Nature Plants|张大兵实验室揭示MADS1在高环境温度下维持大麦穗形态

温度胁迫影响植物表型多样性。花序的发育稳定性是繁殖成功所必需的,受到遗传和环境因素的相互作用的紧密调控。然而,植物花序结构如何对温度作出反应的机制基本上是未知的。我们证明大麦 SEPALLATA MADS-box 蛋白 HvMADS1在高温下维持不分枝的穗状结构,而功能缺失突变体形成分枝的花序样结构。HvMADS1通过 a 区 CArG-box 序列与目标启动子的结合增强,并随温度变化构象。高温依赖性 HvMADS1激活的靶基因主要与花序分化和植物激素信号转导有关。HvMADS1直接调节细胞分裂素降解酶 HvCKX3,使其整合温度响应和细胞分裂素稳态,抑制分生组织细胞周期/分裂。我们的发现揭示了遗传因素直接影响植物温度形成的机制,延伸了植物 MADS-box 蛋白在花发育中的作用。

Temperature stresses affect plant phenotypic diversity. The developmental stability of the inflorescence, required for reproductive success, is tightly regulated by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms underpinning how plant inflorescence architecture responds to temperature are largely unknown. We demonstrate that the barley SEPALLATA MADS-box protein HvMADS1 is responsible for maintaining an unbranched spike architecture at high temperatures, while the loss-of-function mutant forms a branched inflorescence-like structure. HvMADS1 exhibits increased binding to target promoters via A-tract CArG-box motifs, which change conformation with temperature. Target genes for high-temperature-dependent HvMADS1 activation are predominantly associated with inflorescence differentiation and phytohormone signalling. HvMADS1 directly regulates the cytokinin-degrading enzyme HvCKX3 to integrate temperature response and cytokinin homeostasis, which is required to repress meristem cell cycle/division. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which genetic factors direct plant thermomorphogenesis, extending the recognized role of plant MADS-box proteins in floral development.

Gang Li, Hendrik N. J. Kuijer, Xiujuan Yang, et al. MADS1 maintains barley spike morphology at high ambient temperatures. Nature Plants, 2021

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