丙泊酚全麻对嗅觉再学习的影响
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Effects of Propofol General Anesthesia on Olfactory Relearning
背景与目的
全身麻醉如何影响感觉的处理，导致记忆缺失仍不清楚
方 法
在这里，我们知道，在大鼠嗅觉皮质中，一种与学习相关的早基因的激活是不被丙泊酚阻断的，丙泊酚是一种抑制GABA A受体具有镇静作用的静脉全身麻醉剂。一旦麻醉后在有意识的再学习过程中，一种新气味不能再重新激活同样高的转录水平。
结 果
行为学实验表明，动物在全身麻醉下，有意识地重新学习一种单纯气味的能力，确实是受到了损害。相比之下，当两种新的气味混合时，动物经过全麻后，有意识地重新学习其中一种气味时，仅对其中一种气味表现出重新学习障碍，而对混合气味没有影响
结 论
我们的研究结果揭示了一种以前不为人知的无意识记忆机制，这是由于在全身麻醉下不可替代的神经元传递，并且支持全身麻醉的概念不是细胞编码以破坏的高度相关的感觉整合。
原始文献摘要
Li-Jie Jia1,2, Pei Tang1,3,4, Nicole R. Brandon1, Yan Luo2, BuweiYu2 & Yan Xu1,3,5.Effects of Propofol General Anesthesia on Olfactory Relearning.Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,Pittsburgh,PA15213, USA.www.nature.com/scientificreports/Published: 15 September 2016. 6:33538 | DOI: 10.1038/srep33538.
Abstract：
How general anesthesia interferes with sensory processing to cause amnesia remains unclear. Here,we show that activation of a learning-associated immediate early gene in rat olfactory cortices is uninterrupted by propofol, an intravenous general anesthetic with putative actions on the inhibitory GABAA receptors. Once learned under anesthesia, a novel odor can no longer re-activate the same highlevel transcription programming during subsequent conscious relearning. Behavioral tests indicate that the animals’ ability to consciously relearn a pure odorant, frst experienced under general anesthesia,is indeed compromised. In contrast, when a mixture of two novel odorants is frst experienced under anesthesia and then relearned consciously in pairs with one of the components, the animals show a defcit in relearning only the component but not the mixture. Our results reveal a previously unknown mechanism of unconscious memory due to irreplaceable neuronal commitment under general anesthesia and support the notion that general anesthesia acts at stages beyond cellular coding to disrupt sensory integration for higher-order association.
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