【晨读】颞下颌关节综合征（一）
英语晨读 ·
山东省立医院疼痛科英语晨读已经坚持10余年的时间了，每天交班前15分钟都会精选一篇英文文献进行阅读和翻译。一是可以保持工作后的英语阅读习惯，二是可以学习前沿的疼痛相关知识。我们会将晨读内容与大家分享，助力疼痛学习。
本次文献选自Maini, K., & Dua, A. (2020). Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing。本次学习由赵学军主任医师主讲。
Temporomandibular joint syndrome is also known as temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common type of musculoskeletal disorder in the orofacial region involving the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures. The typical features are pain in the TMJ, restriction of mandibular movement, TMJ, and facial deformities. This activity will review the importance of the interprofessional team in the diagnosis and management of this condition.
颞下颌关节综合征又称颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD），是一种常见的口面部肌肉骨骼系统疾病，累及咀嚼肌、颞下颌关节及相关结构。典型特征是颞下颌关节疼痛、下颌运动受限、颞下颌关节和面部畸形。本文将回顾跨专业团队在诊断和治疗该疾病方面的重要性。
Objectives:
Review the disorders associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD).
Summarize the presentation of a patient with temporomandibular disorder (TMD).
Describe the workup of a patient with temporomandibular disorder (TMD).
It is essential to communicate and collaborate between providers as most patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) require a combined approach of both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic measures, which can help reduce suffering and alleviate the symptoms of TMJ pain.
目的：
回顾与颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD）相关的疾病。
总结颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD）患者的表现。
描述颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD）患者的检查。
由于大多数颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD）患者需要药物和非药物措施相结合的方法，这有助于减少痛苦和减轻颞下颌关节疼痛症状，因此医生之间的沟通和合作至关重要。
Introduction
The temporomandibular joint syndrome is also known as temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common type of musculoskeletal disorder in the orofacial region involving the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures. The typical features are pain in TMJ, restriction of mandibular movement, TMJ sound, and facial deformities.
前言
颞下颌关节综合征又称颞下颌关节功能紊乱（TMD），是一种常见的口面部肌肉骨骼系统疾病，累及咀嚼肌、颞下颌关节及相关结构。其典型特征是颞下颌关节疼痛、下颌运动受限、颞下颌关节声音和面部畸形。
TMJ Anatomy
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a bi-arthrodial joint that is composed of the temporal bone's articular surface and the head of the mandible, enclosed in a fibrous capsule. The joint is separated into two synovial joint cavities by an articular disc. The anterior portion of the disc is attached to the joint capsule, articular eminence, and the upper area of the lateral pterygoid. The posterior portion relates to the mandibular fossa and the temporal bone, also referred to as the retrodiscal tissue. The three major ligaments, temporomandibular, stylomandibular, and sphenomandibular ligaments, stabilize the TMJ.
Arterial blood supply to the TMJ is primarily from the superficial temporal and maxillary branches of the external carotid. Other contributing branches include the anterior tympanic, deep auricular, and ascending pharyngeal arteries. The sensory nerve supply to the TMJ is by the auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of the mandibular nerve (V3), which is a branch of the trigeminal nerve.
颞下颌关节的解剖
颞下颌关节（TMJ）是由颞骨关节面和下颌骨头部组成的双关节，由纤维囊包裹。关节被关节盘分成两个滑膜关节腔。关节盘的前部与关节囊、关节隆起和翼外肌上部相连。后部与下颌窝和颞骨有关，也称为关节盘后组织。颞下颌、茎突下颌和蝶骨下颌三大韧带稳定颞下颌关节。
颞下颌关节的动脉血供主要来自颈外动脉的颞浅支和上颌支。其他分支包括鼓室前动脉、耳深动脉和咽升动脉。颞下颌关节的感觉神经由三叉神经的耳颞支和咬肌支供应。