deviate-inhibit:藏一手,将死神拒之门外
截止到现在,本公众号已更新150篇文章,基本涵盖了所有的词汇变化规律、造词例句和释义方式。读者也可以直接通过“词汇精编”回顾以往的精品文章(暂告一段落,以后还可能更新)。因为要开学了,本公众号将按学校大学英语教材第三册各单元的词汇顺序,逐一分析单词词源等。
de-为前缀,表分开(=off),-ate是后缀,词根via源自单词via,via源自原始印欧语词根*wegh-(移动=go、move),W形表曲径,引申指道路、走路,借指移动,这里指走偏了,即偏离、背离。
同根词有:always; away; convection; convey; convex; convoy; deviate; devious; envoy; evection; earwig; foy; graywacke;impervious; invective; inveigh; invoice; Norway; obviate; obvious; ochlocracy; ogee; pervious; previous; provection; quadrivium;thalweg; trivia; trivial; trivium; vector; vehemence; vehement; vehicle; vex; via; viaduct; viatic; viaticum; vogue; voyage; wacke;wag; waggish; wagon; wain; wall-eyed; wave (n.); way; wee; weigh; weight; wey; wiggle.
例句:
can now appreciate how much courage it must have taken for those teachers tolet me deviate so broadly from the lesson plan.
如今我能领悟到,作为老师,让我与教学计划偏离甚远,她们该需要多大的勇气啊。
pre-前缀,表前(=before),词根clue源自close,close(关闭)源自原始印欧语词根*klau-(钩子、钉子=crook、hook),C为K的同音[k]通转,K表手,比喻指(像手一样抓住物体的)钩子。
同根词有:include、exclude、close、conclude、exclusive、conclusive、disclose等。
例句:
A publicity campaign explained the matter to the British hosts so as to save theirpride and preclude embarrassment.
当作一个公开的运动去对英国主人说明,以维持他们的面子,并避免窘迫。
源自prime,prime中pri是词根per-的变体,源自原始印欧语中表示最高级的词缀*preis-(前=forward),P为Ph省略轻音字母h产生,Ph又与F同音[f]通转,F表木栓、木钉,引申指拴住、附着,这里用“附着的位置”特指“前面”。值得一提的是,英语中,前后的方位是相对的,后用after表示,也是F表义。
同根词:per-的变体,还有pre-、pri-、pro-、prae-、para-、for-、far-等。(从中可以看出,元音字母替换和省略,不影响词根义)
例句:
Take the National Hockey League, ice hockey's premier body, which has foryears been trying to expand its audience and commercial reach.
以顶级冰球组织——国家冰球联盟(NHL)为例。该联盟多年来一直在努力吸引更多观众,延伸商业触角。
civic源自city,city源自原始印欧语词根*kei-(藏身处=lie),K为C的同音[k]通转,C形表包围,比喻指藏身之所,这里指人们聚居的地方。也指被爱的(beloved)
同根词有:ceilidh; cemetery; city; civic; civil; civilian; civilization; civilize; hide; incivility; incunabula;Siva.
例句:
Sense of civic responsibility is an important part of citizens' qualities in moderncitizenship, and is the core of civic education .
青少年公民义务意识是现代公民素质的主要组成部门,是公民教育的核心内容。
-ic是后缀,-iot是后缀,词根patr源自father,father源自原始印欧语词根*pəter- (父亲=father)。拟声词,模仿婴儿对父亲的称呼的声音,即“pa-”。前面我们提过,P为F的同音[f]Ph省略轻音字母h产生,也就是说father源自拟声。
英语国家称呼自己的“祖国”为“land of father(父国)”。
例句:
He said his decision to bid for the bronzes had been a "patriotic" act.
他说他去竞拍这两件青铜宝物的决定是一种爱国行为。
in-是en-的变体,表'里面(=in)’,词根hibit源自原始印欧语词根*ghabh-(抓住=hold),脱落字母G形表包围,引申指包围进来,即抓住、阻碍、约束等。
同根词:able; avoirdupois; binnacle; cohabit; cohabitation; debenture; debit; debt; dishabille; due; duty; endeavor;exhibit; exhibition; forgive; gavel; gift; give; habeas corpus; habiliment; habit; habitable; habitant; habitat; habitation; habitual;habituate; habituation; habitude; habitue; inhabit; inhibit; inhibition; malady; prebend; prohibit; prohibition; provender.
例句:
Research suggests that this natural extract may also inhibit the conversion ofexcess calories to body fat.
研究表明:这种天然提取物还可以抑制过剩热量转换成脂肪。
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单词成就英语,英语照见未来