Means 可以是动词 mean 的第三人称单数，也可以是名词；作名词时，意为“方法，方式，途径”，单复数同形，也就是说它与 by 的不同组合中 means 只有一种存在形式，那就是它本身 means.By 与名词 means 的不同组合，有不同的意思，主要有以下四种组合：一、by all means By all means，表示愿意某人做某事，意为“可以；当然行；没问题”，相当于 certainly 或 absolutely，通常用作简短答语，且如果有后半句的话，用逗号与后面的隔开，例如：Do you mind if I have a look?我看一眼行吗？By all means.当然可以。May I borrow this book?我可以借这本书吗？By all means.没问题。Are you coming tonight?你今晚来吗？By all means, I'll be there.当然，我会去的。二、by any meansBy any means，意为”尽一切办法，无论如何“，相当于 by hook or by crook，常用于否定句中，例如：I need to get there soon by any means.我无论如何都要尽快赶到那里。We need to court that big investor by any means, so shameless flattery is a fine place to start!我们无论如何都需要讨好那个大投资者，所以无耻的奉承是一个很好的开始！Not by any means shall our country be drawn into yet another war overseas.我国决不会再卷入另一场海外战争。
三、by no meansBy no means，跟 by all means 相反，意为”决不，一点也不“，相当于 not at all 或 certainly not；我们知道 no 可以相当于 not any，因此 by no means 又可以相当于 not by any means，例如：我们不能肯定在六月份之前完成这项工程。It is by no means certain that we'll finish the project by June.It isn't certain by any means that we'll finish the project by June.目前还不清楚总统能做些什么来结束罢工。It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.It isn't clear by any means what the president can do to end the strike.By no means 是介词短语，当它置于句首时，句子用部分倒装，例如：我国决不会再卷入另一场海外战争。By no means shall our country be drawn into yet another war overseas.Not by any means shall our country be drawn into yet another war overseas.我决不会同意那个决定。By no means will I go along with that decision.Not by any means will I go along with that decision.四、by means of sth By means of sth，意为”借助…手段；依靠…方法“，相当于 with the help of sht，例如：The load was lifted by means of a crane.重物是用起重机吊起来的。I opened the bottle by means of a bottle opener.我用开瓶器打开了瓶子。I was able to afford a car by means of a loan.我通过贷款买得起一辆汽车。您的支持最重要！！！如果您觉得这篇文章对您有帮助，请不要吝啬在右下角点“在看”和点赞。为了防止迷路，请设置为”星标“，我们将一如既往地输出更多优质的此类文章。
