背完这些高级写作句式，从此告别被老外嘲笑的Chinglish！

上面第一句话的意思是“冲突已经影响到全球数以百万计生活在人口稠密地区的居民，这些冲突表现形式为暴力事件、恐怖袭击以及军事打击”，其中in the form of含义是“以……形式存在”，短语的常见搭配形式是 A in the form of B，其中A一般为抽象名词，B为具体事物，可以使用该短语来对抽象概念进行举例说明。

举个例子，“他们获得了减税优惠”用英文可以说：

They received a benefit in the form of a tax reduction.

其中benefit是抽象名词，a tax reduction则是具体的事物。

又比如，“来支援的是两名警察”用英文可以说：

Help arrived in the form oftwo police officers.

其中help是抽象概念，two police officers则是两个具体的名词。

在议论文写作中可以使用该短语进行举例说明，例如：

Detailed reporting on crime helps citizens to safeguard themselves against potential threats by making them well-informed about events that happen around them. If residents can learn from the media that there are dangerous criminals at large in their neighborhood, then they will take necessary precautions to protect themselves, mainly in the form of installing surveillance cameras and iron gates.

一个强调句式

如何说：这场危机使得交通问题更加引人注目？我们可以参考《经济学人》的写法：

Faced with a crisis, the government rushed through long-overdue laws to allow a streamlined form of bankruptcy protection similar to America's Chapter 11. That will allow Parmalat's new managers some breathing space while they try to salvage something from the wreckage. Helpfully, it also brings Italy more into line with other parts of Europe. Yet that merely throws into relief broader Italian and European problems raised by the scandal.

上面选段中最后一句Yet that merely throws into relief broader Italian and European problems raised by the scandal. 也可以写成Yet that merely throws broader Italian and European problems raised by the scandal into relief. 但为了避免头重脚轻的问题，作者采用了第一种写法。

其中 throw / bring something into relief 是一个固定搭配，含义是“（使某事物）更加引人注目，（使某问题）更加突出”。

因此，“这场危机使得交通问题更加引人注目”使用该句型可以写成：

Traffic problems have been thrown into sharp relief by the crisis.

考场作文可以使用该句型来强调环境/交通/健康等问题，比如：

(1) Global warming effects have been thrown into sharp relief by melting ice caps in the Arctic.

(2) The increase in lung diseases among urban dwellers throws into reliefair pollution caused by too many private cars.

如何阐述中间立场

在对有争议性的观点进行说明时我们可能会采取中间立场：既不能过于……也不能过于……对于这种情况可以参考下面的句型：

Just as it would be a mistake to underestimate the new Brazil, so it would be to gloss over its weaknesses.

这句话后半句省略了a mistake，补充完整后应该是：

Just as it would be a mistake to underestimate the new Brazil, so it would be a mistake to gloss over its weaknesses.

这个句子假设了两种极端的情况：underestimate the new Brazil（低估新巴西），gloss over its weaknesses（掩饰新巴西的弱点），并说明这两种极端情况都是错误的，由此来引出中间立场。

由此我们可以提取出一个句型Just as it would be…so it would be… 用于说明中间情况，例如：

Just as it would beunwise to promote economic growth at the expense of the environment, so it would be equally imprudent to preserve the environment to the exclusion of economic growth. The best approach, therefore, is to have an environmentally sustainable economy.

表达一种兼容情况

下面这个短语同样可以用来引出中间立场：

More recently, several developing countries have shown that low income and comprehensive health care are not mutually exclusive.

其中A and B are not mutually exclusive是一个固定搭配，含义是“A和B之间并不互斥”：

可以用该短语来说明两个看起来互不相容的事物实际上可以共存，由此可以引出一种新的方案，比如：

Economic development and environmental protection are not mutually exclusive, as is shown by the case of the United States, where the service sector forms the backbone of the economy and growth is achieved in an environmentally friendly way.

双重好处

如何表达“某事物具有双重好处”？你可能会想到：Something has two advantages. 这里提供一个新的表达：

Gruma is the world’s biggest maker of tortillas, with more than 100 plants in 20 countries. Free trade has been a double blessing for such companies.

blessing在这里的意思是“好处，益处”（something that is good or helpful），something is a double blessing for somebody 即“某事对某人而言具有双重好处”。

在列举说明事物的好处时可以用上该句型，比如：

Having part-time jobs can be a double blessing for college students. First, part-time employment can help students to better understand their preferences or to test out a possible career direction, making it easier for them to find a satisfying career upon graduation. Second, students taking part-time jobs will have an advantage when it comes to job-hunting, as companies seeking to recruit recent graduates often give preference to those with real-world experience.

与blessing相关的另一个短语是mixed blessing，它的含义是“（某事）既有好处又有坏处”：

例如，要说明居住在城市的好处和坏处，可以说：

Life in the city is a mixed blessing. On the one hand, you can obtain better job opportunities and higher wages. On the other hand, you may suffer from traffic and housing problems associated with overpopulation.

本文系授权发布，By 魏剑峰，From 英文悦读，微信号：read_the_economist，北美学霸君诚意推荐。