MogDB/openGauss 手动部署(非OM工具)单机、主备、主备级联架构
一、前期准备
1. 关闭防火墙，selinux
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce=0
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c'SELINUX=disabled /etc/selinux/config2. 安装依赖包
yum install libaio-devel -y3. 创建相关目录、用户、组
groupadd dbgrp -g 2000
useradd omm -g 2000 -u 2000
echo "Enmo@123" | passwd --stdin omm
mkdir -p /opt/mogdb/software
chown -R omm:dbgrp /opt/4. 上传并解压二进制文件
[root@mogdb-kernel-0001 software]# pwd
/opt/mogdb/software
[root@mogdb-kernel-0001 software]# ls -lrt
total 90236
-r-------- 1 root root 92401412 Jun 13 06:14 MogDB-2.0.0-openEuler-64bit.tar.bz2
chown omm:dbgrp MogDB-2.0.0-openEuler-64bit.tar.bz2
su - omm
cd /opt/mogdb/software/
tar -xf MogDB-2.0.0-openEuler-64bit.tar.bz2
二、初始化数据库（单机）
1. 配置环境变量
echo "export GAUSSHOME=/opt/mogdb/software" >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/bin:\$PATH " >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/lib:\$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> /home/omm/.bashrc
source /home/omm/.bashrc2. init数据库
bin/gs_initdb --pgdata=/opt/mogdb/data --nodename=primary --pwpasswd=Enmo@123 --encoding=UTF-8 --locale=en_US.UTF-83. 修改初始化参数
echo "port=26000" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
echo "listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0'" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
echo "password_encryption_type = 0" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
echo "log_directory = 'pg_log'" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
echo "remote_read_mode=non_authentication" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /opt/mogdb/data/pg_hba.conf4. 启动数据库
gs_ctl start -D /opt/mogdb/data至此单机安装完成
三、主备安装
1. 主库操作
配置连接通道
echo "replconninfo1='localhost=172.16.0.106 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.245 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004'
" >> /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conflocalhost为主库IP,remotehost为备库IP
将主库以primary方式启动
gs_ctl restart -D /opt/mogdb/data/ -M primary2. 备库操作
前期准备工作如上（一）
配置环境变量
echo "export GAUSSHOME=/opt/mogdb/software" >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/bin:\$PATH " >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/lib:\$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> /home/omm/.bashrc
source /home/omm/.bashrc
- 将主库的配置文件传到备库
scp /opt/mogdb/data/pg_hba.conf /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf 172.16.0.245:/opt/mogdb/data/配置连接通道,将localhost和remotehost对调.
sed -i “/^replconninfo1/creplconninfo1='localhost=172.16.0.245 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.106 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004’” /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
localhost为备库IP,remotehost为主库IP
构建主备关系
gs_ctl build -D /opt/mogdb/data/ -b full -M standby查询主备状态
主库
[omm@mogdb-kernel-0001 data]$ gs_ctl query -D /opt/mogdb/data/
[2021-06-13 07:51:41.119][159054][][gs_ctl]: gs_ctl query ,datadir is /opt/mogdb/data
HA state:
local_role : Primary
static_connections : 1
db_state : Normal
detail_information : Normal
Senders info:
sender_pid : 159041
local_role : Primary
peer_role : Standby
peer_state : Normal
state : Streaming
sender_sent_location : 0/14000258
sender_write_location : 0/14000258
sender_flush_location : 0/14000258
sender_replay_location : 0/14000258
receiver_received_location : 0/14000258
receiver_write_location : 0/14000258
receiver_flush_location : 0/14000258
receiver_replay_location : 0/14000258
sync_percent : 100%
sync_state : Sync
sync_priority : 1
sync_most_available : Off
channel : 172.16.0.106:26001-->172.16.0.245:60856
Receiver info:
No information
备库
[omm@mogdb-kernel-0002 data]$ gs_ctl query -D /opt/mogdb/data/
[2021-06-13 07:51:32.743][123204][][gs_ctl]: gs_ctl query ,datadir is /opt/mogdb/data
HA state:
local_role : Standby
static_connections : 1
db_state : Normal
detail_information : Normal
Senders info:
No information
Receiver info:
receiver_pid : 123194
local_role : Standby
peer_role : Primary
peer_state : Normal
state : Normal
sender_sent_location : 0/14000140
sender_write_location : 0/14000140
sender_flush_location : 0/14000140
sender_replay_location : 0/14000140
receiver_received_location : 0/14000140
receiver_write_location : 0/14000140
receiver_flush_location : 0/14000140
receiver_replay_location : 0/14000140
sync_percent : 100%
channel : 172.16.0.245:60856<--172.16.0.106:26001
至此主备已安装完成。
四、主备级联安装
1. 主备安装如上(一，二，三)
2. 添加复制通道
主库操作
gsql -d postgres -p26000 -c “alter system set replconninfo2 to 'localhost=172.16.0.106 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.127 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004 iscascade=true’;”备库操作
gsql -d postgres -p26000 -c “alter system set replconninfo2 to 'localhost=172.16.0.245 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.127 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004 iscascade=true’;”
3. 级联库操作
前期准备工作如上（一）
配置环境变量
echo "export GAUSSHOME=/opt/mogdb/software" >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/bin:\$PATH " >> /home/omm/.bashrc && \
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$GAUSSHOME/lib:\$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> /home/omm/.bashrc
source /home/omm/.bashrc将备库的配置文件传到备库
scp /opt/mogdb/data/pg_hba.conf /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf 172.16.0.245:/opt/mogdb/data/配置连接通道
sed -i "/^replconninfo1/creplconninfo1='localhost=172.16.0.127 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.106 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004'" /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conf
sed -i "/replconninfo2/creplconninfo2='localhost=172.16.0.127 localport=26001 localheartbeatport=26005 localservice=26004 remotehost=172.16.0.245 remoteport=26001 remoteheartbeatport=26005 remoteservice=26004'" /opt/mogdb/data/postgresql.conflocalhost为级联IP，remotehost为主库IP和备库IP。
构建主备关系
gs_ctl build -D /opt/mogdb/data/ -b full -M cascade_standby4.查看主备级联状态
主库
[omm@mogdb-kernel-0001 ~]$ gs_ctl query -D /opt/mogdb/data
[2021-06-13 08:37:03.281][207069][][gs_ctl]: gs_ctl query ,datadir is /opt/mogdb/data
HA state:
local_role : Primary
static_connections : 2
db_state : Normal
detail_information : Normal
Senders info:
sender_pid : 206143
local_role : Primary
peer_role : Standby
peer_state : Normal
state : Streaming
sender_sent_location : 0/1A000140
sender_write_location : 0/1A000140
sender_flush_location : 0/1A000140
sender_replay_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_received_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_write_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_flush_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_replay_location : 0/1A000140
sync_percent : 100%
sync_state : Sync
sync_priority : 1
sync_most_available : Off
channel : 172.16.0.106:26001-->172.16.0.245:34586
Receiver info:
No information
备库
[omm@mogdb-kernel-0002 ~]$ gs_ctl query -D /opt/mogdb/data
[2021-06-13 08:37:09.128][147065][][gs_ctl]: gs_ctl query ,datadir is /opt/mogdb/data
HA state:
local_role : Standby
static_connections : 2
db_state : Normal
detail_information : Normal
Senders info:
sender_pid : 147043
local_role : Standby
peer_role : Cascade Standby
peer_state : Normal
state : Streaming
sender_sent_location : 0/1A000140
sender_write_location : 0/1A000140
sender_flush_location : 0/1A000140
sender_replay_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_received_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_write_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_flush_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_replay_location : 0/1A000140
sync_percent : 100%
sync_state : Async
sync_priority : 0
sync_most_available : Off
channel : 172.16.0.245:26001-->172.16.0.127:49110
Receiver info:
receiver_pid : 146771
local_role : Standby
peer_role : Primary
peer_state : Normal
state : Normal
sender_sent_location : 0/1A000140
sender_write_location : 0/1A000140
sender_flush_location : 0/1A000140
sender_replay_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_received_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_write_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_flush_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_replay_location : 0/1A000140
sync_percent : 100%
channel : 172.16.0.245:34586<--172.16.0.106:26001
级联库
[omm@mogdb-kernel-0003 data]$ gs_ctl query -D /opt/mogdb/data
[2021-06-13 08:36:56.223][273241][][gs_ctl]: gs_ctl query ,datadir is /opt/mogdb/data
HA state:
local_role : Cascade Standby
static_connections : 2
db_state : Normal
detail_information : Normal
Senders info:
No information
Receiver info:
receiver_pid : 273237
local_role : Cascade Standby
peer_role : Standby
peer_state : Normal
state : Normal
sender_sent_location : 0/1A000140
sender_write_location : 0/1A000140
sender_flush_location : 0/1A000140
sender_replay_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_received_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_write_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_flush_location : 0/1A000140
receiver_replay_location : 0/1A000140
sync_percent : 100%
channel : 172.16.0.127:49110<--172.16.0.245:26001
至此主备级联安装完成。
注：本文源自墨天轮”我的国产数据库之路“的征文，原文链接：https://www.modb.pro/db/70779（复制链接至浏览器或点击文末阅读原文查看）
李宏达，openGauss开源社区commiter，目前主要从事Oracle，openGauss，云服务相关工作。现拥有Oracle OCP，OceanBase OBCA，openGauss OGCA，PostgreSQL PGCA，华为云HCIP（Solutions Architect）认证。