英文医学科普｜过敏

Allergens, like pollen, are nothing more than foreign plant antigens. The stimulus for sneezing gets triggered when allergens first enter the nasal tissue. Pollen allergens encounter the plasma cells in the nose, which respond by producing antibodies. These antibodies attach to mast cells, which are white blood cells containing the chemical histamine. As more antibodies are produced, they cause the mast cells to release histamine. Histamine then produces allergy symptoms. A stuffy and runny nose, sneezing and watery eyes help to remove the invading pollen. Medications called antihistamines may be used to help alleviate severe allergy symptoms.

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重点词汇汇总：

Allergens, like pollen, are nothing more than foreign plant antigens.  过敏原，如花粉，只不过是外来植物抗原。

pollen /ˈpɑːlən/n. 花粉

sneezing /'sni:ziŋ/n. 打喷嚏v. 打喷嚏（sneeze 的现在分词）

plasma cells浆细胞/ˈplæzmə/n. [等离子] 等离子体；血浆

mast cells肥大细胞 /mæst/n. 桅杆；柱；橡树果实

histamine/ˈhɪstəmiːn/n. [生化] 组胺

stuffy /ˈstʌfi/adj. 闷热的；古板的；不通气的

watery eyes流眼水；水汪汪的眼睛

invading pollen入侵的花粉 /ɪn'vedɪŋ/

侵入

antihistamine  抗组胺

alleviate /əˈliːvieɪt/vt. 减轻，缓和

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百度翻译：

过敏原和花粉一样，不过是外来的植物抗原。当过敏原第一次进入鼻组织时，打喷嚏的刺激就会被触发。花粉过敏原与鼻子中的浆细胞相遇，血浆细胞通过产生抗体作出反应。这些抗体附着在肥大细胞上，肥大细胞是含有化学组胺的白血球。当产生更多的抗体时，它们会导致肥大细胞释放组胺。组胺会产生过敏症状。鼻塞、流鼻涕、打喷嚏和流泪有助于清除入侵的花粉。抗组胺药物可以用来帮助减轻严重的过敏症状。

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