龙虾身上的超级材料

A lobster’s shell is pretty tough.

龙虾的壳是相当坚硬的。

But the transparent material on the underside of its tail may be even more amazing: Lab tests show the thin, stretchy substance is as sturdy as the rubber used to make tires.

但它尾巴下侧的透明材料甚至更为神奇:实验室测试显示，这种薄而有弹性的物质和用来制造轮胎的橡胶一样坚固。

Like the shell surrounding a lobster’s body, the flexible material on the underside of the crustacean’s tail contains chitin, a fibrous material found in the exoskeletons of many insects and crustaceans.

就像龙虾身体周围的外壳一样，甲壳类动物尾巴下方的柔韧材料含有几丁质，这是一种纤维状物质，存在于许多昆虫和甲壳类动物的外骨骼中。

But the team’s tests revealed the substance is about 90% water, which lends the material elasticity.

但研究小组的测试显示，龙虾尾部的这种物质含有90%的水，这使其具有弹性。

It also has a plywoodlike arrangement of microscopic layers, each with chitin fibers running largely in one direction, but with those in the neighboring layers running in somewhat different orientations.

它还具有类似胶合板的微观层结构，每一层的几丁质纤维主要沿着一个方向，但相邻层的几丁质纤维的方向略有不同。

This same sort of arrangement helps give plywood consistent strength in several directions that a single layer of wood doesn’t have, the researchers note.

研究人员指出，这种相同的排列方式有助于胶合板在几个方向上保持一致的强度，而单层木材则不具备这种强度。

The layered membrane is somewhat floppy and stretches to almost twice its normal length before it begins to stiffen, the team reports in a forthcoming issue of Acta Biomaterialia.

该研究小组在即将出版的《生物材料学报》上报告说，这种层状膜有些松软，在开始变硬之前，几乎可以伸展到正常长度的两倍。

Stretching the material further makes it get even stiffer, they note.

他们指出，进一步拉伸会使材料变得更硬。

Overall, the material is as tough as those used to make garden hoses, tires, and conveyor belts.

总的来说，这种材料和那些用来制作花园软管、轮胎和传送带的材料一样坚韧。

Another advantage of the layered arrangement of the membrane: Cuts or gouges that penetrate only a few outer layers typically don’t propagate into the intact layers, which renders the material “fault tolerant.”

薄膜分层排列的另一个优点是:只穿透少数外层的切割或凿痕通常不会传播到完整的层中，这使得材料具有“容错性”。

问题：

文中提到龙虾尾部内侧材料中含有以下哪两种成分？

A.几丁质

B.胶原蛋白

C.水

D.无机盐

留言回复正确选项，即可获得红包啦。朋友们快来试试吧！

感谢关注

跟amber一起看世界