小学英语知识点:肯定句
对事物作出肯定判断的句子叫肯定句。
对事物作出否定判断的句子叫否定句。
结构:主语+谓语+其他
例:Tom played football yesterday afternoon. 汤姆昨天下午打篮球了。
This is my bedroom. 这是我的卧室。
肯定句分类:
A、使用“是”字句,也叫判断句。
B、使用一般的肯定句式。
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换:
1、有am, is, are的句子,
就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)
This is a book.
第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book?
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this?
2、没有am, is, are的句子,
肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形
肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意:动词用原形
肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤
第一步:先变一般疑问句
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。
注意:一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。
3、划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。
非单三时用do,单三时用does
非单三:
肯定句:I like English.
一般疑问句:Do you like English?
否定句:I do not like English.
单三 :
肯定句:He likes English.
一般疑问句:Does he like English?
否定句:He does not like English.
就划线部分提问:
I like English.
第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What do you like?
4、特殊:
①some变为any。如:
There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:
Would you like some orange juice?
与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。
②and变为or。如:
I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
③a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:
They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)
→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
④already变为yet。如:
I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.
肯定句的组织结构:
主系表:eg:I'm a girl.
主谓宾:She write a leter to him.
1.主语+系动词(be)+表语
2.主语+call +宾语+宾语补足语
3.主语+name +宾语+宾语补足语
4.主语+is called +宾语补足语
5.主语+is named +宾语
6.主语+regard +宾语+as +宾语被足语
7.主语+be +no (none)+other than (but)+表语
8.主语+be +nothing +else but (but,else than,less than)+表语
9.It is (was)+强调部分+that (who)+从句
10.主语+感觉动词+表语
11.主句+as if (as though)+从句
12.主语+be +said to be (so-called)+表语
13.主语+be,it is said,+表语
14.So far from being +表语,主语+谓语+其它
15.主语+be +more +表语+than +表语
16.主语+be +less +表语+than +表语
17.主语+be +表语+rather than +表语
18.主语+be +not so much +表语+as 表语
19.主语+be +either +表语+or +表语
20.Either +主语+or +主语+be +表语