一、冠词的分类1. 不定冠词:a/an 修饰可数名词单数2. 定冠词:the 修饰可数名词或不可数名词3. 零冠词:/ 修饰可数名词或不可数名词二、不定冠词的用法 (表示泛指)1. 音素掌门:判断一个单词或字母前加a还是an首先需要判断它发音的第一个音素→若为元音音素,如a:, ei, 则用an →an unusual day; an hour; an honest man,an American an egg,→若为辅音音素,如p, h, 则用a →a usual day; a European countrya one-eyed man; a broken egg2. a/an 大法:U 型大法,是指 U 有两个音,发/ju:/时用 a,发/ʌ/时用 an。a UFO a uniform(制服); a usual manan unusual man; an umbrella(雨伞)an ugly UFO; a university(大学)an ugly dog; a useful book:欧洲两怪,是指元音字母开头,但是发辅音。a one-year-old boy; a Europeana one-eyed man; a European country:隔山打牛。”山”是指开头不发音字母 han honest boy ;an hour;a heavy box:吸星大法。字母单独出现时的用法。【第一个音素是辅音的字母】 a “C” in the word “CAT”【第一个音素是元音的字母】 下面字母单独出现时只能用 anan NBA player; an “f”in the word “friend”总结:(father 和 mother 能送来杏仁+a e i o)f h m n s l x r a e I o3.固定短语:1. It was getting late. She went back home ___B___.A. in hurry B. in a hurry C. in the hurry D. in hurriesdo sth. in a hurry 匆忙地做某事2. I am in trouble. Could you give me ___A___.A. a hand B. hands C. two hands D. handgive sb. a hand帮助某人*可数名词以其中一个代表一类时(强调整体):A bird can fly。三、定冠词的用法口诀:独旧双方级乐序,姓形山河惯建筑具体:独一无二的名词前;文中出现过,下文再次提到的名词前;双方都知道的名词;表示方向的名词;最高级前面,西洋乐器前面,序数词前面;姓氏复数前;形容词前加the表示一类人;山河湖海前;习惯用法;某些建筑前独:独一无二。the sun, the moon, the earth (独一无二的天体)旧:上文提到。There is a woman. The woman is a witch.双:双方皆知。Look at the blackboard.(在课堂上)方:方向方位。the east, the west, the south, the north级:形容词最高级。the best, the most beautiful乐:演奏西洋乐器play the piano/guitar/violin序:序数词前。the first, the second, the third姓:the+姓氏 s, 表示一家人。the Smiths(史密斯一家人);the +姓氏 s’ 表示“家;住宅”;the Smiths’史密斯的家形:the+形容词表示一类人。the rich(富人) , the young(年轻人) ,the old(老人)山河:某些山川河流。the Yellow River惯:习惯用法。in the morning, at night建筑:某些建筑前。the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the White House (独一无二的建筑物)特:特指某些人或物。【7下1】The girg under the tree is Lily。国:国家全称和缩写前加 the, 简称前不加 theThe United States of America(全称)The USA(缩写) America(简称)the People’s Republic of China(the PRC) ; Chinese(国家简称前不加 the)*only, same ,very等词前要加 the。*中国传统节日前。the Spring Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival;特例:Christmas Day(西方的不加 the)*不加 the 表第一功能,加 the 表第二功能。例如:go to school(去上学),go to the school(去学校) 。go to hospital(去看病),go to the hospital(去医院)。Go to church(去做礼拜),go to the church(去教堂)。Go to bed(去睡觉),go to the bed(去床上)四、零冠词的用法人名地名抽象名 (如 Tom,Beijing, love)复数泛指都加零 (泛指是说范围广泛,没有特定指哪个或哪些)季月节假日餐球 (季节,月份,节假日,三餐,球类)语言学科运动车 (语言,学科,运动球类项目,by+交通工具)1. 人名地名抽象名(如 Tom,Beijing, love) (抽象指的是看不见摸不着只能感受到的东西)(专有名词,抽象名词,国家名的简称,)Love is important(重要的).Tom is a smart boy. Beijing is the capital of China.2. 复数泛指都加零(复数名词表示泛指,是说范围广泛,没有特定指哪个或哪些)Boys like doing the sports. Water is also very important.3. 季月节假日餐球(季节,月份,节假日,三餐,球类)I went to Guangzhou in Spring/in July.Teachers’ Day is coming.We often have breakfast/lunch/supper at home.He often plays football/basketball.4. 语言学科运动车(语言,学科,运动球类项目,by+交通工具)English is very popular(流行的) in the world.He always plays basketball.He goes to school by bike.5. 独一无二的职位之前,做补语,表语,同位语*职位、头衔和称呼等名称前。6 .固定搭配中:不加 the 表第一功能,加 the 表第二功能。例如:go to school(去上学),go to the school(去学校) 。go to hospital(去看病),go to the hospital(去医院)。Go to church(去做礼拜),go to the church(去教堂)。Go to bed(去睡觉),go to the bed(去床上)版本二:0 1 2 3 4 6 7 X0:球类运劢 12:月份 3:三餐 4:四季 6:by+ 交通工具7: 星期 X:学科如at night, face to face, by car/busplay ___/__ tennis in ___/___ Januaryhave __/___lunch in ____/___winterby__/____ bus on ____/___Monday___/___(History) history is very interesting.7.其他:*复数名词表示一类人或物时:I like tomatoes.I can't stand thrillers.(恐怖片)*两个词义相同或相近的名词连用时。Year and year; day and night*名词前已经有作定语的this、that 等指示代词的。或有my、your等物主代词的,或有some、any等不定代词的。These clothes; our room五. 易错点辨析1. go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校(不一定上学)2. at table 吃饭at the table 在桌子旁边(不一定吃饭)3. in hospital 生病住院in the hospital 在医院(不一定生病)