骨科英文书籍精读（88）｜肱骨远端骨折（5）

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Complications 

EARLY

Vascular injury  

Always check the circulation (repeatedly!). Vigilance is required to make the diagnosis and institute treatment as early as possible.

Nerve injury  

There may be damage to either the median or the ulnar nerve. It is important to examine the hand and record the findings before treatment is commenced. The ulnar nerve is particularly vulnerable during surgery.

LATE

Stiffness  

Comminuted fractures of the elbow always result in some degree of stiffness. However, the disability may be reduced by encouraging an energetic exercise programme. Late operations to improve elbow movement are difficult but can be rewarding.

Heterotopic ossification  

Severe soft-tissue damage may lead to heterotopic ossification. Forced movement should be avoided.

---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》

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重点词汇整理：

Vigilance /ˈvɪdʒɪləns/n. 警戒，警觉；失眠症

institute  /ˈɪnstɪtuːt/v. 实行，建立；授予……职位；提出（诉讼）n. （尤指科学、教育的）机构，研究所，学会；机构建筑；（与法律相关的）注释，概要

rewarding 获益/rɪˈwɔːrdɪŋ/adj. 有益的，值得的；有报酬的，报答的

Heterotopic ossification 异位骨化

/,hetərə'tɔpik/adj. 异位的；异位素的；异原子序的

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百度翻译：

并发症

早期

血管损伤

经常检查血液循环(重复!) 必须保持警惕，及早诊断和治疗。

神经损伤

可能损伤正中神经或尺神经。 在开始治疗前检查并记录检查结果是很重要的。 尺神经在手术中特别脆弱。

晚期

僵硬

肘部粉碎性骨折往往导致一定程度的僵硬。然而，通过鼓励积极的锻炼计划可以减少残疾。

晚期手术来改善肘部活动是困难的，但可以是有益的。

异位骨化

严重的软组织损伤可导致异位骨化。

应该避免强迫移动。

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