【美国历史上的今天】12/13 弗雷德里克斯堡之役
历史上的今天
记得学姐之前说过，在AP历史拿高分有2个必不可少的要素：
熟练掌握相当的史实+良好的英文论文写作能力
那如果说论文写作能力是烹饪技巧，那史实就像做菜的原材料。巧妇难为无米之炊。历史论文的论据都来自史实，所以论证力度取决于能否引用足够的史实来支撑你的论点。历史论文缺乏史实的话，写作技巧再高超也不能写出令人信服的历史论文。相反，即便你能记住大量史实，如果不会合理地组织运用，也写不出好论文。所以要写出高分的AP历史论文，既需要能对史实信手拈来，也需要有把这些史实有效组织起来去支撑你观点的写作能力。两者相辅相成，缺一不可。
《历史上的今天》是学姐新开的栏目，发布历史在今天发生过的重要事件，并对其进行提炼和总结。每天通过半分钟的阅读，你即可以知道：谁，在哪里，什么时候，做了什么，这件事为什么重要、以及在写关于什么主题的论文的时候可以作为潜在论据引用。
When: December 13, 1862
What: Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia repulsed a series of attacks by General Ambrose Burnside’s Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, Virginia.
Why significant: The Battle of Fredericksburg was fought December 11–15, 1862, in and around Fredericksburg, Virginia, between General Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major General Ambrose Burnside, as part of the American Civil War.
A visitor to the battlefield described the battle to U.S. President Abraham Lincoln as a "butchery." The South erupted in jubilation over their great victory, but in the North both the Army and President Lincoln came under strong attacks from politicians and the press. The defeat was one of the most decisive loses for the Union army, and it dealt a serious blow to Northern morale in the winter of 1862-63.
Tags: Battle of Fredericksburg, Civil War, Robert E. Lee, Abraham Lincoln
How history related to present day: Charlottesville violence in August, 2017
In the summer of 2017, there was a violent white supremacy rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, in opposition to a plan by local officials to remove a statue of Confederate Army General Robert E. Lee from Emancipation Park in Charlottesville. It stirred up much national debate and outcry.
Robert E. Lee was vilified in the North during the Civil War only to be transformed in the decades afterward into a heroic icon of "The Lost Cause," admired by many on both sides of the Mason-Dixon line. But today, many view him as a symbol of racism and America's slaveholding history. His transformation reflects the changing moods in the United States around race, mythology and national reconciliation.