英文医学科普｜烧心
Eating spicy foods, such as pizza, may cause a person to feel heartburn. Although the name may imply the heart, heartburn has nothing to do with the heart itself. Heartburn is pain felt in the chest by a burning sensation in the esophagus, which is located close to where the heart is.
Here you can see the pizza passing from the mouth to the esophagus and on to the stomach. At junction between the stomach and esophagus is the lower esophageal sphincter. This muscular sphincter acts as a valve that normally keeps food and stomach acid in the stomach and prevents the stomach's contents from regurgitating back into the esophagus.
However, certain foods may affect the lower esophageal sphincter, making it less effective. That's how heartburn begins. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to digest food. The stomach has a mucous lining that protects it from hydrochloric acid, but the esophagus does not.
So, when food and stomach acid regurgitate back into the esophagus, a burning feeling is felt near the heart. This feeling is known as heartburn. Antacids may be used to relieve heartburn by making stomach juices less acidic, therefore reducing the burning feeling felt in the esophagus. If heartburn becomes frequent or prolonged, medical intervention may be necessary to correct the problem.
重点词汇汇总：
spicy /ˈspaɪsi/adj. 辛辣的；香的，多香料的；下流的
imply/ɪmˈplaɪ/vt. 意味；暗示；隐含
esophagus /ɪ'sɑfəɡəs/n. [解剖] 食管；[解剖] 食道
lower esophageal sphincter.食管下端括约肌 /ˈsfɪŋktər/n. [解剖] 括约肌
valve /vælv/n. 阀；[解剖] 瓣膜；真空管；活门vt. 装阀于；以活门调节
regurgitate英 /rɪˈɡɜːdʒɪteɪt/ 美 /rɪˈɡɜːrdʒɪteɪt/vi. 回流；回涌；反胃；反刍vt. 使回流；使回涌；使反刍
hydrochloric acid 盐酸/,haɪdrə'klorɪk/adj. 氯化氢的，盐酸的
mucous lining粘液外膜
/ˈmjuːkəs/adj. 黏液的；分泌黏液的
/ˈlaɪnɪŋ/n. 衬里；内层；衬套
Antacids制酸剂；抗酸药（antacid的复数） /æntˈæsɪd/
stomach juices胃液
medical intervention医疗干预
百度翻译：
吃辣味食物，如比萨饼，可能会导致人感到胃灼热。虽然这个名字可能暗示着心脏，但胃灼热与心脏本身无关。胃灼热是由于靠近心脏所在位置的食道中的烧灼感而在胸部感觉到的疼痛。
在这里，你可以看到比萨饼从嘴到食道，然后到胃。在胃和食道之间的交界处是食管下括约肌。这种肌肉括约肌起到通常将食物和胃酸保持在胃中并防止胃内容物回流到食道中的瓣膜的作用。
但是，某些食物可能会影响食管下括约肌，使其效果不佳。这就是胃灼热的开始。胃产生盐酸消化食物。胃有一个粘膜衬里，可以保护它免受盐酸的侵害，但食道却没有。
因此，当食物和胃酸反流回食道时，心脏附近会感觉到烧灼感。这种感觉被称为胃灼热。抗酸剂可用于通过使胃液酸性降低来缓解胃灼热，从而减少食道中的灼烧感。如果胃灼热频繁或延长，可能需要医疗干预来纠正问题。