他终身未娶,无视世俗浮荣,笔下四百多幅女性肖像,几乎无一雷同 (一)收藏佳品

萨金特一生热衷于绘画艺术事业,终身未娶 ,无视世俗的浮荣,一心一意沿着自己的艺术道路前进。他一生的绘画作品大约有 2500 件 到 3000 件,其中400多幅肖像画(另说600百到700百件),几乎无一雷同。著名的有《波依特的四个女儿》、《卡罗勒斯·杜兰肖像》、《少女与玫瑰》、《亨利·怀特夫人》和《维克三姐妹》等。因为他是美国人的后裔,所以他的名字被写入美国绘画史上,但他又是常居伦敦,是英国皇家水彩画家协会的会员、皇家苏格兰美术院院士,因而在英国水彩画史中也有非常重要的位置。—— 前 言

John Singer Sargent

约翰·辛格·萨金特

美国, (1856-1925)

约翰·辛格·萨金特(John Singer Sargent,1856-1925),美国19世纪末20世纪初著名的肖像画家。他一生热衷于绘画艺术事业,终身未娶 ,无视世俗的浮荣,一心一意沿着自己的艺术道路前进。他一生创作了大约900幅油画、2000多幅水彩画和无数的炭笔素描,其中400多幅肖像画(另说600百到700百件),几乎无一雷同。

萨金特的一生主要是在欧洲活动。萨金特获得无数的荣誉,其中包括剑桥、牛津、耶鲁等各大学的荣誉学位。事实上,除了上述之外的荣誉皆被他婉拒,如1907年的骑士封号和1918年的英国皇家美术学院院长一职等。

约翰·辛格·萨金特1856年1月12日出生于佛罗伦萨(Florence),他的父亲是美国费城的著名医生,母亲是费城一家富有的皮革商的女儿,是个水彩画家,早年在欧洲旅游使她爱上了意大利。婚后劝其丈夫放弃在美国的行医职业,与她一起泛游欧洲各地,过一种居无定所的自由生活。萨金特就是在旅居佛罗伦萨时诞生的。

得益于母亲的熏陶,萨金特自幼喜爱绘画,他14岁时进佛罗伦萨美术学院学习。1874年,萨金特考入法国高等美术学院学习绘画。萨金特结识了法国艺术家保罗·塞萨尔·埃勒(Paul César Helleu),在埃勒的引见下,萨金特见到了艺术大师埃德加·德加(Edgar Degas)、克劳德·莫奈(Claude Monet)、詹姆斯·阿伯特·麦克尼尔·惠斯勒(james abbott mcneill whistler)等人。

1877年,萨金特的范妮瓦(Fanny Watts)肖像画引起了很大的轰动。1879年萨金特创作的老师杜兰德(Carolus-Duran)画像得到了公众的认可。1890年之后,萨金特也创作了一些宗教题材的壁画。

萨金特早期作品主要受印象主义风格的影响,后来又学习西班牙画家委拉斯贵支的风格,萨金特后来的肖像画受到委拉斯贵支和哈尔斯绘画的很大影响。在萨金特的肖像画中,许多地方可以看到用较稀的颜料所画出的长笔触。萨金特的画像,颜色和光线的处理非常微妙。

约翰·辛格·萨金特是位极其严肃的艺术家,他强调画家要始终保持敏锐的观察力,要在画面处理上大胆舍去一切不必要的东西。同时,萨金特也对自己的作品常感不满。特别是晚年时,尽管他的艺术倍受赞赏,他却并不在意,仍然反复探求。1924年,萨金特在纽约举办个展时,他甚至都不愿去多看一眼。

1925年4月15日,就在船只开往波士顿的前三天,萨金特在睡梦中因心脏病发作在伦敦去世,享年六十九岁。他的遗体安葬在萨林郡瓦金葛的布鲁克伍德墓园,4月24日于西敏寺教堂举行丧礼。之后萨金特的成就随着他的去世而一度为人们所忽视,但后来又逐渐为人们所公认。因为他是美国人的后裔,所以他的名字被写入美国绘画史上,但他又是常居伦敦,是英国皇家水彩画家协会的会员、皇家苏格兰美术院院士,因而在英国水彩画史中也有非常重要的位置。

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(继续欣赏余下(二)、(三)油画作品)

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