日课｜白露，你知道英文怎么说吗？

“白露”是二十四节气之第十五个节气，秋季第3个节气，干支历申月的结束与酉月的起始。斗指癸；太阳达黄经165度；于公历9月7-9日交节。“白露”是反映自然界寒气增长的重要节气。由于天气逐渐转凉，白昼有阳光尚热，但傍晚后气温便很快下降，昼夜温差大。

“白露”节气的英文翻译为：

White Dew

我们来看看如何用英文描述白露这一节气，学会用英文讲述节气的故事，传播中国文化。

The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. Báilù (pīnyīn), literally "white dew",  is the 15th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 165° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 180°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 165°, which in the Gregorian calendar is around September 7. Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated around this time.

传统农历将一年划分为24个节气。白露，拼音为Báilù ，英文为white dew，是一年中第15个节气。它始于太阳到达黄经165°，结束于太阳到达黄经180°。它更常指的是太阳正处于黄经165°的日子，在公历中，通常在9月7日左右。中秋节大约在这个时候庆祝。

Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads. They are: first pentad, second pentad and last pentad. Pentads in Bailu include:

每个节气可分为三候：初候、次候和末候。白露的三候为：

First pentad 初候: 
鸿雁来
The wild geese come
(referring to the southward migration of geese)

Second pentad 次候: 
玄鸟归
The dark birds return
('dark birds' refer to swallows)

Last pentad 末候: 
群鸟养羞
Birds stock their hoards
(i.e. in preparation for winter.)

When White Dew period comes, the summer monsoon is gradually replaced by the winter monsoon, and the cold air begins to blow. White Dew indicates the real beginning of cool autumn. The temperature declines gradually and vapors in the air often condense into white dew on the grass and trees at night. The ancients used to match four seasons with five elements. As autumn corresponds to gold, and gold appears to be white,  people use white to describe autumn dew, so it is called "white dew".

时至白露，夏季风逐渐为冬季风所代替，冷空气转守为攻。白露预示着凉爽秋天的真正开始。夜间，气温逐渐下降，空气中的蒸汽经常凝结成白色露水，洒在草地和树木上。古人以四时配五行，秋属金，金色白，以白形容秋露，故名“白露”。

Varying by geographical location, autumn comes earlier in the west and northeast of China. There is typically autumn weather during White Dew period, when wild geese begin to migrate to the south and birds start to stock food for the long winter time. Hot summer is gone. However, it could be still warm in south China.

由于地理位置的不同，中国西部和东北部的秋天来得更早。在白露期，通常是秋天，野鹅开始向南迁徙，鸟类开始为漫长的冬季储备食物。炎热的夏天过去了。然而，华南地区可能仍然温暖。

White Dew season comes right when grapes become widely available for sale. Eating grapes in autumn can help dispel one's internal heat and expel toxins.

白露时节，正赶上葡萄大批上市。秋天吃葡萄有助于祛热排毒。

Longan fruit around White Dew is big, sweet and tastes great. It is said that one longan is as nutritious as an egg. Although this sounds exaggerated, longan does reinforce the spleen, nourish the blood, calm the nerves and improve one's looks.

白露时的龙眼硕大、甘甜、口感上佳。据说一颗龙眼的营养价值和一枚鸡蛋一样高。虽然这个说法听起来有些夸张，但龙眼的确具有养脾、补血、安神和美容的功效。

In some places, regular tea drinkers favor White Dew Tea. Tea during White Dew has gone through the hot summer and is in its best state of growth. White Dew Tea is different from spring tea, which is usually too tender and doesn't last long. It is also different from summer tea, which is dry and has a bitter flavor. White Dew Tea instead tastes sweet with its sweet fragrance.

在一些地方，茶客们对白露茶青睐有加。“白露茶”是白露后、秋分前采摘的茶叶，口味清甜怡人。白露茶不同于春茶的柔嫩、不经泡；也不同于夏茶的干涩、味苦。相反，它的味道甘甜醇美。

From the first day of White Dew and as the season progresses, there is more and more dew. Although sunshine during the day makes it still hot, after sunset, temperatures decrease rapidly. At night, water vapor in the air turns into small drops of water when it encounters cold temperatures. These white water-drops adhere to flowers, grass and trees. When the morning comes, sunshine makes them look crystal clear, spotless white and adorable.

从白露的第一天开始，随着季节的推移，露水越来越多。虽然白天的阳光使天气仍然炎热，但日落后，气温迅速下降。夜间，空气中的水蒸气在遇到低温时会变成小水滴。这些白色水滴附着在花、草和树上。当早晨来临时，阳光使它们看起来晶莹剔透，洁白无瑕，可爱无比。

最后我们再来复习一下二十四节气的英文名称：

Start of Spring 立春

Rain Water 雨水

Awakening of Insects 惊蛰

Vernal Equinox 春分

Clear and Bright 清明

Grain Rain 谷雨

Start of Summer 立夏

Grain Full 小满

Grain in Ear 芒种

Summer Solstice 夏至

Minor Heat 小暑

Major Heat 大暑

Start of Autumn 立秋

Limit of Heat 处暑

White Dew 白露

Autumnal Equinox 秋分

Cold Dew 寒露

Frost Descent 霜降

Start of Winter 立冬

Minor Snow 小雪

Major Snow 大雪

Winter Solstice 冬至

Minor Cold 小寒

Major Cold 大寒

Now it's your time to open your mouth and practice!

张开嘴巴练起来！

Have fun learning English!

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