锌锭剂对术后咽喉痛的影响：前瞻性随机、双盲、安慰剂对照组研究
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The Effect of Zinc Lozenge on Postoperative Sore Throat: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study
背景与目的
术后咽喉痛（POST）是气管插管后的常见表现，而口服锌可预防与化疗相关的口腔黏膜炎。本研究旨在评估锌锭剂对POST的影响。
方 法
把接受气管插管后行低风险或中风险手术的79例患者随机分为两组：给予安慰剂的对照组和术前30分钟给予40mg锌锭剂的锌组。在术后0,2,4,24小时后评估患者POST的发生率和严重程度（4点量表，0-3）。主要结局为术后4小时POST的发生率。次要结局为术后0，2和24小时后POST发生率和严重程度。
结 果
4小时后，锌组POST的发生率7%明显低于对照组29%（P=0.046）。锌组在术后即刻POST的发生率为0%，对照组为24%（P=0.004）。术后2小时为POST的高发期，锌组为10%，对照组为34%（P=0.0495）。24小时后锌组POST的发生率为13%，对照组为24%（无统计学差异）。锌组术后轻度（P=0.003）和中度（P=0.004）的POST明显减少。
结 论
术前30分钟给予单次剂量为40mg锌锭剂可以有效地减少术后4小时POST的发生率和在术后即刻轻中度POST的严重程度。
原始文献摘要
Farhang B, Grondin L.The Effect of Zinc Lozenge on Postoperative Sore Throat: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study, Anesth Analg. 2017 Sep 25. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002494.
BACKGROUND:
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is commonly seen after endotracheal intubation, and oral zinc prevents oral mucositis associated with chemotherapy. This study is designed to evaluate the effects of administration of zinc lozenges on POST.
METHODS:
Seventy-nine patients undergoing low- or moderate-risk surgery with endotracheal intubation were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Control group received placebo and zinc group received 40-mg zinc lozenges 30 minutes preoperatively. Patients were assessed for incidence and severity (4-point scale, 0-3) of POST at 0, 2, 4, and 24 hours postoperatively. The primary outcome was incidence of POST at 4 hours after surgery. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of POST at 0, 2, and 24 hours and the severity of POST.
RESULTS:
At 4 hours, there was a significantly lower incidence of POST in the zinc group, 7%, than the control group, 29% (P = .046). The incidence of POST at 0 hour was 0% in zinc group and 24% in control group (P = .004). The highest incidence of POST occurred at the second hour after surgery, with the rate of 10% in the zinc group and 34% in the control group (P = .0495). The incidence of POST at 24 hours was 13% in zinc group and 24% in control group (not significant). The severity of POST was significantly lower in the zinc group for mild (P = .003) and moderate (P = .004) POST.
CONCLUSIONS:
The administration of a single dose of 40-mg zinc lozenge 30 minutes preoperatively is effective to reduce both incidence of POST in the first 4 hours and severity of mild and moderate POST in the immediate postoperative period.
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