yCenter /= i;
// 保存摇杆行程 joystickStroke = max(pin_analog_x, pin_analog_y) * 1.01;
// 设置中心差 setThreshold(xCenter - CENTERTOLERANCE, xCenter + CENTERTOLERANCE, yCenter - CENTERTOLERANCE, yCenter + CENTERTOLERANCE);}作为我们的遥控器,怎么能少的了校准功能呢
整一个!
精华代码,想法就是先假定我们已经知道中心位置了
然后去加减实际的数值,获得一个修正的校准值
/** * 处理的函数,在loop()中不停轮回,它们真累 * */void JoystickShield::processEvents(){ int x_direction = 0; int y_direction = 0;
// 从操纵杆引脚读取 x_position = analogRead(pin_analog_x); y_position = analogRead(pin_analog_y);
// 确定操纵杆方向 if (x_position > x_threshold_high) { x_direction = 1; x_position = map(x_position, x_threshold_high, x_threshold_high + x_threshold_low, 0, 100); x_position = constrain(x_position, 0, 100); } else if (x_position < x_threshold_low) { x_direction = -1; x_position = map(x_position, 0, x_threshold_low, -100, 0); } else x_position = 0;
if (y_position > y_threshold_high) { y_direction = 1; y_position = map(y_position, y_threshold_high, y_threshold_high + y_threshold_low, 0, 100); y_position = constrain(y_position, 0, 100); } else if (y_position < y_threshold_low) { y_direction = -1; y_position = map(y_position, 0, y_threshold_low, -100, 0); } else y_position = 0;
if (x_direction == -1) { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = LEFT_DOWN; } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = LEFT; } else { currentStatus = LEFT_UP; } } else if (x_direction == 0) { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = DOWN; } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = CENTER; } else { currentStatus = UP; } } else { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = RIGHT_DOWN; } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = RIGHT; } else { currentStatus = RIGHT_UP; } }全场最--\(˙<>˙)/--的代码来啦!
我们先认为,现在不做任何动作的时候是原点(这不废话)
然后我们去读传感器的数值
实在不好看,我再画个简图
x = map(t,fromMAX,fromMIN,toMAX,forMIN);
x,t为同类型变量formMAX与fromMIN为t变量本身的上下界toMAX与toMIN为x变量的上下界
该函数将t变量值根据范围比例变换后将结果存入x变量。看不懂?
map(num，旧区间初值，旧区间终值，新区间初值，新区间终值)；意思就是把num这个数从旧区间映射到新区间这个看懂了吧
也用到了这个函数
对一个方向的映射和计算
对一个方向的完整版
两个方向的映射计算
这里的代码是按钮对角线的位置
大概就是这样
if (x_direction == -1) { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = LEFT_DOWN;//6 } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = LEFT;//7 } else { currentStatus = LEFT_UP;//8 } } else if (x_direction == 0) { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = DOWN; } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = CENTER; } else { currentStatus = UP; } } else { if (y_direction == -1) { currentStatus = RIGHT_DOWN; } else if (y_direction == 0) { currentStatus = RIGHT; } else { currentStatus = RIGHT_UP; }通过简单的判断标志位,想不出来别的巧妙的办法了
//确定按下了哪些按钮，相应地将按钮状态数组值设置为 true/false buttonStates[0] = digitalRead(pin_up_button) != pin_up_button_unpressed; buttonStates[1] = digitalRead(pin_right_button) != pin_right_button_unpressed; buttonStates[2] = digitalRead(pin_down_button) != pin_down_button_unpressed; buttonStates[3] = digitalRead(pin_left_button) != pin_left_button_unpressed; buttonStates[4] = digitalRead(pin_E_button) != pin_E_button_unpressed; buttonStates[5] = digitalRead(pin_F_button) != pin_F_button_unpressed; buttonStates[6] = digitalRead(pin_joystick_button) != pin_joystick_button_unpressed;来判断摁下了什么按钮,更改标志位
if (isCenter() && centerCallback != NULL) { centerCallback(); }先展示一个回调事件
摇杆的回调就这么多
// 按钮回调if (isJoystickButton() && jsButtonCallback != NULL){ jsButtonCallback();}和上面一样,写一个按钮回调样子
同理
/** * 处于中心状态的操纵杆 * */bool JoystickShield::isCenter(){ if (currentStatus == CENTER) { return true; } else { return false; }}/** * * 摇杆x位置,从-100到100,0为中心 */int JoystickShield::xAmplitude(){ return x_position;}数组读取法
/** * 摇杆按钮按下 * */bool JoystickShield::isJoystickButton(){ return buttonStates[6];}摇杆的按钮,CW
/** * 将所有函数指针初始化为 NULL * */void JoystickShield::initializeCallbacks(){ // 操纵杆回调 centerCallback = NULL; upCallback = NULL; rightUpCallback = NULL; rightCallback = NULL; rightDownCallback = NULL; downCallback = NULL; leftDownCallback = NULL; leftCallback = NULL; leftUpCallback = NULL; notCenterCallback = NULL;
// 按钮回调 jsButtonCallback = NULL; upButtonCallback = NULL; rightButtonCallback = NULL; downButtonCallback = NULL; leftButtonCallback = NULL; FButtonCallback = NULL; EButtonCallback = NULL;}
写回调函数前,把指针的事情理明白
/** * 操纵杆回调 * *//****************************************************************** */void JoystickShield::onJSCenter(void (*centerCallback)(void)){ this->centerCallback = centerCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSUp(void (*upCallback)(void)){ this->upCallback = upCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSRightUp(void (*rightUpCallback)(void)){ this->rightUpCallback = rightUpCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSRight(void (*rightCallback)(void)){ this->rightCallback = rightCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSRightDown(void (*rightDownCallback)(void)){ this->rightDownCallback = rightDownCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSDown(void (*downCallback)(void)){ this->downCallback = downCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSLeftDown(void (*leftDownCallback)(void)){ this->leftDownCallback = leftDownCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSLeft(void (*leftCallback)(void)){ this->leftCallback = leftCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSLeftUp(void (*leftUpCallback)(void)){ this->leftUpCallback = leftUpCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onJSnotCenter(void (*notCenterCallback)(void)){ this->notCenterCallback = notCenterCallback;}
摇杆回调
/** * 按钮回调 * *//****************************************************************** */void JoystickShield::onJoystickButton(void (*jsButtonCallback)(void)){ this->jsButtonCallback = jsButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onUpButton(void (*upButtonCallback)(void)){ this->upButtonCallback = upButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onRightButton(void (*rightButtonCallback)(void)){ this->rightButtonCallback = rightButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onDownButton(void (*downButtonCallback)(void)){ this->downButtonCallback = downButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onLeftButton(void (*leftButtonCallback)(void)){ this->leftButtonCallback = leftButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onFButton(void (*FButtonCallback)(void)){ this->FButtonCallback = FButtonCallback;}
void JoystickShield::onEButton(void (*EButtonCallback)(void)){ this->EButtonCallback = EButtonCallback;}
按钮回调
非静态成员函数实际上的形参个数比程序员写的多一个。
多出来的参数就是所谓的“this指针”。
这个“this指针”指向了成员函数作用的对象，在成员函数执行的过程中，正是通过“Ihis指针”才能找到对象所在的地址，因而也就能找到对象的所有非静态成员变量的地址。
this 指针是一个隐含于每一个成员函数中的特殊指针。它指向正在被该成员函数操作的那个对象。
当对一个对象调用成员函数时，编译程序先将对象的地址赋给 this 指针，然后调用成员函数，每次成员函数存取数据成员时，由隐含使用 this 指针。
当一个成员函数被调用时，自动向它传递一个隐含的参数，该参数是一个指向这个成员函数所在的对象的指针。
this 指针被隐含地声明为: ClassName const this，这意味着不能给 this 指针赋值；在 ClassName 类的 const 成员函数中，this 指针的类型为：const ClassName const，这说明不能对 this 指针所指向的这种对象是不可修改的（即不能对这种对象的数据成员进行赋值操作）；
由于 this 并不是一个常规变量，所以，不能取得 this 的地址。
在以下场景中，经常需要显式引用 this 指针：
为实现对象的链式引用；
为避免对同一对象进行赋值操作；
在实现一些数据结构时，如 list。
void JoystickShield::onJSCenter(void (*centerCallback)(void))上面这个写法是定义一个指向函数的函数指针
满足 void xxx(int, char*) 的函数这样的形式就是回调函数
回调函数是由用户撰写，而由操作系统调用的一类函数，回调函数可以把调用者和被调用者分开，调用者（例如操作系统）不需要关心被调用者到底是哪个函数，它所知道的就是有这么一类函数，这类满足相同的函数签名（函数原型，参数，返回值等），由用户书写完毕后在被调用就可以了。实现上回调函数一般都是通过函数指针来实现的。回调函数就是一个通过函数指针调用的函数.回调函数不是由该函数的实现方直接调用，而是在特定的事件或条件发生时由另外的一方调用的，用于对该事件或条件进行响应。当你调用一个方法A，并不需要等待A的执行结果，而是直接往下执行，A会主动通知你，这就是回调。
https://blog.csdn.net/u014488388/article/details/54891057http://c.biancheng.net/view/170.html这个老哥写的demo不错
#include <JoystickShield.h>JoystickShield joystickShield; // 创建一个实例void setup(){ Serial.begin(9600);
delay(100); joystickShield.calibrateJoystick(); // 校准函数
// 摇杆回调 joystickShield.onJSUp(&up); joystickShield.onJSRightUp(&rightUp); joystickShield.onJSRight(&right); joystickShield.onJSRightDown(&rightDown); joystickShield.onJSDown(&down); joystickShield.onJSLeftDown(&leftDown); joystickShield.onJSLeft(&left); joystickShield.onJSLeftUp(&leftUp); joystickShield.onJSnotCenter(¬Center);
// 按钮回调 joystickShield.onJoystickButton(&joystickButton); joystickShield.onUpButton(&upButton); joystickShield.onRightButton(&rightButton); joystickShield.onDownButton(&downButton); joystickShield.onLeftButton(&leftButton); joystickShield.onFButton(&FButton); joystickShield.onEButton(&EButton);}
void loop(){ joystickShield.processCallbacks(); // 你什么也没有做 delay(500);}
/** 定义回调函数 **/void up(){ Serial.println("Up from callback");}
void rightUp(){ Serial.println("Right Up from callback");}
void right(){ Serial.println("Right from callback");}
void rightDown(){ Serial.println("Right Down from callback");}
void down(){ Serial.println("Down from callback");}
void leftDown(){ Serial.println("Left Down from callback");}
void left(){ Serial.println("Left from callback");}
void leftUp(){ Serial.println("Left Up from callback");}
void joystickButton(){ Serial.println("Joystick from callback");}
void upButton(){ Serial.println("Up Button from callback");}
void rightButton(){ Serial.println("Right Button from callback");}
void downButton(){ Serial.println("Down Button from callback");}
void leftButton(){ Serial.println("Left Button from callback");}
void FButton(){ Serial.println("F Button from callback");}
void EButton(){ Serial.println("E Button from callback");}
void notCenter(){ Serial.println("回调不在中心"); // 新的位置函数 Serial.print("x "); Serial.print(joystickShield.xAmplitude()); Serial.print(" y "); Serial.println(joystickShield.yAmplitude());}
写个回调的例子
#################################################
######################################## Datatypes (KEYWORD1)#######################################
JoystickShield KEYWORD1
######################################## Methods and Functions (KEYWORD2)#######################################
setJoystickPins KEYWORD2setButtonPins KEYWORD2setThreshold KEYWORD2
processEvents KEYWORD2processCallbacks KEYWORD2
# Joystick Functions
isCenter KEYWORD2isUp KEYWORD2isRightUp KEYWORD2isRight KEYWORD2isRightDown KEYWORD2isDown KEYWORD2isLeftDown KEYWORD2isLeft KEYWORD2isLeftUp KEYWORD2isnotCenter KEYWORD2
# Button Functions
isJoystickButton KEYWORD2isUpButton KEYWORD2isRightButton KEYWORD2isDownButton KEYWORD2isLeftButton KEYWORD2isFButton KEYWORD2isEButton KEYWORD2
# Joystick coordinatesxAmplitude KEYWORD2yAmplitude KEYWORD2
# Joystick callbacks Functions
onJSCenter KEYWORD2onJSUp KEYWORD2onJSRightUp KEYWORD2onJSRight KEYWORD2onJSRightDown KEYWORD2onJSDown KEYWORD2onJSLeftDown KEYWORD2onJSLeft KEYWORD2onJSLeftUp KEYWORD2onJSnotCenter KEYWORD2
# Button callbacks
onJoystickButton KEYWORD2onUpButton KEYWORD2onRightButton KEYWORD2onDownButton KEYWORD2onLeftButton KEYWORD2onFButton KEYWORD2onEButton KEYWORD2
######################################## Constants (LITERAL1)#######################################
#Joystick states
CENTER LITERAL1UP LITERAL1RIGHT_UP LITERAL1RIGHT LITERAL1RIGHT_DOWN LITERAL1DOWN LITERAL1LEFT_DOWN LITERAL1LEFT LITERAL1LEFT_UP LITERAL1
#Button states
NO_BUTTON LITERAL1JOYSTICK_BUTTON LITERAL1UP_BUTTON LITERAL1RIGHT_BUTTON LITERAL1DOWN_BUTTON LITERAL1LEFT_BUTTON LITERAL1F_BUTTON LITERAL1E_BUTTON LITERAL1
keyword的列表也写一下
学C++去了,基础不牢,地动山摇.哭哭
赞 (0)