三级内科重症监护病房优化肠内营养流程相关障碍

Nutr Clin Pract. 2016 Feb;31(1):80-5.

Process-Related Barriers to Optimizing Enteral Nutrition in a Tertiary Medical Intensive Care Unit.

Kozeniecki M, McAndrew N, Patel JJ.

Nutrition Services Department, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Department of Nursing, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

PURPOSE: Enteral nutrition (EN) is the preferred route of nutrient delivery in critically ill patients. Research has consistently described an incomplete delivery of EN in critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate barriers to reach and maintain >90% prescribed EN among critically ill medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort quality improvement study of patients ≥18 years of age admitted to a tertiary medical ICU and referred for EN from October 1-December 31, 2013. We excluded patients who received intermittent or bolus feeding. Demographic, clinical, and nutrition data were collected. Potential barriers to EN were categorized a priori.

RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients receiving 344 days of EN were included in the study. EN was initiated at a median of 32 hours (interquartile range, 18.5-75 hours) after ICU admission. Initiation and advancement of EN was identified as the most common reason for <90% prescribed intake. The top 5 interruption reasons were extubation, fasting for bedside procedure, loss of enteral access, gastric residual volume (0-499 mL), and radiology suite procedure.

CONCLUSIONS: Suboptimal EN volume delivery continues to be an issue in critically ill patients. Our study identified initiation and advancement of EN as the most common reason for suboptimal EN volume delivery. Variation in practice was noted within several categories, and multiple reversible barriers to optimal EN delivery were identified. These data can serve as the impetus to modify practice models and workflow to optimize EN delivery among critically ill patients.

KEYWORDS: critical care; critical illness; enteral nutrition; intensive care unit; nutritional support; process assessment

PMID: 26471285

DOI: 10.1177/0884533615611845