每课一词：新概念英语第1册第143课
【新一词汇专项练习】
【往期回顾】
接下来我们继续来看第143课的“每课一词”：
Lesson 143 A walk through the woods
I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. It is a famous beauty spot. On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods. Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rubbish everywhere. Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad. I counted seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette-ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins. Among the rubbish I found a sign which said: “Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted!”
——选自《新概念英语》第一册，外语教学与研究出版社，1997年10月第1版
二、每课一词
cover
【源】
12世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古法语的covrir；最初源自拉丁语的cooperire，意为“完全盖住，遮住”。
【音】
['kʌvə(r)]
【义】
cover用作动词时，主要表示“覆盖”。如：
Snow covered the ground.
积雪覆盖了大地。
cover用作名词时，主要表示“盖子”。如：
I can't make the cover of the tin fit on.
我无法把这罐头的盖子盖上。
【注意】
be covered with与be covered by
两个短语的共同意思是“被…所遮盖”，当介词宾语为自然物时，两者可互换。如：
The mountain is covered with / by snow all the year round.
山上终年积雪。
其区别是：
1、强调状态时多接with，强调动作时多接by。如：
The mountains are covered with forests.
山上长满了树木。
His teeth were never entirely covered by his lips.
他的牙齿从未被嘴唇完全遮住过。
2、当介词宾语为一件较小的覆盖物（如cloth、book）时，一般要用with，因为此时往往用“人”作为行为施动者。如：
The table was covered with a table cloth (by me).
（我在）桌上盖了一块桌布。
三、更多拓展
Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted!
注意句中的prosecute，主要表示“起诉；告发”。如：
Trespassers will be prosecuted.
闲人免进，违者必究。
We should never prosecute the innocent.
我们决不应控告无辜的人。
