骨科英文书籍精读(255)|股骨转子下骨折(2)
我们正在精读国外经典骨科书籍《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》,想要对于骨科英文形成系统认识,为以后无障碍阅读英文文献打下基础,请持续关注。
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Clinical features
The leg lies in neutral or external rotation and looks short; the thigh is markedly swollen. Movement is excruciatingly painful.
X-ray
The fracture is through or below the lesser trochanter. It may be transverse, oblique or spiral, and is frequently comminuted. The upper fragment is flexed and appears deceptively short; the shaft is adducted and is displaced proximally.
Three important features should be looked for, as the presence of any one will influence treatment: (1) an unusually long fracture line extending proximally towards the greater trochanter and piriform fossa; (2) a large, displaced fragment which includes the lesser trochanter; and (3) lytic lesions in the femur.
---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》
重点词汇整理:
/ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋli/adv. 极其痛苦地;难以忍受地
deceptively /dɪˈseptɪvli/adv. 看似;不像看上去那么;比实际更显得
piriform fossa梨状窝
/'pirə,fɔ:m/adj. (尤指身体器官)梨形的
/'fɔsə/n. [解剖] 凹;小窝
lytic /'litik/adj. 裂解的,溶解的;溶菌作用的
百度翻译:
临床特征
腿部呈中性或外旋,看起来很短;大腿明显肿胀。运动是非常痛苦的。
X射线
骨折是通过或低于小转子。它可以是横向的,倾斜的或螺旋形的,并且经常被粉碎。上部碎片弯曲,看起来很短;轴内收,向近端移位。
应寻找三个重要特征,因为任何一个特征的存在都会影响治疗:(1)向大转子和梨状窝近端延伸的异常长的骨折线;(2)包括小转子在内的巨大移位碎片;(3)股骨的溶解性病变。