肥胖患者会增加护理工作量？#护理SCI文献解读
患者肥胖与护理工作量的关系
Abstract摘要
Aims and objectives To explore the relationship between patient obesity and nursing workload; and discuss the nursing activities most affected by patient obesity.
研究目的：探讨患者肥胖与护理工作量的关系；讨论最受患者肥胖影响的护理活动。
Background The increasing number of patients with obesity, and the severity of obesity, impacts the healthcare workforce, particularly to nurses who provide most direct care to patients. There is growing evidence to suggest that patient obesity may increase nursing workload and time taken for clinical care.
研究背景：越来越多的肥胖患者以及肥胖的严重程度影响了医疗保健工作人员，特别是对为患者提供最直接护理的护士。越来越多的证据表明，患者肥胖可能增加护理工作量和临床护理所需的时间。
Design Integrative review.
研究设计：整合综述
Methods A comprehensive search of academic databases for primary research related to patient obesity and nursing workload, published since 2000, was conducted. References of relevant articles were hand searched.
研究方法：对2000年以来发表的与患者肥胖和护理工作量相关的主要研究进行了全面检索。
Results 27 articles were analysed. Analysis was undertaken at the levels of patient characteristics, nursing work, and the healthcare system. The increasing number of patients with obesity, and the severity of patient obesity, increases nursing workload by affecting nursing time needed to deliver care. An increased number of nurses, particularly with increased clinical skill, are needed to deliver care meeting these increased needs. Organisational change is required to provide infrastructure and bariatric equipment that enables effective nursing care of patients with obesity. Organisations must consider additional time and staff needs when delivering care for patients with obesity.
研究结果：分析了27篇文章。从患者特征、护理工作和医疗保健系统三个层面进行分析。肥胖患者数量的增加以及肥胖患者的严重程度增加了护理工作量，影响了提供护理所需的护理时间。需要更多的护士，特别是临床技能提高的护士来提供护理，以满足这些日益增长的需求。组织变革需要提供基础设施和减肥设备，使肥胖患者得到有效的护理。在为肥胖患者提供护理时，机构必须考虑额外的时间和人员需求。
Conclusions The current health system is not established to address the challenge of providing nursing care to the increasing numbers of patients with obesity. Further research on accurately and objectively quantifying the impact and severity of patient obesity on nursing clinical activities is required.
研究结论：目前建立的卫生系统并不是为了应对为越来越多的肥胖患者提供护理的挑战。如何准确、客观地量化患者肥胖对护理临床活动的影响及严重程度，有待进一步研究。
Relevance to clinical practice When determining staffing, healthcare organisations must consider the increased nursing staff, time and clinical skill required to provide care for patients with obesity. Healthcare organisations should implement policies that ensures sufficient staffing in areas where care of patients with obesity is prevalent, and provide training for and workplace availability of bariatric equipment.
研究实践意义：在决定人员配备时，医疗机构必须考虑到为肥胖患者提供护理所需的增加的护理人员、时间和临床技能。医疗机构应该实施政策，确保在肥胖患者护理普遍的地区有足够的人员，并提供培训和工作场所的减肥设备。