读后续写的四种情绪描写
有些同学在背诵素材的时候,发现平时积累了很多描写情绪或心理的句子。这些句子无论是结构,还是含义,看上去都非常好,但是问题是:自己要么记不住;要么考试的时候用不出来。这就需要我们对读后续写这个题型的特点有所了解。读后续写中情绪描写有规律吗?肯定有!大部分读后续写中的故事中,人物是从“负向”情绪,最终转化到“正向”情绪的。
今天我们要学习两组,共四个最重要的情绪描写。第一组是:紧张和恐惧,可以用在故事的开头和中间;第二组是:快乐和感动,可以用在故事的结尾处。
在讲解例句的时候,会用两种方法归类。一种是直接描写法,即句子中直接出现表示情绪的单词。另外一种是间接法,通过表情和动作来体现某种情绪。相当于把这种心理情绪,进行细化。
“恐惧”是一种比较极端的心理,在脱离险境为主题的读后续写中,出现比较多。比如迷路,遇到狼,遇到暴风雨等。
1. 直接描写法:
①He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror.他转过身来,眼里充满了恐惧。
这个用到了with复合结构,这种结构我们在前面的课程中,提到过很多次了。
②Fear slowly creeps upon her.恐惧慢慢地蔓延到她身上。
这句话用“creep爬”这个动作,拟人的修辞手法,恐惧“爬到” 身上,非常传神。
③A flood of fear welled up in him. 他心中涌起一阵恐惧。
这句话把fear(恐惧)与flood(洪水)联系起来,很亮眼的一个表达。
2.间接描写法:
①Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied.
她脸色苍白地站在那里,舌头打结。
这句话没有直接写“恐惧”,而是用脸色苍白,舌头打结来表现恐惧。
② She shook all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
她浑身颤抖,觉得如坐针毡。
这里的“她浑身颤动”也可以换成“Her heart beat so violently她的心跳得厉害”。needle针,pin大头针,feeling like sitting on pins and needles翻译成“如坐针毡”,中英文在这个表达上有异曲同工之妙!
“失望”这种负面情绪,在“心灵成长”或者“帮助人”等主题故事的开头和中间,出现相对较多。我们一起来看看有哪些表达!
1、直接描写法:
就是在句子中直接出现disappointment等表达失望的词语。
① Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself up in his room. 他对未能获奖感到极度失望,于是把自己锁在房间里。
② He was dismayed to learn of their disloyalty. (他得知他们对他的不忠,感到很失望)
2、间接描写法:
① When I saw the pile of dirty dishes, my heart sank. 我看到那一堆肮脏的餐具时,感到很扫兴。
这句话里“my heart sank”,我的心一沉,也间接表达了“失望”。
② The news that he didn't win prize immediately threw him into low spirits.他没有获奖的消息立刻使他精神低落。
这句话里“threw him into low spirits”,把我扔进了这种低落的情绪中,是不是很有画面感?
③ I feel like all my insides have been drained out and I feel empty and let down. 我觉得我所有的内心都被排干了,我感到空虚和失望。
drain本意是“排出,流干”。“all my insides have been drained out ”,内心已经被排光了,流干了,直接对应了后面的empty。
你会发现大部分读后续写都是皆大欢喜的结局。于是,如何表达开心,快乐,是我们必须学会的重点。
1、直接描写法:
也就是在句子中,能看到直接表达喜悦的词汇,如joy, overjoy等
Joy welled up inside her.她心中涌起喜悦。
She was overflowing with happiness.她洋溢着幸福。
Hearing this, everybody was wild with joy.听到这句话,每个人都欣喜若狂。
2、间接描写法:
间接法,就是用表情和动作来表达喜悦。想一想哪个动作最可能表达“喜悦”呢?对了,就是“笑”!请看下面三个句子:
A smile of understanding flashed across his face.他脸上露出了一种理解的微笑。
Laughter lingered around the room.笑声在房间里萦绕。
She laughed, with her eyes shining with excitement. 她笑了,眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
1、直接描写法:
直接描写“感动”的表达,秘诀就是把“感动”的事情表达出来,即因为什么事情而感动,请看下面的句子:
①让我感动的是....:I was touched to find that…
你可以把感动的事情接在这个句型后面。I was touched to find that they had prepared food for me.发现他们为我准备食物,我很感动。
② Touched deeply, I…被深深感动,我……
这个句子后面可以添加什么内容呢?在“感动”的同时,又做了什么。比如:Touched deeply, I waved goodbye to the family.我深深地感动了,和这家人挥手道别。
2、间接描写法:
间接描写“感动”,主要是通过眼泪来表达。比如下面的一句:
Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude.
她热泪盈眶,表示衷心的感谢。
也可以用With tears streaming down her face “泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来”来代替“Tears filling her eyes,”前一句是写眼泪还在眼睛里,后一种是写眼泪流了下来。另外,细心的同学其实已经感觉到了,描写“眼泪”,是很多情绪里的共同的写法,因为“悲伤”
而流泪,当然也可以喜极而泣。所以这句话的后面“she offered her heartfelt gratitude”(表示衷心的感谢。)很重要,解释清楚了流泪的理由是:感动。我们再看八省联考里的一个句子:
Holding the paper bag tightly, I stood still, a warm current rising in my heart.
我紧紧地拿着纸袋,一动不动,一股暖流涌入心头。
用“a warm current rising in my heart”即“一股暖流涌入心头”,用这格句子来表达感动,是不是很有逼格呢?
当然你可以可以把moved和tears结合起来表达。比如:
Mac feel moved with tears in one's eyes.(麦克感动得热泪盈眶)
附:语料库积累:表示喜悦的口诀
情传全身(envelop, sweep, run through)
笑布满脸(wide grin, light up, break into a broad smile)
心花怒放(flower bloom, leap with joy, spread, overwhelmed, sweep)
千里闻笑(roar with, laugh echo, scream with, shake)
眼舞光芒(dance, shine, bright, wide, well up)
基础词汇
happy /ˈhæpi/高兴的,快乐的
cheerful /ˈtʃɪəʳfəl/高兴的,快乐的
content /kənˈtent/满足的,满意的
pleased /pliːzd/高兴的
glad /glæd/高兴的
delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/高兴
thrilled /θrɪld/ 非常兴奋的
overjoyed /ˌəʊvəʳˈdʒɔɪd/大喜过望的
ecstatic /ɪkˈstætɪk, ek-/欣喜若狂的
joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/欣喜的
pleasure /ˈpleʒəʳ/愉快
joy /dʒɔɪ/欢乐
delight /dɪˈlaɪt/喜悦
be in a good mood心情好
be (sitting) on top of the world 愉快自信至极
be over the moon非常高兴
cheer up /ˌtʃɪər ˈʌp/使振作起来,使高兴起来
raise/lift somebody's spirits使某人振作,提起某人的精神
brighten up再高兴起来;再活跃起来
例句:
She seems a lot happier now that she's got a new job.
她有了新的工作,好像开心多了。
'Fine, thanks,’ he replied in a cheerful manner.
“好啊,谢谢。”他高兴地回答道。
I was in quite a good mood till you asked me that.
在你问我那件事情之前,我心情是挺好的。
We were perfectly content to go on walking until it got dark.
我们十分满足地继续行走,一直到天黑。
'That was quite a performance,’ he said, looking pleased.
“表现不错。”他说道,显得很满意。
She was glad that the birthday party was a success.
生日晚会开得很成功,她很高兴。
Andrea was delighted at the chance to go to the Bolshoi ballet.
安德烈娅有机会加入波修瓦芭蕾舞团,感到欣喜若狂。
Louise is thrilled with the changes she has seen in her son's behavior.
路易丝看到儿子行为上的变化,感到非常兴奋。
After Mark got the promotion, he was sitting on top of the world.
马克升职之后踌躇满志。
When she discovered she'd got the job she was over the moon.
当她得知自己获得这份工作时,快活极了。
Naturally I was overjoyed when I was offered the part in the play.
我有机会演戏中的这个角色自然是欣喜若狂。
The kids were ecstatic when we brought home the new video game system.
我们把这台新的电视游戏机带回家时,孩子们欣喜若狂。
The streets of the city were filled with joyful crowds celebrating the New Year.
城里的街道上到处是欢庆新年的人群。
I tried to cheer him up by telling a joke.
我讲了一个笑话,想让他高兴起来。
The chance to get out of the house for a few hours had clearly raised her spirits.
能从屋子里走出去几个小时,显然使她精神焕发了。
'Oh, I know the answer!’ she said, brightening up.
“噢,我知道答案!”她说道,高兴起来。
Most craftsmen get a lot of pleasure out of making things.
大多数工匠在制作过程中都得到很大的乐趣。
The toys will bring great joy to countless children.
这些玩具将为无数孩子带来极大的欢乐。
People at the wedding laughed and danced with joy.
人们在婚礼上开怀欢笑,尽情跳舞。
I was so excited about getting the job, I nearly jumped for joy.
我得到这份工作非常兴奋,高兴得差点跳起来了。
The sisters hugged and cried tears of joy.
姐妹俩拥抱着,喜泪纵横。
Paul's delight at being asked to play the piano for us was clear.
保罗被邀请为我们演奏钢琴,他的喜悦之情是显而易见的。
Robin laughed with delight as the birthday cake was carried in.
罗宾看到生日蛋糕拿进来时开心地笑了。