消防视频：消防中的考古队员-纵火调查
英文原声：
YORK, Pa. -- It's known as one of the hardest crimes to solve and prosecute -- arson, and in one local community, an increase in the amount of cases has investigators searching for answers.
It's almost an unimaginable scene: Flames and smoke pouring from a house, your house, with all of your belongings and even possibly your loved ones trapped inside.
"The potential danger is absolutely astronomical," said York City Fire Department Assistant Chief Chad Deardorff.
I''s a troubling scenario that is becoming more frequent in the City of York. As of Nov. 12, fire investigators are looking into 32 intentionally set fires this year with 13 of those burning in buildings. The number of intentionally set building fires is up nearly 25 percent from all of 2013.
"You can see from all of the heavy damage in the front, the sprawling of the concrete, the heavy charring here on the front of the property," Deardorff said.
This burned out shell along Manchester Street was home to four families before an early morning fire on Aug. 16.
"As you can see, there is definitely some heavy charring back here. So the fire traveled quickly," Deardorff said.
Investigators have determined the case to be arson, but so far there are no suspects and no arrests.
"Proving the intent of the situation is the most difficult," Deardorff said.
For some investigators, learning methods to find those answers starts at the National Fire Academy in Emmitsburg, Maryland. A short drive from the Pennsylvania line, this two-week arson investigation class brings in students from across the country and across the world.
"It's like putting a puzzle together. You are going into a room that most people look as just a blackened shell of a room and you are having to put the pieces to understand why the fire started," said John Golder with the ATF. "Understanding fire science. Understanding algebra or calculus. Understanding how fire works, what fire departments do [is the goal]."
ATF Certified Fire Investigator Seth Graybill and his team of ATF Certified Fire Investigators combine classroom work with live burns to put the students to the test.
On one class day, eight different rooms, all decorated and furnished are burned. From an arsonist spraying gas in a room and lighting it up, to kids lighting off fireworks in a house, students are exposed to all types of causes and origins.
"We want them to have a good understanding of how to go into these scenes and process each and every scene and render a good opinion," Graybill said. "We try to give them a fair share of both accidental fires and incendiary fires because we don't want them going into every scene with the mentality that it is a set fire."
One of these is your typical real world scenario, burning candles left unattended. But this gives you an idea of just how many sources these investigators will have to look at, nearly a dozen different possible ignition sources besides these candles that could light up in this room causing for quite a mess.
Five minutes later, the fire has destroyed everything inside and even though the flames are out, this is where the investigation begins.
"To come in, collect the data. We have to analyze that data and then develop a hypothesis on how that fire started," Graybill said.
After the students make an educated guess, the instructors will use video and science to review the scenarios and see if the students are on the right path, many times disproving the myths that go along with arson investigation.
"They can understand why the fire started. It is not a big mystery," Golder said.
Eventually, the end goal is more than just determining a cause or prosecuting the offender. It will hopefully deter the crime, making everyone from Emmittsburg to York and beyond more comfortable in their own homes.
"Our goal is to make them safe. Quite honestly, if we didn't have to fight another fire, that would make our life a lot easier," Deardorff said.
The tab for the ATF arson investigation course is picked up by the federal government and open to all interested fire investigators.
As for the cases in York, city police have made three arrests this year.
中文翻译：
纵火案-它被认为是最难解决和起诉的的罪行之一，在某个社区，调查人员寻求答案的案件数量有所增加。
这几乎是一个难以想象的场景：从房子，你的房子，你的所有物品，甚至可能你的亲人被困在里面的火焰和烟雾。
约克市消防局助理总监乍得德奥多夫（Jad Deardorff）说：“潜在的危险绝对是天文数字。
我在纽约市变得越来越频繁，令人不安。截至11月12日，火警调查人员正在调查今年32起蓄意燃烧的火灾，其中13座在建筑物燃烧。有意设定的建筑物火灾的数量比2013年上升近25％。
Deardorff说：“你可以从前面的所有重大伤害中看到，混凝土的蔓延，这个财产的前面沉重的烧焦。
8月16日凌晨开火之前，沿曼彻斯特街烧毁的贝壳是四口之家。
“你可以看到，这里肯定有一些碳化的痕迹，所以火蔓延极快，”Deardorff说。
调查人员确定这个案件是纵火案的，但到目前为止，没有嫌疑犯，也没有逮捕。
“证明情况的意图是最困难的，”德奥多夫说。
对于一些调查人员来说，寻找这些答案的学习方法始于马里兰州埃米特斯堡的国家消防学院。来自宾夕法尼亚线的短短车程，这个为期两周的纵火调查班带来了来自全国各地和全世界的学生。
“这就像把拼图放在一起，你进入一个房间，大多数人看起来只是一个房间的黑色外壳，你必须把这些东西弄明白为什么起火，”约翰·戈尔德与ATF说。 “了解火科学，了解代数或微积分了解火灾是如何发生的，消防部门做什么[是目标]。
ATF认证的消防调查员Seth Graybill及其ATF认证消防调查员团队将课堂工作与现场烧伤相结合，使学生进行测试。
在一个课堂上，八个不同的房间，全部装饰和家具被烧。从房间里的纵火喷雾气体照射起来，孩子们在房子里点燃烟花，学生们暴露于各种原因和起源。
“我们希望他们对如何进入这些场景和处理每一个场景都有一个很好的了解，并提出一个很好的意见，”Graybill说。 “我们试图给他们一个公平的份额，意外的火灾和燃烧火灾，因为我们不希望他们进入每一个场景，心理上认为它是一场制造出来的火灾。”
其中一个是您典型的现实世界场景，燃烧蜡烛无人看管。但是，这让您了解这些调查员必须查看多少来源，除了这些可能在这个房间里点燃的蜡烛之外，还有几十种不同的可能的点火源造成混乱。
五分钟后，火已经破坏了一切，即使火焰熄灭，这是调查开始的地方。
“要进来，收集数据，我们必须分析这些数据，然后制定一个关于火灾开始的假设，”Graybill说。
在学生做出有根据的猜测之后，教师将利用视频和科学来审视情景，看看学生是否走在正确的道路上，多次反驳与纵火调查相伴的神话。
“他们可以明白为什么起火，这不是一个大谜，”戈尔德说。
最终，最终目标不仅仅是确定事件或起诉罪犯。这将有助于阻止这一罪行，让每个人都能从埃米特堡到约克以外的自己的家中更加舒适。
Deardorff说：“我们的目标是使他们安全。坦白说，如果我们不必再打一场火，那会让我们的生活变得容易一些。”
ATF纵火调查课程的标签由联邦政府接管，并向所有感兴趣的消防员开放。
今年三月三十日，纽约警方又发生了三次纵火案例。
（文字有翻译软件，有不当之处，请谅解）。
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