三问特发性矮小(ISS)临床诊疗
导语
特发性矮小(ISS)约占矮小症的80%,是一类不明原因导致的矮小的统称。中国矮小症发病率约为3%,在所有矮小人口中,4-15岁需要治疗的患儿约有700万。然而,目前我国每年就诊的患者不到30万名,真正接受治疗的患者不到3万名。现本文总结临床工作中对ISS诊治存在的常见误区,为大家提供参考。
问题1:矮小=“晚长'吗?
图1 ISS未治疗儿童平均终身高
图2 CDGP儿童身高增长曲线
问题2:ISS无GH缺乏,无需GH治疗吗?
图4 国内外指南推荐ISS患儿使用GH治疗
答案:GH治疗应每3个月随访与监控。
接受rhGH治疗的患者应定期在门诊监测有效性和安全性。根据体重变化、IGF-1水平、生长情况调整治疗方案。专业的身高管理师随时教患儿注射、定期微信视频、电话回访、增强患儿的用药信心[7]。
总结
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参考文献:
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[2]Cohen P, Rogol AD, DealCL, Saenger P, Reiter EO, Ross JL, Chernausek SD, Savage MO, Wit JM; 2007 ISSConsensus Workshop participants. Consensus statement on the diagnosis andtreatment of children with idiopathic short stature: a summary of the GrowthHormone Research Society, the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, andthe European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Workshop[J]. J ClinEndocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov;93(11):4210-7.
[3] Grimberg A, DiVall SA,Polychronakos C, Allen DB, Cohen LE, Quintos JB, Rossi WC, Feudtner C, MuradMH; Drug and Therapeutics Committee and Ethics Committee of the PediatricEndocrine Society. Guidelines for Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like GrowthFactor-I Treatment in Children and Adolescents: Growth Hormone Deficiency,Idiopathic Short Stature, and Primary Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Deficiency[J].Horm Res Paediatr. 2016;86(6):361-97.
[4] 梁雁. 基因重组人生长激素儿科临床规范应用的建议[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2013, 51(006):426-32.
[5]Deodati A, Cianfarani S.Impact of growth hormone therapy on adult height of children with idiopathicshort stature: systematic review[J]. BMJ. 2011 Mar 11;342:c7157.
[6]Allen DB, Cuttler L.Clinical practice. Short stature in childhood--challenges and choices[J]. NEngl J Med. 2013 Mar 28;368(13):1220-8.