被遗弃的威尼斯？
The lagoon city of Venice — a unique experiment nurtured by man and nature — suffered heavy damage in November as floodwaters reached their highest peaks in more than 50 years.
11月，威尼斯这座泻湖城市遭受了严重的破坏——洪水达到了50多年以来的最高水位。
But rising sea levels are not the only threat.
但海平面上升并不是唯一的威胁。
As Venetians continue to leave their city, Venice risks becoming an empty shell sinking under mass tourism.
随着威尼斯人不断离开自己的城市，威尼斯市面临着大规模旅游业环境下成为一座空城的风险。
Two weeks after the floods, St. Mark's Square resonates with a cacophony of languages — Spanish, Chinese and Russian. Awestruck visitors shriek and marvel as they take selfies in what Napoleon described as Europe's drawing room.
洪水过后两周，圣马可广场上又响起了西班牙语、汉语和俄语混合的嘈杂声——游客们在拿破仑所说的“欧洲会客厅”里自拍时，惊惧交加，惊叫不已。
But across the lagoon, Venetians are taking stock of the damage caused by a wave of exceptionally high tides known as "acqua alta" — high water.
但在环礁湖的另一边，威尼斯人正在评估一波异常高涨的潮汐所造成的破坏。
Pellestrina is home mostly to fishermen.
佩莱斯特里纳镇住的大部分都是渔民。
For centuries, this 7 1/2-mile-long barrierisland protected the Venetian lagoon from the Adriatic Sea.
几个世纪以来，这个7.5英里长的屏障岛保护着威尼斯泻湖免受亚得里亚海的侵袭。
But on Nov. 12, a near-record high tide of more than 6 feet, combined with strong winds, made for a perfect storm and washed over Pellestrina's high embankments, flooding the island for a full day.
但在11月12日，接近历史最高纪录的6英尺多高的潮水，加上强风，形成了一场完美的风暴，冲过了佩莱斯特里纳的高堤，淹没了全岛一整天
Nearly everything on ground floors was destroyed.
地面上几乎所有的东西都遭到了破坏。
Along the waterfront, trash collectors load now-useless refrigerators and washing machines onto trucks.
沿着滨水区，垃圾清运员正忙着把现在已经没用的冰箱和洗衣机装上卡车。
Fisherman Dino Vianello stares forlornly toward the lagoon, at what was once his shed on wooden pilings.
渔夫迪诺·维亚内洛孤孤单单地望着泻湖，那里曾有他搭在木桩上的棚屋。
For 40 years, he stored his nets there.
40年来，他一直把渔网放在那里。
Now his livelihood is gone.
如今，他吃饭的家伙没了。
Nobody, he says, had ever seen waves nearly 7 feet high and the sea roiling inside homes.
他说，以前从没有人见过近7英尺高的海浪和海浪在房子里翻腾。
"The lagoon's ecosystem is unique," says Vianello, "the ancient Venetians who built the Republic of Venice worked in harmony with nature, not against it."
环礁湖的生态系统是独一无二的，”维亚内洛说，“建造威尼斯共和国的古代威尼斯人与自然和谐相处，而不是与之对抗。”
Many Venetians believe excavation of deep canals in the 1960s to accommodate oil tankers irreparably harmed the lagoon's delicate ecosystem.
许多威尼斯人都认为，上世纪60年代为了容纳油轮而开凿的深运河不可挽回地损害了环礁湖脆弱的生态系统。
There's also widespread skepticism about a long-term project to build large, movable floodgates to hold back rising sea levels.
此外，人们普遍对建造大型可移动水闸以阻止海平面上升的长期项目持怀疑态度。
The project is called Mose, an Italian acronym that also means Moses, suggesting a parting of the waters.
这个项目被称为Mose，这是一个意大利语的首字母缩写，也意为“摩西”，意为“水的分界”。
Still unfinished after 16 years and $5.5 billion in public funds, it has been plagued by corruption and won't be in operation for two more years.
经过16年的建设和55亿美元的公共资金投入，该项目仍未完工，不但一直深受腐败困扰，而且未来两年都不会投入使用。
Meanwhile, many residents of Venice feel ignored by local authorities.
与此同时，许多威尼斯居民都感觉自己受到了当地政府的忽视。
In the central Castello District, master artisan Paolo Brandolisio — one of only four remaining makers of oars and oar posts for the city's legendary gondolas — is trying to put his workshop back in order. Brandolisio is trying to salvage his waterlogged oak worktable.
在卡斯泰洛市中心，工匠大师保罗·布兰多里西奥正试图让自己的作坊恢复正常—布兰多里西奥是威尼斯传奇贡多拉上仅存的四名桨和桨杆制造商之一—他正试图抢救他那张浸满水的橡木工作台。
"We've always managed on our own. In the last 40 or 50 years, city authorities didn't safeguard artisans' workshops," says Brandolisio.
“我们总是得靠自己。在过去的四五十年里，城市当局根本没有保护工匠的作坊，”布兰多里西奥说道。
"If no one's left to make wooden boats, they'll disappear and be replaced by plastic ones."
“如果没有人留下来造木船，木船就会消失，取而代之的会是塑料船。”
Brandolisio laments that most shops now sell Chinese-made souvenirs.
布兰多里西奥感叹道，现在大多数商店都在出售中国制造的纪念品。
"Shops for residents are vanishing because Venetians are vanishing," he says.
“面向居民的商店正在消失，因为威尼斯人正在消失，”他说。
"So those who are left are those making money selling the cheapest possible goods."
“所以剩下的就是那些靠卖最便宜的商品赚钱的人。”
Besides the shrinking Venice that's home to local residents, there are two other Venices.
除了作为当地居民家园的日渐缩小的威尼斯之外，还有另外两个威尼斯。
One is the city of giant cruise ships as high as skyscrapers that — along with other forms of transport — disgorge some 30 million visitors a year into a city of about 50,000.
一个是摩天大楼般高的巨型游轮之城，连同其他交通工具，每年约有3000万游客涌入这个约5万人口的城市。
Central Venice's population is down by about a third from a generation ago.
而威尼斯市中心的人口跟上一代相比，已经减少了三分之一。
And there's the Venice of international institutions — of education, heritage and creative endeavor — that make it a world capital of art and culture.
还有作为国际机构的威尼斯——教育、遗产和创意作品——使它成为了世界艺术和文化之都。
"International Venice takes the social fabric of Venice for granted. We need to change the vision of the city," says Shaul Bassi, director of the Center for Humanities and Social Change at Ca' Foscari University of Venice.
“国际威尼斯认为威尼斯的社会结构是理所当然的。威尼斯佛斯卡里宫大学人文与社会变化中心主任肖尔·巴斯说道。
Across the world, he says, big cities look more and more alike, with the same architects creating more or less the same skyline.
他说，在世界各地，大城市看起来越来越相似，相同的建筑师或多或少创造了相同的天际线。
Venice, Bassi believes, represents the very idea of a city.
巴斯认为，威尼斯代表了一个城市真正的理念。
"It's a city that for over a thousand years has built a wonderful equilibrium between a human component, ecological component, art, nature. And in the last century, we have basically almost destroyed that balance," Bassi says.
“一千多年来，这座城市在人类、生态、艺术和自然之间建立了一种奇妙的平衡。而在上个世纪，我们基本上已经破坏了这种平衡。”巴斯说道。
In the battle against rising sea levels, Venice is on the front line.
在应对海平面上升的战役中，威尼斯首当其冲。
That's why, says Bassi, it's the ideal laboratory in which to study climate change.
巴斯说道，这就是使这里成为研究气候变化的理想实验室的原因。
Next year, his university will offer a new degree in environmental humanities, in which scientists provide the data, "but we need to imagine what climate change is going to be like. ”
明年，他所在的大学将提供一个新的环境人文学位，由科学家们去提供相关数据，“但我们需要想象气候变化将会是什么样子。”
“And for that, you need the artist, you need the intellectual, you need the poets, you need philosophers, you need the historians."
“为此，你需要艺术家，需要知识分子，需要诗人，需要哲学家，需要历史学家。”
Bassi is urging people in all the fields of science and art to come to Venice to reflect, study, create and compose, to help make it a truly living city for the whole world.
巴斯呼吁所有科学和艺术领域的人们来威尼斯反思、学习、创造和创作，帮助它成为全世界真正的生活城市。
Regardless of whether more people come, though, many Venetians fear there is a serious danger the prediction made by Lord Byron two centuries ago could come true:
然而，不管来的人是否更多，许多威尼斯人都担心，两个世纪前拜伦勋爵的预言有可能会成为现实:
O Venice! Venice! when thy marble walls
Are level with the waters, there shall be
A cry of nations o'er thy sunken halls,
A loud lament along the sweeping sea!
威尼斯!威尼斯!当你的大理石墙壁与水面平齐，在你沉没的大厅里，将会有民族的呐喊，这一声响亮的挽歌，会沿着汹涌的大海回荡!
问题
文中提到威尼斯纪念品商店里大部分商品是由哪个国家制造的？
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