高考英语熟词生义语境学习及练习巩固（附例句）
【afford 】
熟义：v 买得起；支付得起
例句：I couldn’t afford the rent on my own. 我单靠自己付不起房租。
生义：v 抽得出（时间）
例句：She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. 她工作太忙，抽不出时间去看他。
【against 】
熟义：prep 反对
例句：Are you for or against my proposal? 你赞成还是反对我的提议？
生义：prep 以……为背景；以防
例句：His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 他的红色衣服在白雪中格外显眼。
We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. 我们替车买了火险、盗窃险和交通意外险。
【air 】
熟义：n 空气
例句：Let’s go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。
生义：v 公开发表（看法）
例句：Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。
【business】
熟义：n 商业；买卖；生意
例句：She works in the computer business. 她从事电脑业。
生义：n 职责
例句：It is the business of the police to protect the community. 警察的职责是保护社会。
【coin 】
熟义：n 硬币
例句：a ten-cent coin 面值十分的硬币
生义：v 创造（新词语）
例句：Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.
加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期开发。
【collect 】
熟义：v 收集；收藏
例句：I used to collect stamps. 我过去曾经集邮。
生义：v 接走；领取
例句：Martin’s gone to collect the children from school. 马丁去接孩子们放学了。
Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday. 你的鞋子星期四会修好，到时可以来取。
【corner 】
熟义：n 街角；拐角
例句：There’s a hotel at the corner of my street. 我住的那条街拐角处有一家旅馆。
生义：v 使……走投无路；逼……入绝境
例句：If cornered, the snake will defend itself. 蛇在被逼得走投无路时会自卫。
【cover 】
熟义：v 覆盖
例句：Much of the country is covered by forest. 森林覆盖了这个国家的大片土地。
生义：v 行走（一段路程）；报道
例句：They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. 他们昨天是打算走40英里的。
She’s covering the American election for BBC television. 她在为英国广播公司的电视台报道美国大选。
【develop 】
熟义：v 发展；开发；研制
例句：The company develops and markets new software. 这家公司开发并销售新软件。
生义：v 冲洗（胶片）
例句：I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet. 我的度假照片还没冲洗出来。
【exercise 】
熟义：n / v 运动；锻炼
例句：It’s important to exercise regularly. 经常锻炼很重要。
生义：n / v 行使；运用（权力等）
例句：When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent. 她出庭时行使了自己保持沉默的权利。
【figure 】
熟义：n 数字
例句：His salary is now in six figures. 他的薪水现在是六位数。
生义：v 认为
例句：We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 我们认为明智的做法是等待。
【gift 】
熟义：n 礼物；赠品
例句：The watch was a gift from my mother. 这块表是母亲给我的礼物。
生义：n 天赋；才能
例句：She has a great gift for music. 她极有音乐天赋。
【hold 】
熟义：v 拿着；召开；举行
例句：Could we hold a meeting to discuss this tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午我们开会讨论这件事好吗？
生义：v 容纳；担任
例句：The plane holds about 300 passengers. 这架飞机可容纳大约300名乘客。
He currently holds the position of technical manager. 他目前担任技术经理的职务。
【lead 】
熟义：v 领路；引领
例句：If you lead, I’ll follow. 你领头，我跟着。
生义：v 通往；导致
例句：The path led down to a small lake. 这条路通向一个小湖。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。
【line 】
熟义：n 线；行；列
例句：The children all stood in a line. 孩子们全都站成一排。
生义：n 台词
例句：It always took me ages to learn my lines. 我总是花很长时间才能记住台词。
【measure 】
熟义：v 测量
例句：Measure the length and width of the gap. 测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。
生义：n 措施；办法
例句：These measures were designed to improve car safety. 这些措施旨在提高汽车安全性。
【nail 】
熟义：n 钉子；指甲
例句：The key was hanging on a nail by the door. 钥匙挂在门边的一颗钉子上。
She sat painting her nails. 她坐着涂指甲油。
生义：v 钉；将……钉牢
例句：I nailed the sign to a tree. 我将标示牌钉到了一棵树上。
【narrow 】
熟义：adj 狭窄的
例句：There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。
生义：adj 勉强的；刚刚好的；狭义的
例句：We won a narrow victory. 我们险胜。
I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. 我说的是较狭义的“教育”。
【narrow 】
熟义：adj 狭窄的
例句：There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。
生义：adj 勉强的；刚刚好的；狭义的
例句：We won a narrow victory. 我们险胜。
I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. 我说的是较狭义的“教育”。
【note】
熟义：n 笔记；记录
例句：Can I borrow your lecture notes? 我可以借你的课堂笔记看看吗？
生义：v 注意；留意
例句：Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days. 请注意本账单必须在十天以内付清。
【object 】
熟义：n 物体；目标
例句：The object is to educate people about road safety. 目的是教育人们注意交通安全。
生义：v 反对
例句：I really object to being charged for parking. 我非常反对收停车费。
【perform 】
熟义：v 演出；表演
例句：I’m looking forward to seeing you perform. 我期待着看你演出。
生义：v 做；履行；执行
例句：This operation has never been performed in this country. 这个国家从未做过这种手术。
【plain 】
熟义：n 平原
例句：High mountains rise above the plain. 高山从平原拔地而起。
生义：adj 清楚的；明显的；坦诚的
例句：I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested. 我直截了当地表示我不感兴趣。
Let’s have some plain, truthful answers. 让我们听听坦率而真实的回答吧。
【post 】
熟义：v 邮寄
例句：Have you posted your order yet? 你把订单寄出去没有？
生义：v 张贴；公布
例句：A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard. 布告牌上张贴了这封信的内容。
【pronounce 】
熟义：v 发音
例句：Very few people can pronounce my name correctly. 很少有人能把我的名字念正确。
生义：v 正式宣布（或公布、授予等）
例句：She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. 到达医院时她被宣布已经死亡。
【raise 】
熟义：v 提升；举起
例句：She raised a hand in greeting. 她扬起手表示问候。
生义：v 募集；抚养；养育
例句：They were raising funds to help needy youngsters. 他们正在筹款帮助贫困青少年。
The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food. 新成长起来的一代是第一批吃加工食品长大的一代。
【read 】
熟义：v 阅读；读；朗读
例句：He liked reading to his grandchildren. 他喜欢念书给孙子孙女听。
生义：v 解读；理解；读数为；显示
例句：She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal. 她摇摇头，我以为这是拒绝。
What does the thermometer read? 温度计的读数是多少？
【respect 】
熟义：n / v 尊敬；敬重
例句：She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实。我非常敬重她这一点。
生义：n （事物的）方面
例句：In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one. 新版在许多方面不如旧版。
【sentence 】
熟义：n 句子
例句：It’s difficult to sum it up in one sentence. 很难用一句话来概括。
生义：n / v 判刑
例句：She received an eight-year prison sentence. 她被判八年徒刑。
【well 】
熟义：adv 好；令人满意地
例句：The kids all behaved well. 孩子们都很有礼貌。
生义：v 涌出；流出
例句：Tears were welling up in her eyes. 她热泪盈眶。
【wind】
熟义：n 风
例句：The wind is blowing from the south. 刮的是南风。
生义：v 蜿蜒；给（钟表等）上发条
例句：The path wound down to the beach. 这条小路弯弯曲曲通向海滩。
He had forgotten to wind his watch. 他忘了给表上发条了。
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. ______________
2. His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. _________________
3. We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. ________________
4. Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. _____________________
5. It is the business of the police to protect the community. _____________________
6. Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.
_____________________
7. Martin’s gone to collect the children from school. _____________________
8. Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday. _____________________
9. If cornered, the snake will defend itself. _____________________
10. They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. _____________________
11. She’s covering the American election for BBC television. _____________________
12. I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet. __________________
13. When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent.
_____________________
14. We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. _____________________
15. She has a great gift for music. _____________________
16. The plane holds about 300 passengers. _____________________
17. He currently holds the position of technical manager. ____________
18. The path led down to a small lake. _____________________
19. Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. ________________
20. It always took me ages to learn my lines. _____________________
21. These measures were designed to improve car safety.
22. I nailed the sign to a tree. _____________________
23. We won a narrow victory. _____________________
24. I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. _____________________
25. Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days. _______________
26. I really object to being charged for parking. _____________________
27. This operation has never been performed in this country. _____________________
28. I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested. _____________________
29. Let’s have some plain, truthful answers. _____________________
30. A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard. _________________
31. She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. _____________
32. They were raising funds to help needy youngsters. _______________
33. The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food. _____________________
34. She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal. _____________________
35. What does the thermometer read? _____________________
36. In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one. _____________________
37. She received an eight-year prison sentence. _____________________
38. Tears were welling up in her eyes. _____________________
39. The path wound down to the beach. _____________________
40. He had forgotten to wind his watch. _____________________
【答案 】
1. 抽得出（时间）
2. 以……为背景
3. 以防
4. 公开发表（看法）
5. 职责
6. 创造（新词语）
7. 接走
8. 领取
9. 使……走投无路；逼……入绝境
10. 行走（一段路程）
11. 报道
12. 冲洗（胶片）
13. 行使；运用（权力等）
14. 认为
15. 天赋；才能
16. 容纳
17. 担任
18. 通往
19. 导致
20. 台词
21. 措施；办法
22. 钉；将……钉牢
23. 勉强的；刚刚好的
24. 较狭义的
25. 注意；留意
26. 反对
27. 做
28. 清楚的；明显的
29. 坦诚的
30. 张贴；公布
31. 正式宣布
32. 募集
33. 抚养；养育
34. 解读；理解
35. 读数为；显示
36. （事物的）方面
37. 判刑
38. 涌出；流出
39. 蜿蜒
40. 给（钟表等）上发条