【涨姿势】台风“圆规”,刮来了一波英文知识

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台风为啥叫“台风”?

圆规疑惑不解

为啥我就成了台风了呢?

台风的花式命名都谁起的?

 

从typhoon音译过来的?

会英文了不起啊……

“台风”可不是进口词儿,是出口转内销!

“台风”这名字的由来,可比台风圈圈还要绕!

相信说起“风”,大家第一时间想到的单词应该就是'wind'啦。
但是“台风”英语可不是'tai wind'哦!其实它的表达是:
typhoon 英 [tʌɪˈfuːn] 美 [taɪˈfun]

例句:

Earlier this month, Typhoon Lekima killed nearly 100 people in the same region.

本月早些时候,台风利奇马在同一地区夺去了接近100人的生命。

不少小伙伴肯定以为 typhoon 这个词是中文“台风”的音译,其实完全不是!
这个词最早起源于希腊,是一个希腊神话人物的名字——堤丰(Typhon)
他被称为“万妖之王”(the father of all monsters),既能喷火又可以刮风。
这个词先是传到了阿拉伯,再是印度,然后才来到中国。
之前的中国人还没有“台风”这一说法,只是粤语里人们常把“大风”念成 /daaih-fung/,和typhoon 的发音有点类似,于是“中西合璧”成现在台风的英文。

关于真相到底是咋样的?

这个光荣而艰巨的考据任务就交给你啦!

《台风是如何形成的?》视频短片

英文Typhoon的由来

希腊单词里,'Typhon'是风神的名字,'typhon'则是指旋风,台风。这个词在中世纪传入阿拉伯语,又以Tufan的形式随入侵者在11世纪进入印度,最终以touffontufan的印度语言形式进入英语,最早记载于1588年。

再算上中国的广东话'大风',以tuffoon形式最早于1699年载入英语。各种形式合并在一起最后变成了今天的typhoon

能像typhoon一样表明汉语、阿拉伯语、东印度语和希腊语的语言背景的单词,真的是不多呀。

能更绕点儿吗?

台风圆规

台风“圆规”的英文是 Kompasu,是日本提供的名称,指圆规座的意思。

关于台风和飓风,我们需要知道,二者都是热带气旋,但是不同的地方名称不同。

typhoon、hurricane、tornado、cyclone

台风:typhoon,主要用来指西太平洋产生的热带气旋,因此typhoon这个词常见于中国、西太平洋的一些国家的新闻报道中;

飓风:hurricane,主要用来指产生于大西洋和东太平洋的热带气旋,因此这个词常见于加勒比、北美、东太平洋墨西哥等地区的新闻报道中。

龙卷风:tornado,它出现在陆地上,通常呈现漏斗的形状。

旋风(气旋):cyclone,这个词就是以上几种气旋的总称啦,也经常在澳洲、印度、非洲东海岸使用。

那么,既然台风是一种热带气旋,所以台风另一种表达即为

tropical cyclone

What is typhoon?
台风及其相关的英语表达
typhoon 台风
high wind 狂风
Severe Typhoon 强台风
Super Typhoon超级台风
typhoon track 台风路径
eye of thetyphoon 台风眼
make landfall 登陆
heavy rain 大雨、暴雨
tropical cyclone 热带气旋
tropical depression热带低压
tropical storm 热带风暴
landslide 山体滑坡,塌方
mudslide 泥石流
naturedisaster 天灾,自然灾害
power cut / powerfailure 停电
traffic safety 交通(行车)安全
coastal areas 沿海地区
direct economicloss 直接经济损失
骤发的洪水,暴洪  flash flood
泥石流  mudslide/ debris flow
山体滑坡,塌方  landslide
gale with rain   大风有雨
against typhoon    预防台风

high wave    狂浪

Meteorological Observatory    气象台

precipitation level     降雨量

safety precaution 安全预防措施
 tropical storm 热带风暴
 ebb away 衰退,渐逝
 power line 输电线
 warning system 报警系统
 traffic safety 交通(行车)安全
 early warning 早期预警
 densely-populated 人口密集的
 evacuation 撤离、疏散
 coastal areas 沿海地区
 direct economic loss 直接经济损失
 emergency response plan 应急预案
 breached dike 决口堤岸

mudslide 泥石流
transport infrastructure 交通基本设施
Central Meteorological Office 中央气象局
National Disaster Reduction Committee 国家减灾委员会
flood control and drought relief headquarters 防洪抗旱总指挥部
National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center

国家海洋环境预报中心
sea dyke 海堤
high wave 狂浪
development zone 开发区
border protection troops 边防支队
provincial meteorological observatory 省级气象台
skirt 绕过
passenger liners 定期客船

关于“预警”的英语表达
weather forecast 天气预报
orange alert 橙色预警
red alert红色预警
early warning 早期预警
safety precaution 安全预防措施
warning system 报警系统
emergency responseplan 应急预案
issue a typhoonwarning 发布台风警报
lift a typhoonwarning 解除台风警报
“台风来了”英文应该怎么说?

台风来了怎么说 

A typhoon is coming!  这当然没错!

不过貌似小朋友都会说呀

我们来看看更形象的表达方式:

1.台风一般都是登陆

land       英[lænd]    美[lænd]

n.    陆地; 大地;

v.    落; 降落; 着陆; 使(飞机)平稳着陆;登陆;

-鹦鹉登陆中国

-NURI landed in China.

2.在新闻中我们常看到'袭击'

strike     英[straɪk]    美[straɪk]

v.     撞; 碰; 撞击; 碰撞; 打; 击; 击打,踢(球等);

n.    罢工; 袭击; (尤指) 空袭;

-台风袭击了浙江

-The typhoon struck Zhejiang.

台风走了怎么说

1.台风警报解除了才能安心

warning  英 [ˈwɔːnɪŋ]   美 [ˈwɔːrnɪŋ]

n.   警告,警示;先兆;

v.   提醒注意(可能发生的事);使警惕;

-台风警报解除了

-The typhoon warning was lifted.

2.The typhoon is gone!也是可以的~

台风来了安全知识

Stock up   储备;囤积;

-囤好粮食,关好门窗~

-Stock up on food, close the doors and windows

-远离电线和大树,谨防受伤!

-Stay away from the power lines and trees to prevent injury.

台风等级词汇表达

抗风等级表(看看你在哪一级)

风的级别

0级:Calm 无风

1级:Light air软风

2级:Light breeze 轻风

3级:Gentle breeze 微风

4级:Moderate breeze 和风

5级:Fresh breeze清风

6级:Strong breeze 强风

7级:Moderate gale 疾风

8级:Fresh gale 大风

9级:Strong gale 烈风

10级:Whole gale 狂风

11级:Storm 暴风

12~17级:Hurricane 飓风

-答应我,请珍惜身边的胖纸~

-Promise me, please cherish the fat paper around you~

台风为什么有这样奇怪的名字呢

台风的名字

What's your name? 

台风的名字有时很文艺

有时又很很曲艺

有时是个动物

有时又是个神话人物

那么,台风的名字,究竟是怎么来的呢?

其实,台风的名字都是事先确定好的

同一个台风,往往就有好几个不同的名字

于是为了避免名称混乱

大家就事先制定一个命名表

然后按顺序,年复一年地循环重复使用

命名表共有140个名字

分别由世界气象组织所处的亚太地区14个成员国或地区提供

以便各国一起防台抗灾,

加强国际区域合作

并从2000年1月1日起

开始使用这种命名方法

不过台风的名字也不会被永久使用,

它们也会有退役的那一天

江湖上一致认为

一个优秀的台风

应该是不占假期,不占假期,不占假期!

而且来势凶猛

全市停工停课

调转风向,擦肩而过

环流影响,危害减弱,下雨交差

皆大欢喜,领导防风有功

市民没有损失,全家家里休息!

而一个不合格台风的下场

就是被除名!

当一个台风对某个或多个国家和地区造成了重大灾情

遭遇损失的成员国家可以向世界气象组织提出申请

将这个台风永久除名

比如给我国造成重大损失的2005年

第19号台风“龙王”

你们最关心的就是“停课”了,来看看怎么说

1. The government has announced schooland office closures starting at 4 p.m. Tuesday. 政府宣布从礼拜二下午四点开始停班停课。
2. The government closed schools andoffices today. 政府宣布今天停班停课一天。
3. Because of the typhoon, school andwork were suspended. 因为台风的关系,今天停班停课。
4. All flights and trains were cancelleddue to the typhoon. 因为台风,所有班机和火车班次都被取消了。
5. School and work were called off dueto the typhoon on Monday. 因为台风的缘故,星期一停班停课。
6. We've just beeninformed that classes will be normal in the evening. 我们刚接到通知,今晚正常上课。
关于台风的英语作文 
(一)
When I was ten years old, I met a typhoon. It really was a frightening typhoon. That evening was so dark. I still can’t forget it. It was a rainy day. Although it was early, the sky was very dark. I was walking in the street with my mother. We were going home. The wind blew more and more strongly. We felt the difference. We started to run fast in order to go home in no time. But the wind was stronger than before. Suddenly, lots of litter was blown away. The typhoon blew up. We couldn’t hold the umbrella. It was raining heavily and we were all wet. Coldness and fright went through our bodies. The big trees began to shake. Leaves fell down. We couldn’t breathe. The wind blew in our face. It was so sharp. I was afraid I would be blown away, too. I held my mother tightly. We tried our best to run. But we couldn't. I was excited because we were near our home. A few minutes later, we arrived home. “I am still alive.” I said to myself happily. Isaw the big typhoon through the window. How strong the typhoon is! I want to be strong, too.
(二)
Yesterday my teacher told us that there was a typhoon and I was so scared of it. After dinner, we prepared some candles and lighters in case there was no eletricity. And then we were just sitting in the living room and watching the news about the typhoon. In the middle night, the wind blowed harder and the rain came down harder, too. The trees outside were blowed by the strong wind. The sounds outside was very loud and scary. Sometimes I could hear an ambulance driving by. I hope it was not that someone was hit by an object. This morning the typhoon had already left. My grandfather and I decided to take a walk around the neighborhood. Some trees fail down, some cars were damaged and some houses were damaged, too. But my father's car, my house and my family are fine. Thank god!
(0)

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