期末复习 | 高中英语必修一知识点汇总

Unit 1 Friendship

1. be good to 对……友好
be good for 对……有益
be bad to…/be bad for…对…..有害
be good with .与…..相处融洽
2. add up 加起来 增加
add up to 合计，总计
add… to 把……加到……
add that    补充说
3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”
4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被……(get用法小结)
5. calm down平静下来
6. be concerned about 关心 关注
express/show concern about/for….. 对……表示关心
as far as…..be concerned 关于，就…..而言
be concerned with/in (concern oneself with/in)涉及、与…..有关系
7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.
8. cheat in the exam 考试作弊
9. go through 经历；度过；通过
10. hide away  躲藏；隐藏
11. set down 写下，记下
set about doing sth/set out to do sth 着手做某事
set off 出发
set aside 把… 放在一旁
12. I wonder if…..我不知道是不是….
12. on purpose 故意地（类似介词和名词构成的短语相当于副词功能）
in surprise,惊讶地
by chance,  偶然地
by accident,偶然地
in turn,依次
by turns,依次，轮流
in groups,成群地，成组地
in return,作为回报地
13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事
sb happen to be ……某人碰巧是…..
It so happened that ……正巧 碰巧
14. It is the first (second…) time that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)(结构中的it 可换成this,that.)
15.be in power 当权
come into/to power掌权，上台
16. It’s no pleasure doing…. （any longer）
（再）做…..没有乐趣
It’s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事是没好处的
17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.  it做形式宾语(小结find的用法)
18. suffer from 患…病;遭受(病患，饥饿等)
Suffer 遭受(损害，痛苦，失败)
They _________ huge losses in the disaster.(suffer)suffered
I will not _______ such rudeness.(suffer)suffered
Do you often ________ toothache.(suffer)suffer from
19. so…that… /such…that…如此……以致于…..
20. get/be tired of…. 对…感到劳累 疲惫
21. have some trouble with sb/sth. 在…上遇到了麻烦
22. get along with sb/sth. 与某人相处
23. ask（sb）for advice. （向某人）征求建议
24. make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让 (使)某人做某事
make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/物…
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…
When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n. 使某人成为…
25. alone /lonely. 单独的/孤独的
He is alone,but he doesn’t feel lonely.
26. I would be grateful if…委婉客气提出请求
27. Why not do….= why don’t you do…
28.face to face 面对面，
hand in hand 手拉手，
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩，
side by side 并排地，
arm in arm臂挽臂地
back to back 背靠背地，
from door to door挨门挨户地，
from head to foot 从头到脚地

Unit 2 English around the world

1. because of 因为…… （注意和because 的区别）
2. even if (= even though)即使，用来引导让步状语从句
3. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现
come up with 追上，赶上，提出
4. communicate with sb 和某人交流
5. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.
我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
6. be based on 以……为基础
7. at present 目前，眼下   for the present眼前；暂时
8. make (good/better/full)use of
9. the latter后者  the former 前者
10. a large number of 大量的  the number of …的数量
11. such as 例如
12. hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)等—会
13. … you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which） people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
14. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任/扮演一个角色；在…中起作用;
15. the same …as… 与……一样
16. on the top of…在…顶上
At/on the bottom of 在……底端/底部
17. bring up 抚养，养育；提出
18. request sb （not） to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事
19. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
20. suggest v. （request，insist…）
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.
他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
注意：insist 意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气；如果insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。
She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。
21. according to…. 按照… 根据…

Unit 3 Travel journal

1.prefer
Prefer doing A…to doingB…
Prefer to do A… rather than do B
2. advantage /disadvantage 优势/劣势
take advantage/disadvantage of 利用…..
Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since 与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时     自从……至今已经多久了。
3. persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth
说服某人做某事
Persuade sb of sth 使某人相信….
Persuade sb not to do sth=persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做…
4. 强调句型 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that. 注意not … until 的强调句
5.be fond of 喜欢，喜爱
6. Although 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7. insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly。她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。
8.care about 关心 在乎
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾
9.change one’s mind  改变主意
Make up one’s mind 下定决心
Keep sth in mind 把…记住=learn sth by heart
10. experience 经历/经验(注意可数性)
11. Once 可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
12. give in 让步
give up 放弃
give out分发，放出
give away 赠送，泄露
give off发出（光、热、气味等）
13. instead of 代替，而不是（介词）
Instead 代替 （副词）
14. in detail 详细地
on purpose 故意地
by chance 偶然地
in return作为回报地
in turn依次地
by turns轮流地
15.a large parcel of 一大包
16.as usual 像往常一样
17.put up our tent 搭帐篷
18.stay awake 睡不着，醒着  stay up 熬夜
19. for company 做伴
20.lie beneath the stars 躺在星空下
21.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
22.go in the right direction 走正确的方向
23. at a very slow pace. 以很慢的速度
24.be similar to 类似于
25.afford to do sth 付得起，能承担
26.be tired from 因……而疲劳
be tired of 对……厌倦
27. be in high spirits 喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
28.come true 实现，成真
29. give sb some advice on doing...
30. a guide to…的指南
31.on a tour 在游览中，在巡演中
on a visit 在参观

Unit 4 Earthquakes

1. right away毫不迟疑，立刻
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…
③ There seems/appears(to be)… 似乎有….
There appears to have been a mistake.
3. Two-thirds of…..(分数的构成及用法说明)
4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5. under the weight of  在……重压下，迫于
6. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天
7. take turns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
by turns 依次地，轮流地
8. be shocked/surprised at 对……感到震惊
Be shocked/surprised to do sth
9. be proud of 以……为自豪=take pride in
10. express one’s thanks to sb /for sth… 对/因……表示感谢
11. without warning 毫无预兆地
12. next to紧接着，相邻，次于
13. get away from… 避免，摆脱，离开
14. disaster-hit areas灾区
15. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.
听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
16. It is believed that 人们认为…
It is said that 据说….
It is reported that 据报道….
17. hold up 举起；托住；支撑列举，推举
18. make up 弥补, 虚构, 整理, 和解,化妆,拼凑
19. be trapped in 被困于…
20. be fixed to…被固定到……
21. be tied to … 被绑在……

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

1. devote…(精力，时间，生命oneself) to doing sth献身于…致力于…
Sb be devoted to doing sth
2. fight against 对抗，反对，与……作斗争
3. vote to do sth 投票做某事
Vote sb to be …选某人当
4. be free from 免于，不受
5. be in prison 入狱，在狱中服刑
6. the first man to do 第一个…的人
7. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。
8. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
9. become out of work. 失业
10. hope that…/to do sth
11. as soon as I could  尽快， 马上
12. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
13. Only 位于句首，做状语时，主句采用部分倒装的语序。
Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem. 只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
14. as a matter of fact 事实上
15. blow up 爆炸,打气
16. be equal to 和…平等
17. in trouble 处于困境 遇到麻烦
18. be willing to do sth. 愿意，乐于

19. turn to 变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向
turn to sb for help  向某人求助
20. lose heart 灰心;泄气, 丧失勇气,失去信心
21. escape from 逃脱，逃离，从……逃出
22. should have done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不需要做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过（对过去的否定推测）
must have done  对过去的肯定推测
23. pass the exam.  通过考试
24. be better educated 受到良好教育
25. come to power 执政
26. be proud to do sth.   be proud of sth  为…而自豪
27. set up  创立，建立，架起，建造
The company was set up ten years ago. 公司是十年前建立的。
28. be sentenced to … 被判处……
29. Do you have any thoughts on that   你认为那怎么样？
30. to my understanding 按我的理解
in my opinion依我之见
31. be accepted by … 被……录取、接受
32. die from   死于…（事故等外部原因）
die of  死于… (疾病等自身原因)
33. under way  正在进行
34. point of view  观点
35. compete with… 与……竞争
36. advise  v.
advise + n./pron.
advise + doing
advise sb. to do sth.
advise + that从句（从句的谓语用“should + v原”， should 常省略）
注：与advise用法类似的动词如forbid, allow, permit, admit, consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时后跟不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.
We forbid you to smoke here.

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