骨科英文书籍精读（101）｜肱骨外髁骨折（2）

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Clinical features

The elbow is swollen and deformed. There is tenderness over the lateral condyle. Passive flexion of the wrist (pulling on the extensors) may be painful.

X-ray

X-ray examination must include oblique views or else the full extent of the fracture may be missed. Two types of fracture are recognized and classified by Milch:

Type I: A fracture lateral to the trochlea: the elbow joint is not involved and is stable.

Type II: A fracture through the middle of the trochlea: this injury is more common; the elbow is unstable as the radius and ulna are carried along with the fragment.. The fragment is often grossly displaced and capsized, and it may carry with it a triangular piece of the metaphysis.Remember that the fragment (partly cartilaginous) is much larger than it seems on x-ray.

---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》

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重点词汇整理：

grossly /ˈɡroʊsli/adv. 很；非常

capsized /ˈkæpsaɪzd/adj. 翻覆的v. （船）翻，倾覆（capsize 的过去式和过去分词）

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百度翻译：

临床特征

肘部肿胀变形。外侧髁上有压痛。手腕被动屈曲（拉伸肌）可能会疼痛。

X射线

X光检查必须包括斜视，否则可能漏掉整个骨折范围。Milch将骨折分为两种类型：

I型：滑车外侧骨折：肘关节未受累，稳定。

II型：滑车中部骨折：这种损伤更常见；由于桡骨和尺骨与碎片一起携带，肘关节不稳定。。碎片经常严重移位翻了，它可能带着一块三角形的干骺端。记住碎片（部分软骨）比x光片上看起来要大得多。

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