docker学习8-搭建nginx环境
前言
使用 docker 搭建 nginx 环境
下载镜像
使用docker pull 拉取最新的 nginx 镜像
[root@yoyo ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
b8f262c62ec6: Pull complete
e9218e8f93b1: Pull complete
7acba7289aa3: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:aeded0f2a861747f43a01cf1018cf9efe2bdd02afd57d2b11fcc7fcadc16ccd1
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
查看镜像
[root@yoyo ~]# docker images nginx
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest f949e7d76d63 2 weeks ago 126MB
[root@yoyo ~]#
启动容器
先启动容器: docker run -d --name nginx-tmp nginx
[root@yoyo nginx.conf]# docker run -d --name nginx-tmp nginx
7a453ca1aea80eb731de7270dcf6327ae81d2947ffd7faf2ae76253eb7bc0e6a
[root@yoyo nginx.conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7a453ca1aea8 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 80/tcp nginx-tmp
nginx的目录文件在容器内部的位置
日志文件位置：
/var/log/nginx
配置文件位置: /etc/nginx
资源存放的位置: /usr/share/nginx/html
先在本地新建nginx运行的目录，日志目录为软连接，所以不创建logs目录
mkdir -p /root/nginx/html /root/nginx/conf
从容器中拷贝配置文件至本地
docker cp a89b2c5f3dd1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /root/nginx/conf
查看/root/nginx/conf目录下nginx.conf 文件内容
[root@yoyo conf]# cd /root/nginx/conf
[root@yoyo conf]# cat nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@yoyo conf]#
配置文件nginx.conf 拷贝到本地目录后，停掉上面的nginx容器并删除
[root@yoyo conf]# docker stop nginx-tmp
nginx-tmp
[root@yoyo conf]# docker rm nginx-tmp
nginx-tmp
正式部署
正式部署完整的指令
docker run -d -p 8088:80 —name nginx-yoyo -v ~/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx
容器启动后使用docker ps查看有没启动
[root@yoyo nginx]# docker run -d -p 8088:80 --name nginx-yoyo -v ~/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx
1b4566a75078f55831edcff6b9b8f9d7a63f0d44702aae4cf0635a39aa63cded
[root@yoyo nginx]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1b4566a75078 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:8088->80/tcp nginx-yoyo
测试
如果你是本地访问，输入http://localhost:8088 即可访问到 web 服务器
通过其它机器访问服务器会报403错误，因为是将容器内的 nginx 的根目录给挂载到本地指定目录。
进入本地目录 /root/nginx/html 创建测试文件 index.html 写入以下内容
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>nginx</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello world!</h1>
<p>yoyo</p>
</body>
</html>
浏览器输入http://ip:8088 即可访问了