骨科英文书籍精读(399)|应力性骨折(行军骨折、疲劳骨折)

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STRESS INJURY (MARCH FRACTURE)

In a young adult (often a military recruit or a nurse) the foot may become painful and slightly swollen after overuse. A tender lump is palpable just distal to the midshaft of a metatarsal bone. Usually the second metatarsal is affected, especially if it is much longer than an 'atavistic’ first metatarsal. The x-ray appearance may at first be normal but a radioisotope scan will show an area of intense activity in the bone. Later a hairline crack may be visible and later still (4–6 weeks) a mass of callus is seen.

Unaccountable pain in elderly osteoporotic people may be due to the same lesion; x-ray diagnosis is more difficult because callus is minimal and there may be no more than a fine linear periosteal reaction along the metatarsal. If osteoporosis has not already been diagnosed, then this should be considered and assessed with bone densitometry.

Metatarsal pain after forefoot surgery may also be due to stress fractures of the adjacent metatarsals, a consequence of redistributed stresses in the foot.

No displacement occurs and neither reduction nor splintage is necessary. The forefoot may be supported with an elastic bandage and normal walking is encouraged.

---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》


重点词汇整理:

atavistic /ˌætəˈvɪstɪk/adj. 隔代遗传的;返祖现象的

radioisotope/ˌreɪdioʊˈaɪsətoʊp/n. [核] 放射性同位素

Unaccountable pain in elderly osteoporotic people may be due to the same lesion; 老年骨质疏松患者的不明原因疼痛可能是由于相同的病变;

Unaccountable pain不明原因疼痛

lesion /ˈliːʒn/n. 损害;身体上的伤害;机能障碍

periosteal reaction骨膜反应

bone densitometry骨密度测定

elastic bandage 弹力绷带

/ɪˈlæstɪk/adj. 有弹性的;灵活的


DeepL翻译(仅供参考,建议自己翻译):

应力性损伤(March fracture)

年轻的成年人(通常是新兵或护士)的脚在过度使用后可能会出现疼痛和轻微肿胀。在跖骨中轴线的远端可以摸到一个柔软的肿块。通常第二跖骨受到影响,特别是当它比第一跖骨长很多时。起初X线表现可能是正常的,但放射性同位素扫描将显示骨中一个强烈活动的区域。后来可能会看到发际线裂缝,再后来(4-6周)会看到大量的茧。

老年骨质疏松症患者的不明原因的疼痛可能是由于同样的病变引起的;X线诊断比较困难,因为胼胝是最小的,可能没有超过沿跖骨的细线状骨膜反应。如果还没有诊断出骨质疏松症,那么应该考虑到这一点,并通过骨密度测量法进行评估。

前足手术后的跖骨疼痛也可能是由于相邻跖骨的应力性骨折造成的,这是足部应力重新分布的结果。

没有位移发生,既不需要缩小也不需要拼接。可以用弹性绷带支撑前足,鼓励正常行走。


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